Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web
Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web
Czech Republic Tomáš Roubal and Jan Šturma Economic trends • Real per capita GDP growth in the Czech Republic slowed in 2008 and was negative in 2009 and 2010. The deficit increased in 2009 although it decreased in subsequent years. • Unemployment remains low. • Ten-year bond rates decreased relative to other countries in Europe after 2009. • Government spending on health as a share of the budget has remained fairly steady during the crisis. In 2010, growth in OOP and public spending per capita was negative, although both returned to positive growth in 2011 (Czech Republic: Figs 1 and 2). Policy responses Changes to public funding for the health system • Total spending on health fell between 2007 and 2011, remained stable between 2011 and 2012 and was expected to fall by 1% in 2013 as a result of cuts in reimbursement of hospitals, outpatient clinics and ancillary services (laboratory tests). • The Ministry of Health budget decreased in 2010 and public investments have since remained low. • SHI revenues increased slightly between 2008 and 2012 through the use of reserves and deficit spending. • Contributions paid by the government on behalf of the economically inactive have been frozen since 2010 but rose slightly in 2014. • The ceiling on contribution income for employees was abolished, increasing differences in contributions paid by employees and selfemployed people (2013). • There are plans to increase the contributions paid by people without taxable income and to abolish some exemptions from paying contributions from 2014.
362 Economic crisis, health systems and health in Europe: country experience % Czech Republic: Fig. 1 Economic and fiscal indicators 2000–2007 and 2008–2011 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30 _ _ _ _ ● ● _ _ ● ● _ _ _ ● _ Real GDP per capita growth _ _ _ _ _ ● ● _ _ ● ● ● _ _ _ Deficit/surplus (% GDP) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ● ● _ _ _ ● _ ● _ ● _ _ _ _ _ Government spending (% GDP) _ _ _ _ _ ● ● ● ● ● _ _ _ _ _ Government health spending (% total government spending) _ _ _ _ _ _ ● _ ● ● ● ● _ _ _ 10−year bond rates _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ● ● ● ● ● _ _ _ _ _ Unemployment rate Notes: Deficit/surplus: Eurostat; 10-year bond rates: European Central Bank; Other indicators: WHO Health for All. Year 2000−2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Czech Republic: Fig. 2 Trends in per capita spending on health, 2000–2011 Public spending per capita OOP spending per capita Non−OOP private spending per capita 1500 Per capita spending $, PPP 1000 500 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 120 Growth % Growth % 80 40 0 20 10 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Public spending per capita growth OOP spending per capita growth Note: Spending calculated from WHO Health for All. Non−OOP private spending per capita growth
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- Page 356 and 357: Albania Genc Burazeri and Enver Ros
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- Page 362 and 363: Austria Thomas Czypionka and Maria
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- Page 366 and 367: Azerbaijan Fuad Ibrahimov Economic
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- Page 382 and 383: Bulgaria Antoniya Dimova and Mina P
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- Page 390 and 391: Cyprus Elisavet Constantinou and Ma
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- Page 404 and 405: Estonia Triin Habicht and Mall Lein
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- Page 408 and 409: Finland Jan Klavus and Lauri Vuoren
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- Page 412 and 413: France Karine Chevreul, Karen Berg
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- Page 420 and 421: Germany Klaus-Dirk Henke and Wilm Q
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362 Economic <strong>crisis</strong>, <strong>health</strong> <strong>systems</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>health</strong> in Europe: country experience<br />
%<br />
Czech Republic: Fig. 1 Economic <strong>and</strong> fiscal indicators 2000–2007 <strong>and</strong> 2008–2011<br />
60<br />
55<br />
50<br />
45<br />
40<br />
35<br />
30<br />
25<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
−5<br />
−10<br />
−15<br />
−20<br />
−25<br />
−30<br />
_ _<br />
_ _<br />
● ●<br />
_ _<br />
●<br />
●<br />
_ _<br />
_<br />
●<br />
_<br />
Real GDP<br />
per capita growth<br />
_ _<br />
_ _ _<br />
● ●<br />
_ _<br />
●<br />
● ●<br />
_ _ _<br />
Deficit/surplus<br />
(% GDP)<br />
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _<br />
_ _<br />
●<br />
●<br />
_ _<br />
_<br />
● _ ●<br />
_<br />
●<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
Government<br />
spending<br />
(% GDP)<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
● ● ● ● ●<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
Government<br />
<strong>health</strong> spending<br />
(% total government<br />
spending)<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
_ ● _ ●<br />
●<br />
●<br />
●<br />
_ _ _<br />
10−year<br />
bond rates<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
_ _<br />
●<br />
●<br />
●<br />
●<br />
●<br />
_ _ _ _ _<br />
Unemployment<br />
rate<br />
Notes: Deficit/surplus: Eurostat; 10-year bond rates: European Central Bank; Other indicators:<br />
WHO Health for All.<br />
Year<br />
2000−2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Czech Republic: Fig. 2 Trends in per capita spending on <strong>health</strong>, 2000–2011<br />
Public spending per capita OOP spending per capita Non−OOP private spending per capita<br />
1500<br />
Per capita spending $, PPP<br />
1000<br />
500<br />
0<br />
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
120<br />
Growth % Growth %<br />
80<br />
40<br />
0<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />
Public spending<br />
per capita growth<br />
OOP spending<br />
per capita growth<br />
Note: Spending calculated from WHO Health for All.<br />
Non−OOP private spending<br />
per capita growth
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