Living Standards Measurements Study - Serbia 2002 - 2007

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7.8. Health care expenditures In 2007, health care expenditures amounted to 4.5 percent of total household expenditure. The share of health care expenditures in 2002 was slightly higher (5.4 percent). Graph 7 shows the share of health care expenditures according to the financial situation of households. It is indicative that all the observed groups of population spend around 4.5 percent to 4.6 percent of their total expenditure on health care, except those living below the poverty line and the poorest households according to expenditure quintiles (3.1 percent and 3.9 percent). If we consider the absolute values of average expenditures on health care, the differences become more prominent. People below poverty line spent only 188 dinars per household member per month, the poorest according to expenditure quintiles, 314 dinars and the richest 1 685 dinars (Graph 8). Graph 7.7. Proportion of health care expenditure of total expenditures according to financial situation of household 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% Non poor Poor Poorest 2 3 Total 4 Richest Average expenditures on health services according to the type of health institutions show that the expenses for private health care services were much higher than those for state health care services. The average expenditure on private outpatient services were 4 times higher than on state health services, for hospital treatment 5 times higher, and for dental health care services 3 times higher (Table 1). Graph 7.8. Health care expenditure according to financial situation of households* (dinars) Richest 4 3 2 Poorest Poor Non poor Total 188 314 530 704 925 895 851 1685 Dinars * All household members are included whether using health services or not The differences in the average expenditure are partly due to the frequency of use of these services among the population. It is not surprising that a very small portion of population that used private hospital treatment (0.1 percent) had high expenditures and that among the richest, the expenditures exceed the total expenditures per household member, and that this type of services was never used by poor population and so there are no recorded expenditures. State outpatient expenditures amount to 8 percent of total expenditures of the poorest population, and 4 percent (half the amount) spent by the richest. Hospital health care is the most expensive sector of health care system; therefore, it is not surprising that the expenditure on hospital stays in state hospitals was the largest expenditure, regardless of the financial state of population. However, the proportion of expenditure on state hospital treatment was larger among the poorest (29 percent) than among the richest (20 percent). Table 2 provides average expenditure per individual services both on outpatient and hospital services in relation to the financial state of the population. Expenditures on drugs and medical consumables were the largest expenditures both in primary and hospital health care. The amounts of expenditure in the majority of the examined services are two to three times larger among the rich compared to the poor (among health care users) and expenditures on transportation and hospital stay are 6 times larger. 90 Living Standards Measurements Study - Serbia 2002 - 2007
Table 7.1. Average expenditure on specific health care services per household member who used these services in relation to the poverty line and expenditure quintiles (dinars) Poverty line Expenditure quintiles Type of expenditure Total Non-poor Poor Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Total expenditure per household member State outpatient services (1 month) Private outpatient services (1 month) State dental health care services (1 month) Private dental health care services (1 month) State hospital treatment (12 months) Private hospital treatment (12 months) Over-the-counter purchase of drugs and alternative medicine services (1 month) 18 796 19 639 5 926 8 025 11 891 15 251 20 144 36 532 1 040 1 074 451 647 923 1 031 1 175 1 508 4 831 4 861 2 330 1 795 2 419 2 968 4 762 6 272 907 924 349 382 581 1 021 835 1 437 3 134 3 148 1 269 1 394 1 464 1 961 2 576 4 238 4 883 5 032 1 492 2 363 3 583 5 016 6 389 7 151 24 956 24 956 12 000 19 231 10 672 45 534 657 666 378 456 516 552 678 887 Table 7.2. Average expenditure for individual services in state outpatient and hospital health care per household member who used the service, in relation to the poverty line and expenditure quintiles (dinars) Poverty line Expenditure quintiles Expenditures Total Non- poor Poor Poorest 2 3 4 Richest Total expenditure per household member (monthly level) 18 796 19 639 5 926 8 025 11 891 15 251 20 144 36 532 Outpatient health care expenditure (per month) 1 040 1 074 451 647 923 1 031 1 175 1 508 Examination 134 137 74 84 92 125 172 220 Drugs and other consumables 876 903 424 603 8 001 853 1 008 1 207 Laboratory tests, X-rays 750 767 188 415 661 814 807 991 Transportation expenditure 481 493 270 341 466 564 571 452 Gifts and payments to medical staff 1 153 1 153 - 478 1 049 378 294 2 427 State hospital stays expenditure (per year) 4 883 5 032 1 492 2 363 3 583 5 016 6 389 7 151 Hospital treatment 3 652 3 688 2 421 2 096 3 529 3 321 4 243 4 972 Drugs and medical devices (surgical and implantation material) 4 234 4 364 1 130 2 220 2 175 5 308 6 395 4 944 Laboratory tests, X-rays 2 814 2 829 1 000 1 873 1 685 2 852 4 088 2 948 Transportation and accommodation 1 369 1 424 443 472 868 1 517 1 462 2 817 Gifts and payments to medical staff* 5 060 5 088 1 000 6 387 6 296 4 303 3 294 5 952 * Data on expenditure of informal payment had low levels of response (total number of respondents was 109 or 0.6 percent of the sample). Health 91
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Living Standards Measurement Study
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Publisher: Statistical Office of th
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The statistical system of Serbia ha
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Living Standards Measurements Study
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1. POVERTY PROFILE IN SERBIA IN THE
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Absolute and extreme poverty of Rom
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Table 1.4. Subjective evaluation of
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However, notwithstanding the highli
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Table 1.8. Poverty by regions in Se
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1.9. Education and demographic feat
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Table 1.14. Poverty by household ty
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Table 1.16. Regression of consumpti
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2. The total number of the poor hal
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Natasa Mijakovac Income and expendi
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Aggregate income does not contain r
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In the five-year period, the struct
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’Х’ axis, except for the last
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Таble 2.6. Average monthly expend
Page 41 and 42: Graph 2.5. Cumulative overview of h
Page 43: 2.5. Conclusion 1. From 2002 - 2007
Page 46 and 47: 3. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF T
Page 48 and 49: widows were aged over 60 and 17 per
Page 50 and 51: However, there is an increase in th
Page 52 and 53: 4. MIGRATION IN SERBIA Migration as
Page 54 and 55: Table 4.4. Migration by type of set
Page 56 and 57: Table 4.6. Migration characteristic
Page 58 and 59: Graph 4.3. Households by migratory
Page 60 and 61: 5. HOUSING CONDITIONS AND POSSESION
Page 62 and 63: Table 5.1. Indicators of housing co
Page 64 and 65: Table 5.2. Households by type of he
Page 66 and 67: Table 5.5. Proportion of monthly ex
Page 68 and 69: Table 5.10. Average number of month
Page 71 and 72: Mirosinka Dinkic Social welfare in
Page 73 and 74: municipality level. Again, municipa
Page 75 and 76: 6.1.4. Amounts of benefit received
Page 77 and 78: support from authorities to fill in
Page 79 and 80: It is noticeable that more PWDs age
Page 81 and 82: Graph 6.6. PWDs by education level
Page 83 and 84: 6.2.6. Health care of PWDs LSMS sho
Page 85 and 86: Jasmina Grozdanov Health 7 7.1. Int
Page 87 and 88: educe the negative trends in the he
Page 89 and 90: 7.5. Use of Health Care Services ac
Page 91: given significantly more by residen
Page 95 and 96: Snezana Klasnja Education 8 Introdu
Page 97 and 98: study of mother tongue and elements
Page 99 and 100: Graph 8.1. School attendance, relat
Page 101 and 102: distributed geographically. Accordi
Page 103 and 104: 8.3. Primary education 8.3.1. Gener
Page 105 and 106: and only children from families wit
Page 107 and 108: The number of classes and teachers
Page 109 and 110: Participation of young people in va
Page 111 and 112: universities, pursuant to approved
Page 113 and 114: Table 8.1. shows the proportion of
Page 115: Endnotes, Part 8 1 All data refer t
Page 118 and 119: 9. EMPLOYMENT STATUS Despite signif
Page 120 and 121: the past five years did not lead to
Page 122 and 123: Table 9.6. Employment and unemploym
Page 124 and 125: If the economic position of the emp
Page 126 and 127: possible to examine hidden unemploy
Page 128 and 129: Graph 9.7. Employment and unemploym
Page 130 and 131: job. While 26 percent of the popula
Page 132 and 133: Table 9.13. Respondents aged 15+ by
Page 135 and 136: Natalija Bogdanov Agriculture 10 10
Page 137 and 138: 10.2. Rural poverty in Serbia Inter
Page 139 and 140: Box 4. Types of Individual Agricult
Page 141 and 142: Graph 10.2. Income of rural househo
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favourable compared to the non-agri
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The physical capital of agricultura
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Graph 10.12. Structure of farms by
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The greatest profit from animal liv
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Table 10.5. Features of agricultura
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7. Bogdanov N. (2007): «Small Rura
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11. WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES (
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Table 11.2. Water and sewerage char
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The improvements varied by both typ
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11.13. Contact with water suppliers
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162 Living Standards Measurements S
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12. METHODOLOGY 12.1. Fieldwork App
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12.2. Data production Data files ar
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p hij = overall probability of sele
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12.4.1. Comparing number of househo
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Table 12.6. New Estimates of Total
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ent paid by the tenants was used. I
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from the separate survey on regiona
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steps. First, the daily caloric val
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poverty in Serbia in 2007 were impr
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Annex А 183
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Annex Table 1.2. Household Sample S
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Annex Table 2.2. Monthly consumptio
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Annex Table 2.4. Monthly income per
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Annex Table 3.3. Household residenc
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Annex Table 3.5. Education level (p
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Annex Table 3.7. Reason why do not
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Annex Table 3.9. Individual economi
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Annex Table 3.12. Marital status of
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Annex Table 3.14. Economic status o
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Annex Table 3.16. Number of househo
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Annex Table 3.19. Households with o
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Annex Table 3.21. Households by num
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Annex Table 5.3. Average number of
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Annex Table 5.6. Households with in
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Annex Table 5.8. Average household
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Annex Table 5.10. Average household
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Annex Table 5.14. Household durable
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Annex Table 5.16. Household ownersh
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Annex Table 6.2. Average amount rec
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Annex Table 6.4. Reasons for non ap
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Annex Table 6.7. Reason did not app
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Annex Table 6.10. Reason did not ap
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Annex Table 7.1. Whether respondent
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Annex Table 7.9. Respondents use of
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Annex Table 7.12. Average frequency
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Table 7.14. Respondents insured in
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Annex Table 7.16. Respondents with
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Annex Table 8.2. Children from 3 to
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Table 8.6. Average number of hours
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Annex Table 8.12. Average amount sp
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Table 8.14. Children from 15 to 19
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Annex Table 8.17. Percentage of cit
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Annex Table 8.20. Average value of
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Annex Table 9.2. Population 15+ by
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Annex Table 9.5. Employed 15+ by Ac
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Annex Table 9.8. Employment by owne
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Annex Table 9.11. Average number of
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Annex Table 9.15. Average amount re
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Annex Table 10.2. Agricultural hous
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Annex Table 10.11. Households which
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Annex Table 10.13. Estimated value
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Annex Table 10.15. Average estimate
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Annex Table 10.18. Agricultural hou
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Living Standards Measurements Study - Serbia 2002 - 2007

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