Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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36 GLUFOSINATE-AMMONl UM HERBICIDE UPDATE FOR CORN IN THE NORTHEAST M.A. Fidanza ', W.J. Bertges, and E.P. Pieters ABSTRACT lufosinate-ammonium is a non-selective, postemergence herbicide currently being develop d for the management and control of grass and broadleaf weeds in agricultural and spe ialty crops. Glufosinate-ammonium is the synthetic equivalent to a naturally occurri g compound, phosphinothricin, which is a metabolite of the soil bacteria Stre to ces viridochromogenes. In the target plant, glufosinate-arnmoniumbinds irreversi Iy to glutamine synthetase, an enzyme located in the chloroplasts and cytoplasm. Glutami e synthetase is involved in the conversion of glutamate plus ammonia into useful glutami e, which is an important step in the nitrogen assimilation process. By inhibiting glutami e synthetase, ammonia accumulates within plant tissues, and is accompanied by a decreas in amino acid levels. Exposure to high levels of ammonia is toxic to plants, which r sults in damage to plant cell structure and function. The photosynthesis process also is i hibited as a result of glutamine synthetase inhibition in the plant by glufosinateammon m. ecent advances in plant genetics and biotechnology have resulted in the ability of desired lants and food and fiber crops to gain resistance to glufosinate-ammonium, The gene re ponsible for establishing resistance to glufosinate-ammonium was discovered in the earl 1980s. Since then, AgrEvo USA Company has pioneered the effort to develop glufosi te-ammonium resistant corn, soybeans, and other crops. Due to the nonselectiv , broad spectrum weed control properties of glufosinate-ammonium, the compo nd is suitable for use in crops specifically developed with resistance to the herbici e. he effectiveness of glufosinate-ammonium to control a wide range of grass and broadle f weeds has been demonstrated in field trials throughout the Northeast and Midwe t USA. In previously reported experiments, genetically engineered corn and soybea plants exhibited resistance to postemergence treatments of glufosinate-ammonium applied at ~ 1500 g ai ha- 1 . In efficacy field trials during the 1994 to 1996 growing season with glufosinate-ammonium resistant corn, postemergence treatments of the herbici e applied at 250 to 400 g ai ha- 1 were effective. Successful weed management and control results in corn also were observed when glufosinate-ammonium was applied in conjun tion with preemergence herbicides, and when applying glufosinate-ammonium alone 0 tank-mixed with current postemergence herbicides. The development of crops with re istance to glufosinate-ammonium represents an opportunity for the herbicide to be utilized as an additional weed management tool for use in corn, and eventually in soybeans and ot er food and fiber crops. IField evelopment Representative, Field Development Manager, and Product Devel ment Manager, respectively; AgrEvo USA Company, Wilmington, DE 19808.
II I ! I ! Ii I I 37 PREE~ERGENCE CONTROLOF SMOOTHCRABGRASSIN 1996 I I T. L. Watschkeand 1. A. Borgert ABSTRACf Twenty-sixpreemergenceherbicidetreatmentswereappliedto a mixedstandof cool seasonturfgrasses t the LandscapeManagementResearchCenter,UniversityPark,PA. As severaltreatments ere appliedusingfertilizeras a carrier,all treatmentsregardlessof carrierwere maintainedat the s e nitrogenfertilitylevel, Dateof applicationwasApril25 and 26, May2, and June 8 for sequen 'al treatments. Germinationof crabgrasswasfirstobservedon May 13. Sprayedapplicatio s weremadeusinga handheldCO 2 boomsprayerwith6504nozzlesat 30psi calibratedto deliv r 80 gpa, Granularformulationswereappliedusinga shakerjar. Irrigationwas appliedafterappli ation(approximately0.5inch)and at varioustimesduringthe courseof the studyto maintain e turf free of dormancy. Crabgrasscontrolwasratedon August20, 1996. No phytotoxicitywas bservedduringthe courseof the study. S-6617at a productrate of 109.3 IbsiAappliedseq ntially,S-6619at a productrate of 109.31bslAappliedsequentially.oxadiazon at a rate of 3 Ibs . A, pendimethalinon Scott's 22-0-6,pendimethalinom18-5-9at a rate of 2lbs ailA, prodiamine 5WG at rates of 0.48.0.65,and 0.75lbs ailA. prodiamineat an initialrateof 0.5 followedby 0 25 eight weekslater, prodiamineat a rate of 0.65and(J).75Ibsai/A on fertilizer, prodiamineat a r te of 0.5, 0.65,and 0.75on Lebanonfertilizer,dithiopyr1EC at a rate of 0.18, 0.25, and 0.38, 443 and AD 445 at rates of dithiopyrof 0.18 and0.25,respectively,all providedat least % controlof smoothcrabgrasswhichwasconsidered'to becommercially acceptable. Seve of the abovematerialswereappliedat lowerratesandat lowerrates sequentially;how ver, in all cases,controlof smoothcrabgrasswasnot foundto beacceptable. Dithiopyron fe .. zer did havecontrolratedat 88 and89%forratesof 0.06 and0.09lbs ailA, respectively.Cl ly, the potentialfor dithiopyr/fertilizercombinationsto providean acceptable levelof control .very lowrates appearspossible. i ! II I I I, I I I I I I I Professorand R±arCh Assistant,respectively,Departmentof Agronomy,PennStateUniversity,UniversityPark, PA 16802. ! I I I i I II I ! I I II I I II I ! I I
Page 1 and 2: 1 DE~LOPING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTIC
Page 3 and 4: 3 MATERIALSANDMETHODS Experiments w
Page 5 and 6: I 5 I Table 3. Stand density of oat
Page 7 and 8: 7 TaL~NCEaFHNE~CU~TaCL~HarnM Larry
Page 9 and 10: 9 I CONTROLLING QUACKGRASS WITH CLE
Page 11 and 12: BELTSV~LLE 11 SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTUR
Page 13 and 14: Ii 13 I The 1996NEWSSCollegiateWeed
Page 15 and 16: 15 EFFECTOF rREPLANT TILLAGEANDNICO
Page 17 and 18: 17 i PENNMUjLCH, A NEW MULCH FOR TU
Page 19 and 20: 19 cover the sta~es in the Northeas
Page 21 and 22: 21 I TABLEt CORN WEED CONTROL EFFIC
Page 23 and 24: 23 COMMON LAMBSQUARTERS CONTROL IN
Page 25 and 26: I I 25 I Table 2. Effectivaness of
Page 27 and 28: 27 PERFORMANCE OF PREEMERGENCE TREA
Page 29 and 30: I i I i I I 29 EFFECT OF TANK-MIXIN
Page 31 and 32: I 31 I EVALVATIONOF WEED CONTROLA
Page 33 and 34: I I i 33 I EFFECT$ OF EXP 31130A AN
Page 35: 35 Effect OfPO~T ApplicationTimingo
Page 39 and 40: I 39 U+ OF SLUDGE BASED FERTILIZERS
Page 41 and 42: i I 41 I EFFECT OF fSOXABEN APPLIED
Page 43 and 44: I 43 ~STCRABGRASS CONTROL AS lWO os
Page 45 and 46: I II 45 iI Gallery* f,r Weed Preven
Page 47 and 48: I POTENTIAL I I 47 USE OF EXP-31130
Page 49 and 50: I" i 49 j PFMERGENCE CONTROL OF PRO
Page 51 and 52: 51 TIIE E...·rL"",,- L OF TRINEXAP
Page 53 and 54: 53 PERF011MANICEOF ISOXAFLUTOLE IN
Page 55 and 56: 55 ISOXAFL OLE COMBINATIONSWITH PRE
Page 57 and 58: 57 Weed Interference in Full Season
Page 59 and 60: 59 HERBICIDE TRATEGIES FOR CONTROL
Page 61 and 62: 61 Table 1.Eff ct of WeedControlTre
Page 63 and 64: 63 DETECTION ND MOVEMENT PATTERN OF
Page 65 and 66: 65 TRAILERING AFETY: A TRAINING COU
Page 67 and 68: 67 EV ALUATIO OF WIT..DFLOWER ESTAB
Page 69 and 70: 69 LlNGSNOW ECOSYSTEM PROJECT: MICR
Page 71 and 72: 71 TABLE 1: Tree . jury provided by
Page 74 and 75: 74 GSNOW ECOSYSTEM PROJECT: WHITE S
Page 76 and 77: 16 cherry (Pnmus se otina ranks fou
Page 78 and 79: .J 78 Table 1. Density, (D), relati
Page 80 and 81: ~---------_._-~---_.._--- 80 A NEW
Page 82 and 83: 82 WEED AFFINITY GROUPS AS A TOOL I
Page 84 and 85: 84 NEW TE HNIQUE TO COMPARE EFFICAC
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86 PRO UCTION PERFORMANCE OF GLYPHO
Page 88 and 89:
88 Managing nterseeded Cover Crops
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-----------t----~--- 90 Since weed
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92 The mechanistic model (equ. I) a
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94 Exploring the Feasibility of Pro
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96 INHIBI ING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CI
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98 However it .ncreased the control
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100 LIVERWORT AND PEARLWORT MANAGEM
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102 ULFENTRAZONEAND HALOSULFURON:HE
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104 estern New York Nursery IPM Pro
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106 C MMONRAGWEEDCONTROLIN FIELD CO
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108 CGA-77102: A New Herbicide for
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110 POSTEMERGENCEWEEDCONTROLIN SOYB
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112 E FECTS OF REPEATEDLATE-WINTERH
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114 GSNOW ECOSYSTEl\1 PROJECT: NITR
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116 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION GI fosin
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---------T---~~-- 118 EVALUA ON OF
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120 B USB CONTROL PROVIDED BY LOW V
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------- 122 W VOLUMEWEED AND BRUSH
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124 EVA UATION OFGLYPHOSATEFOR DORM
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126 E ALUATION OF IMAZAMETH FOR WEE
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128 Presidential Address Delivered
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130 Ho much land can ten billion pe
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Waggone December 24, 1994 132 count
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Waggone December 24, 1994 134 25 Pa
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Waggone December 24, 1994 136 which
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December 24, 1994 138 sets the pecu
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----------+---- Waggone December 24
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Waggone December 24, 1994 142 soil
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Waggone December 24, 1994 144 ~oo~
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Waggoner December 24, 1994 146 350
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148 Appendix Calculate the environm
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150 alone ac eptably controls typic
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152 opportu ity to use sethoxydim a
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---------+----------- 154 IMPACT OF
Page 156 and 157:
156 The STS® time line: • 1986 -
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-------_. __ ._._--- d •••..
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-----_._~-_._.__.- 160 SYNCBRONYTM.
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162 Government approvals for Roundu
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HH i ! 164 AG6101 l.oundup Ready®
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166 n Lib rty LinkTM soybeans will
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168 IMITMCORN YIELD PERFORMANCE* (H
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170 to $15 an ere depending upon ho
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172 e recent occurrence has been th
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174 He bicide was added to the tiss
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176 it can at ti es be a weed in Ke
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178 ty's main campus that Rhizocton
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180 weight conclu qualit treatm and
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182 during the st or 2nd growing se
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184 TABLE 1. Mean raspberry cover (
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186 (A) STEM VOLUME - SPRING TRTM.,
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188 concluded at 5.1 em of simulate
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190 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ank United Agr
Page 192 and 193:
192 AGRICULTURE NEEDS MORE WEED SCI
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194 Who is going to provide the edu
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20 18 - 16 A v 14 e r 12 a g 10 e s
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198 50th Annual Business Meeting of
Page 200 and 201:
200 • Graduate team winners were:
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202 solclose to the New Year, as it
Page 204 and 205:
----~------ 204 e Committee Reports
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! I 206 I Administration $1,527.23
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208 Glickman comments that his "hig
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210 York Sta~e. It is still unclear
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I I I Bingham, SamuJ Wayne Virginia
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214 Cianessi, Leonard Nat. Center o
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L I • I I I I Langston, Vemon Dow
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__________ m---+---m__ .... 218 Rie
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-----------~ I I 220 Whalen, Mark Z
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Helicopter Applicators, Inc. Martin
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224 Employers of NEWSS members in 1
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.l I I I I 226 NEWSSPASTPRESIDENTS
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228 AWARD OF MERIT 1971 1972 1973 1
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1995 I I I 230 Fra~cis J. Webb •
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II II 232 1995 1'R~chard Ashly Univ
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234 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1
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I, I 236 1989 - AmeriJan Cyanamid,
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--------_.~-------- 238 RESEARCH PO
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1995 1 - iAComparison of Broadleaf
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242 1960 1961 1962 . The Influence
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244 1975 1 - Control of Jimsonweed
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246 1984 1 - Pre-TransplantOxyfluor
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248 Common or Code name trade Name
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250 Common or Code name , rrade Nam
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252 I Common ot Code namel I I flur
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254 Common o~ Code name' I I i Trad
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256 Common or i Code name I Trade N
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258 , Ackley, J.A .• 7 Adams, R.G
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260 1 I 2,4-D 2, 14, 1~, 22, 23,28,
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262 I Agrosticpalus(ris 47, 48 Agro
Page 264 and 265:
SUBJECT INDEX Application T~mings 4
Page 266 and 267:
266 WEED INDEX Abutilon theop~rosti
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Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society