Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 51â1997 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
30 FIRST YEAR'S IMPRESSIONS OF WEED CONTROL IN TRANSGENIC CROPS M.J. VanGessel, Q. Johnson, and M. Isaacs 1 ABSTRACT weed science program at the University of Delaware had a number of trials with gluf inate-resistant corn (Zea mays L.) and soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and glyphosa e-resistant soybeans. This was the first opportunity for a new weed scientist to exami e this technology. Glufosinate- and glyphosate-resistant crops were evaluate for effectiveness of annual weed control. GI fosinate was compatible with ten different POST corn herbicides, represen ing triazines, ALS-inhibiting herbicides, and benzoics. Although, in this study, glufosina e alone was as effective as any tank-mixture. GI fosinate appears to hve a wide window of application. Application to com resulted n similar results when applied to 8 or 14 inch com. Although, as expected, higher ra es (> 0.2 Ibs ai/A) were needed for later applications to obtain highest level of control. . A rial compared the effectiveness of glufosinate and glyphosate applied at various t mings for weed control and yield loss potential. Glufosinate and glyphosate applicati ns to their respective transgenic soybean varieties, provided good to excellent control common ragweed (Ambrosia arlemisiifolia L.), jimsonweed (Datura stramon um L.), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), and fall panicum (Panicu dichotomiflorum Michx.) when applied from the first to fifth trifoliolate soybean stages. lufosinate- and glyphosate-resistant crops will provide a new and effective approac to weed management. This technology relies on many integrated weed manage ent principles, but as such, requires additional management on part of the growers I ssist. Prof., Ext. Assoc., and Dir. Res. and Educ. Ctr., Dept. Plant and Soil ScL, U iversity of Delaware, Res. and Educ. Ctr., Georgetown. DE 19947.
I 31 I EVALVATIONOF WEED CONTROLAND CROP TOLERANCEWITH POSrnrRGENCE HERBICIDESIN SETHOXYDIM-TOLERANTCORN 1.E. Ashley,Jr., and E. S. Hagood, Jr. 1 ABSTRACT . Fieldexpe~l.ents were conducted in 1995and 1996at four locationsto evaluatestrategies forthe use of sethxydim-toleranthybridsinVirginiacom production. The specificobjectivesof this research were to valuate sethoxydim-basedherbicideprograms for the control of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactyl enL) in com, to evaluate similarprogramsfor annualgrass and broadleafweed control,andto uate the response of sethoxydim-toleranthybridsto eitherbroadcast or directed applicationsof set oxydim,fluazifop-P,clethodim,or quizalofop. All experimentswere conducted usinga randomi completeblockdesignwithfourreplications.Individualplots consistedof 4 com rows 7.6 m in len h in which the two inner rows receivedtreatment and the outer rows servedas borders. All herbi ide applicationswere made with a CO 2-pressurized backpack sprayerdelivering 210 L/ha of water.t 220 kPa using flat fan spraytips. The dependentvariablesevaluatedincluded cropresponseto h icidetreatments, weed control by species,com stand, and com yield.All data were subjected t analysis of variance and appropriate mean separation techniques at the 0.05 significancelevel.j ExCellen~bermUdagrass control was obtained from broadcast or directed applicationsof sethoxydim, flu ifop-P, quizalofop, clethodim, and fluazifop-P plus fenoxaprop. Broadcast applications of azifop-P and both broadcast and directed applications of clethodim caused significantcrop inj~, however. Combinationsof sethoxydimwithbentazon,bentazon plus atrazine, flumiclorac, and f~osulfuron resulted in reduced bermudagrass control relative to that control affordedby seth:Edim alone.In experimentsto evaluatecontrol of annualspeciesincluding smooth pigweed(Aman 'bushybridusL.), commonlambsquarters (Chenopodiumalbum L.), giant foxtail (SetariafaberiH .), ivyleafmomingglory(Ipomoeahederacea L. Jacq.),jimsonweed (Datura stramoniumL.), large crabgrass(Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop.), and a perennial,yellownutsedge (CyperusesculentusL.), excellentbroad spectrumweed control was achievedwith sethoxydimin combinationwith bentazon, bentazon plus atrazine, nicosulfuron,or primisulfuron.Crop tolerance to these treatments was excellent. In experimentsto evaluate sethoxydim-toleranthybrids and susceptibilityto graminicides, no rate of sethoxydimcaused significantinjuryto any hybridtested. Toleranceofth~ hybridsto lx ratesof fluazifop-Pandquizalofopwas also demonstrated,although higher rates (4x ~d 8x) caused significantinjury. Clethodim at all rates of applicationcaused significantcrop i~ury. Differentialresponsesto graminicides amonghybridswere noted. IGrad Res. Asst!.and Professor, Dept. Of Plant Pathol., Physiol. And Weed Sci., VPI+SU, Blacksburg,Va 2~061. I i I i I ! I I I I I i I i I
- Page 1 and 2: 1 DE~LOPING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTIC
- Page 3 and 4: 3 MATERIALSANDMETHODS Experiments w
- Page 5 and 6: I 5 I Table 3. Stand density of oat
- Page 7 and 8: 7 TaL~NCEaFHNE~CU~TaCL~HarnM Larry
- Page 9 and 10: 9 I CONTROLLING QUACKGRASS WITH CLE
- Page 11 and 12: BELTSV~LLE 11 SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTUR
- Page 13 and 14: Ii 13 I The 1996NEWSSCollegiateWeed
- Page 15 and 16: 15 EFFECTOF rREPLANT TILLAGEANDNICO
- Page 17 and 18: 17 i PENNMUjLCH, A NEW MULCH FOR TU
- Page 19 and 20: 19 cover the sta~es in the Northeas
- Page 21 and 22: 21 I TABLEt CORN WEED CONTROL EFFIC
- Page 23 and 24: 23 COMMON LAMBSQUARTERS CONTROL IN
- Page 25 and 26: I I 25 I Table 2. Effectivaness of
- Page 27 and 28: 27 PERFORMANCE OF PREEMERGENCE TREA
- Page 29: I i I i I I 29 EFFECT OF TANK-MIXIN
- Page 33 and 34: I I i 33 I EFFECT$ OF EXP 31130A AN
- Page 35 and 36: 35 Effect OfPO~T ApplicationTimingo
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- Page 39 and 40: I 39 U+ OF SLUDGE BASED FERTILIZERS
- Page 41 and 42: i I 41 I EFFECT OF fSOXABEN APPLIED
- Page 43 and 44: I 43 ~STCRABGRASS CONTROL AS lWO os
- Page 45 and 46: I II 45 iI Gallery* f,r Weed Preven
- Page 47 and 48: I POTENTIAL I I 47 USE OF EXP-31130
- Page 49 and 50: I" i 49 j PFMERGENCE CONTROL OF PRO
- Page 51 and 52: 51 TIIE E...·rL"",,- L OF TRINEXAP
- Page 53 and 54: 53 PERF011MANICEOF ISOXAFLUTOLE IN
- Page 55 and 56: 55 ISOXAFL OLE COMBINATIONSWITH PRE
- Page 57 and 58: 57 Weed Interference in Full Season
- Page 59 and 60: 59 HERBICIDE TRATEGIES FOR CONTROL
- Page 61 and 62: 61 Table 1.Eff ct of WeedControlTre
- Page 63 and 64: 63 DETECTION ND MOVEMENT PATTERN OF
- Page 65 and 66: 65 TRAILERING AFETY: A TRAINING COU
- Page 67 and 68: 67 EV ALUATIO OF WIT..DFLOWER ESTAB
- Page 69 and 70: 69 LlNGSNOW ECOSYSTEM PROJECT: MICR
- Page 71 and 72: 71 TABLE 1: Tree . jury provided by
- Page 74 and 75: 74 GSNOW ECOSYSTEM PROJECT: WHITE S
- Page 76 and 77: 16 cherry (Pnmus se otina ranks fou
- Page 78 and 79: .J 78 Table 1. Density, (D), relati
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31<br />
I<br />
EVALVATIONOF WEED CONTROLAND CROP TOLERANCEWITH<br />
POSrnrRGENCE HERBICIDESIN SETHOXYDIM-TOLERANTCORN<br />
1.E. Ashley,Jr., and E. S. Hagood, Jr. 1<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
. Fieldexpe~l.ents were conducted in 1995and 1996at four locationsto evaluatestrategies<br />
forthe use of sethxydim-toleranthybridsinVirginiacom production. The specificobjectivesof this<br />
research were to valuate sethoxydim-basedherbicideprograms for the control of bermudagrass<br />
(Cynodon dactyl enL) in com, to evaluate similarprogramsfor annualgrass and broadleafweed<br />
control,andto uate the response of sethoxydim-toleranthybridsto eitherbroadcast or directed<br />
applicationsof set oxydim,fluazifop-P,clethodim,or quizalofop. All experimentswere conducted<br />
usinga randomi completeblockdesignwithfourreplications.Individualplots consistedof 4 com<br />
rows 7.6 m in len h in which the two inner rows receivedtreatment and the outer rows servedas<br />
borders. All herbi ide applicationswere made with a CO 2-pressurized backpack sprayerdelivering<br />
210 L/ha of water.t 220 kPa using flat fan spraytips. The dependentvariablesevaluatedincluded<br />
cropresponseto h icidetreatments, weed control by species,com stand, and com yield.All data<br />
were subjected t analysis of variance and appropriate mean separation techniques at the 0.05<br />
significancelevel.j<br />
ExCellen~bermUdagrass control was obtained from broadcast or directed applicationsof<br />
sethoxydim, flu ifop-P, quizalofop, clethodim, and fluazifop-P plus fenoxaprop. Broadcast<br />
applications of azifop-P and both broadcast and directed applications of clethodim caused<br />
significantcrop inj~, however. Combinationsof sethoxydimwithbentazon,bentazon plus atrazine,<br />
flumiclorac, and f~osulfuron resulted in reduced bermudagrass control relative to that control<br />
affordedby seth:Edim alone.In experimentsto evaluatecontrol of annualspeciesincluding smooth<br />
pigweed(Aman 'bushybridusL.), commonlambsquarters (Chenopodiumalbum L.), giant foxtail<br />
(SetariafaberiH .), ivyleafmomingglory(Ipomoeahederacea L. Jacq.),jimsonweed (Datura<br />
stramoniumL.), large crabgrass(Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop.), and a perennial,yellownutsedge<br />
(CyperusesculentusL.), excellentbroad spectrumweed control was achievedwith sethoxydimin<br />
combinationwith bentazon, bentazon plus atrazine, nicosulfuron,or primisulfuron.Crop tolerance<br />
to these treatments was excellent. In experimentsto evaluate sethoxydim-toleranthybrids and<br />
susceptibilityto graminicides, no rate of sethoxydimcaused significantinjuryto any hybridtested.<br />
Toleranceofth~ hybridsto lx ratesof fluazifop-Pandquizalofopwas also demonstrated,although<br />
higher rates (4x ~d 8x) caused significantinjury. Clethodim at all rates of applicationcaused<br />
significantcrop i~ury. Differentialresponsesto graminicides amonghybridswere noted.<br />
IGrad Res. Asst!.and Professor, Dept. Of Plant Pathol., Physiol. And <strong>Weed</strong> Sci., VPI+SU,<br />
Blacksburg,Va 2~061.<br />
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