Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

08.06.2015 Views

Physostegia viginiana variegate rhizomes all season Polygonatum multiflorum variegatum var sol seal rhizomes all season Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot rhizomes all season Sanguisorba obtusa Japaneseburnet seeds sununer Sedurn acre Golden sedurn leaves, stems, plantlets summer, autumn Sedum mmus Tiny sedum leaves, plantlets all season Sedum reptans. stolorufera Creeping sedum leaves,stems,plantlets all season, dormant Silphium perfoliatum Cup plant. rosinwecd rhizomes, seeds sununer, autumn Solidago rugosa 'Fireworks' rhizomes,seeds all season Stylophorum diphyllum Celandine poppy rhizomes, seeds spring,sununer,autunln Symphyrumgrandiflorum Comfrey rhizomes,seeds spring,sutumn Tiarella cordifolia 'Running Tapestry' stolons all season Tiarella cordifolia 'Slick Rock' stolons all season Veronica pectinata Comb speedwell stolons spring, autumn Veronica spicata Waterperry' stolons spring, sutumn Vinca minor variegated 'Ralph Sbugert' stolons all season I Capabk of infesting host plants wn..nhoa plants are fully donnant; weedmay or may no( exhibit season of dormancy Table-i. The occ~~ce within~ relative distance crop~ traveled during a single season;' Numbers of infested plants found at a given distance (feet, acres) Species: Less than50 ft 50-100ft lOa-200ft 1-2acre 2-5acre Ixerisdentata 556 478 306 88 56 Viola koreana 343 201 106 51 42 Viola labradorica 247 198 142 29 12 Oxalis acetostella 301 228 216 60 31 Trifolium tricolor 108 56 43 28 3 Sedum reflexum 228 217 209 187 % Hieraceumpilosella 18 9 6 0 0 Lysimachia ciliata p. 46 18 4 0 0 Rumex sanginea 208 156 98 12 0 'The numbers of plants infested in a linear measure, independent of host plant species or genera. Table 3: The numbers of crop weedsencountered in -stockplants grouped by plant association. Numbers of ewfound Pet category of crop plant Crop weed: Ixens dentata Herb. per. 1,504 Woody trees Viola koreana 743 176 192 12 Viola labradorica 628 143 190 ° Oxalis acetostella 736 191 208 63 Woody shrubs AnnuaIs(flats)i 233 163 43 Annuals

Trifolium tricolor 232 26 62 0 18 Sedum reflexum 933 209 178 13 1,036 Hieraceum pilosella 33 4 16 0 0 Lysimachiaciliata p. 68 14 19 0 0 Rumex sanginea 474 106 109 0 6 Total plants available: 25,000 2,500 2,500 25,000 20,000 4 Majority of annual flats had sold priorto weed movement or seed disperal -, Table 4: Categorizing host plant strength as a function ofpot coverage and soil visibility Category: Criteria: Strength Examples: Category I: 75-95% I Hemerocallis, Iris, Lupinus, Hosta, Lilium, Delphinium, Eupatorium Category 2: 50-75% 2 Campanula, Geranium, Euphorbia, Stokesia, Columbine, Helenium, Malva Category 3: 25-50% 3 Veronica, Salvia, Erica, Calluna, Heuchera, CaImagrostis, Festuca Category 4: 5-25% 4 Asters, Ground covers, Sedum, Symphytum, Penniseturn, Galium Category 5a: -5% 5a Monarda, Physostegia, Solidago, Phalaris, Lysarnachia, Vinca, Aguja Category 5b: -5% 5b Epimedium, Tiarella, Waldensteina, Lamium, Solomon Seal, Chrysagonum " Table 5: Invasive potential ----, of CW as a function of host plant category: Numbers of plants per strength category infested with crop weeds Crop Weeds: L a, a, ±.; 5a: Sh: Ixeris dentata 86 72 48 50 56 32 Viola koreana 72 56 52 56 39 38 Viola labradorica 82 85 60 56 52 48 OxaltsacetosteUa 53 62 49 53 61 49 Trifolium tricolor 28 16 9 II 6 3 Sedum reflexum 90 78 63 66 69 58 Hieraceumpilosella 16 6 3 0 0 0 Lysimachiaciliata p. 28 4 0 0 0 0 Rumex sanginea 66 48 49 39 25 18 Total plants available: 3,500 3,500 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,000 Table 6: The number of cw found in herbicide treated crop plants 6 and 16weeks after treatment(wat): Number of cwplants counted per herbicide treatment made to mixed perennials Gallery Dacthal Preen Scotts om Rout Crop Weed: 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat Ixeris dentata 2 98 4 96 3 100 3 86 0 58 Viola koreana Viola labradorica Oxalis ace10stella 4 16 21 86 92 100 12 31 3 92 100 100 5 6 11 98 97 100 3 4 5 81 82 100 2 3 4 62 68 100 93

Trifolium tricolor 232 26 62 0 18<br />

Sedum reflexum 933 209 178 13 1,036<br />

Hieraceum pilosella 33 4 16 0 0<br />

Lysimachiaciliata p. 68 14 19 0 0<br />

Rumex sanginea 474 106 109 0 6<br />

Total plants available: 25,000 2,500 2,500 25,000 20,000<br />

4 Majority of annual flats had sold priorto weed movement or seed disperal<br />

-,<br />

Table 4: Categorizing host plant strength as a function ofpot coverage and soil visibility<br />

Category: Criteria: Strength Examples:<br />

Category I: 75-95% I Hemerocallis, Iris, Lupinus, Hosta, Lilium, Delphinium, Eupatorium<br />

Category 2: 50-75% 2 Campanula, Geranium, Euphorbia, Stokesia, Columbine, Helenium, Malva<br />

Category 3: 25-50% 3 Veronica, Salvia, Erica, Calluna, Heuchera, CaImagrostis, Festuca<br />

Category 4: 5-25% 4 Asters, Ground covers, Sedum, Symphytum, Penniseturn, Galium<br />

Category 5a: -5% 5a Monarda, Physostegia, Solidago, Phalaris, Lysarnachia, Vinca, Aguja<br />

Category 5b: -5% 5b Epimedium, Tiarella, Waldensteina, Lamium, Solomon Seal, Chrysagonum<br />

"<br />

Table 5: Invasive potential<br />

----,<br />

of CW as a function of host plant category:<br />

Numbers of plants per strength category infested with crop weeds<br />

Crop <strong>Weed</strong>s: L a, a, ±.; 5a: Sh:<br />

Ixeris dentata 86 72 48 50 56 32<br />

Viola koreana 72 56 52 56 39 38<br />

Viola labradorica 82 85 60 56 52 48<br />

OxaltsacetosteUa 53 62 49 53 61 49<br />

Trifolium tricolor 28 16 9 II 6 3<br />

Sedum reflexum 90 78 63 66 69 58<br />

Hieraceumpilosella 16 6 3 0 0 0<br />

Lysimachiaciliata p. 28 4 0 0 0 0<br />

Rumex sanginea 66 48 49 39 25 18<br />

Total plants available: 3,500 3,500 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,000<br />

Table 6: The number of cw found in herbicide treated crop plants 6 and 16weeks after treatment(wat):<br />

Number of cwplants counted per herbicide treatment made to mixed perennials<br />

Gallery Dacthal Preen Scotts om Rout<br />

Crop <strong>Weed</strong>:<br />

6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat 6wat 16wat<br />

Ixeris dentata<br />

2 98 4 96 3 100 3 86 0 58<br />

Viola koreana<br />

Viola labradorica<br />

Oxalis ace10stella<br />

4<br />

16<br />

21<br />

86<br />

92<br />

100<br />

12<br />

31<br />

3<br />

92<br />

100<br />

100<br />

5<br />

6<br />

11<br />

98<br />

97<br />

100<br />

3<br />

4<br />

5<br />

81<br />

82<br />

100<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

62<br />

68<br />

100<br />

93

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