Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
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Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 54—2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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08.06.2015 Views

coolest month with a mean temperature of 20.2°C, while August is the warmest month averaging 28.4°C. Annual rainfall, generally a product of connective sea breezes, is 1169mm. Occasional tropical storms and hurricanes may produce heavy amounts of precipitation. Most of the rain falls during the summer. Frosts rarely occur at the Park!. GEOLOGY AND SOILS Biscayne Bay is a shallow-water estuary along the southeast coast of Florida ranging in depth from approximately one to three meters. An elongated ridge of Key Largo Limestone forms a border on the eastern boundary of the park. The soils on the Keys at Biscayne National Park are very shallow and are generally classified as Entisols. The underlying rock is porous Miami Oolite (Oolite limestone) of Pleistocene ortgin'. METHODS Collecting trips were madeto the park in January, February, July and December 1997 and February and June 1998. Objectives for each trip included the collection of voucher specimens and accumulation of information on abundance for each species. More than 500 specimens form the basis for this study. Taxonomically problematic specimens were sent to various experts for annotation. Voucher specimens have been deposited at the herbarium at Everglades National Park, Homestead, Florida; partial duplicate sets have been deposited in the herbaria of Brooklyn Botanic Gardens (BKL), University of Michigan (MICH), Missouri Botanical Gardens(MO), New York State Museum (NYS), University of South Florida (USF), Jim Montgomery's private herbarium (lM) and Fairchild Tropical Gardens (FrG). Accession numbers will be assigned by scientists at Everglades National Park, Homestead and will be available upon request from the National Park Service. Nomenclature generally follows Wunderlin". RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Eighty species, including cultivated plants, 21.1% of the flora, are not native to the region. These 80 species of naturalized exotics and cultivated species that have not escaped from cultivation are found within 35 families. The family with the greatest number of non-native species, 16, is the Poaceae. Other families containing a high number or high percent of nonnative plants are the Agavaceae, Arecaceae, Crassulaceae, Fabaceae, and Sapotaceae. The vascular flora of Biscayne National Park consists of 380 species within 261 genera and 92 families. The major families include the Poaceae (47 species), Asteraceae (40 species) and Fabaceae (37 species). Other large families are the Rubiaceae (13 species) and Malvaceae (10 species). Twenty three percent of the species comprising the total flora are contained in the Poaceae and Asteraceae. The largest genera are Tillandsia (7 species) and Chamaesyce (6 species). A summary of the Park's Flora is given in Table 1. Non-native species are a minor component of the natural vegetation and occur 70

principally in ruderal sites. lawns and along the edges of trails and roads. Several non-native plants, Schinus terebinthifolius, Casuarina eguisetifolia and Casuarina glauca pose a threat to the native species in the park". LITERATURE CITED I. Anonymous 1974. Climates of the United States. Vats. 1 and 2. Water Information Center, Port Washington, N.Y. 2. Austin, D. F, A. F. Cholewa, R. B. Lasiter, and B. F, Hansen. 1987. The Florida of John Kunkel Small: His species and types, collecting localities, bibliography and selected reprinted works. Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden, v.18. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 3. Myers, Ronald L. and John J. Ewell, eds. 1990. Ecosystems of Florida. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, FL. 4. Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainsville, FL. 806p. 71

principally in ruderal sites. lawns and along the edges of trails and roads. Several non-native<br />

plants, Schinus terebinthifolius, Casuarina eguisetifolia and Casuarina glauca pose a threat to the<br />

native species in the park".<br />

LITERATURE CITED<br />

I. Anonymous 1974. Climates of the United States. Vats. 1 and 2. Water Information Center,<br />

Port Washington, N.Y.<br />

2. Austin, D. F, A. F. Cholewa, R. B. Lasiter, and B. F, Hansen. 1987. The Florida of John<br />

Kunkel Small: His species and types, collecting localities, bibliography and selected<br />

reprinted works. Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden, v.18. New York<br />

Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.<br />

3. Myers, Ronald L. and John J. Ewell, eds. 1990. Ecosystems of Florida. University of Central<br />

Florida Press, Orlando, FL.<br />

4. Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida. University Press of Florida,<br />

Gainsville, FL. 806p.<br />

71

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