Vol. 54â2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 54â2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 54â2000 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
EFFECT OF HERBICIDE RATE, SEQUENTIAL HERBICIDE TREATMENT, AND MOWING ON MUGWORT CONTROL K. W. Bradley and E. S. Hagood ' ABSTRACT Three field trials were conducted during 1998 and repeated in 1999 to evaluate mugwort (Artemesia vulgaris L.) control with several herbicides and herbicide/mowing regimes. A logarithmicsprayerwas utilizedin the ftrstfield trialto determineherbiciderates thatprovide acceptablemugwortcontrol. Sequentialherbicidetreatments wereappliedto mugwortat 7-week intervals in the second field trial to evaluate mugwort control following one. two. and three herbicideapplications. In the thirdfield trial.the effect of sequentialmowing was investigated by applying herbicides to mugwort regrowth following either one or two mowings. The herbicides evaluated in all three field trials included 2,4-D amine, 2, 4-D ester, dicamba, triclopyr, clopyralid, picloram, metsulfuron, glyphosate, and glufosinate. Pelargonic acid was also evaluated as an addition to 2,4-D amine, glyphosate, and glufosinate in the logarithmic sprayer trial. In the logarithmic sprayer trial, all herbicides except for metsulfuron were evaluated at the rates of 8, 4, 2, I, 0.5, and 0.251b ai per acre. Metsulfuron was evaluated at an analogous rate range with the highest rate being 0.56 lb ai per acre. In the sequential herbicide and sequential mowing trials, 2,4-D amine, 2,4-D ester, and glyphosate were applied at 4.0 Ib ai per acre, triclopyr and dicarnba at 2.0 Ib ai per acre, glufosinate at 1.5 Ib ai per acre, picloram at 1.0 lb ai per acre, clopyraIid at 0.251b ai per acre, and metsu1furon at 0.Ql121b ai per acre. In the logarithmic sprayer trial, 100% control of mugwort was achieved with all rates of picloram during both years. In 1998, all rates of clopyralid provided greater than 95% control of mugwort. In 1999, however, slightly lower levels of control were observed at the 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 Ib clopyralid rates. The next highest level ofmugwort control was achieved with the 8, 4, and 2 lb glyphosate rates, which provided greater than 90% control in both years. Dicamba also provided greater then 90% mugwort control at the 8 lb rate during both years. All remaining herbicides generally provided unacceptable control of mugwort. Sequential herbicide treatment trials conducted during both years revealed that only one application of picloram was required to provide 100"10mugwort control. Additionally, two or three treatments of clopyralid or glyphosate did not significantly enhance mugwort control comparedto one applicationof these herbicides. In 1998. a secondapplicationof2.4-D amine, 2,4-D ester, dicarnba, or triclopyr significantly improved mugwort control, however a third application of any of these herbicides was not warranted. Mugwort control was also significantly improved with each additional application of glufosinate in 1998. In the sequentialmowingtrial.two mowingsdid not significantlyenhancemugwortcontrolin theclopyralid,dicamba,metsulfuron,picloram,ortriclopyrtreatmentsin eitheryear. In 1998, a second mugwort mowing significantly improved mugwort control in plots treated with 2, 4-D amine, 2, 4-D ester, glyphosate, and glufosinate. In 1999, however, the second mowing only enhanced mugwort control in plots treatedwith 2. 4pDester and glufosinate. 'Grad. Res. Asst., and Prof., Dept. of Plant Path., Phys., and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic lnst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA 24061 31
USING HERBICIDE RESISTANT HYBRIDS TO MANAGE BURCUCUMBER (SICYOS ANGULATUS) IN CORN. W.R. Esbenshadeand W.S. Currant ABSTRACT Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) is an annual climbing vine that is capable of germinating throughout a growing season, producing multiple flushes of seedIings from early May to August in Pennsylvania. Due to burcucumber's prolonged germination, it has been a difficult weed to control with conventional herbicide programs. The introduction of herbicide resistant hybrids may provide more effective control options for burcucumber. Experiments examining burcucwnber management in glufosinate resistant and imidazolinone resistant com (Zea mays L.) varieties were conducted in both 1997 and 1998 in southeastern Pennsylvania. A glufosinate resistant com variety wasplanted in 15 and 30 inch rows and POST treatments of glufosinate and glufosinate + atrazine were applied three and four weeks after planting. In another study. an imidazolinone resistant com variety was planted in 30 inch rows and fifteen PRE and POST herbicide programs were evaluated. Herbicide treatments included isoxaflutole, prosulfuron, simezine, imazethapyr + irnazapyr, imazamox, chlorimuron + thifensulfuron, nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron + atrazine, prosulfuron + primisulfuron, and combinations with atrazine. In both studies, weed density. control, and biomass, as well as crop yield were recorded. In the glufosinate tolerant com study, weekly counts of new burcucumber emergence were also noted. Burcucumber germinated throughout the growing season, with the greatest amount of emergence occurring in early June and gradually decreasing to minimal emergence numbers by the middle of July. In general, the PRE herbicide programs were less consistent in controlling burcucumber when compared to the POST programs. Several post emergence programs. such as imazethapyr + imazapyr and imazamox, were also ineffective in managing burcucumber. Chlorimuron + tbifensulfuron, nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron + atrazine, and prosulfuron + primisulfuron provided greater than 80% and 90% control of burcucumber in 1997 and 1998. respectively. Glufosinate provided effective early burcucumber control regardless of application timing or row spacing. however. it did allow new burcucumber emergence due to lack of residual control. The addition of atrazine to any herbicide program increased control in most situations. Row spacing had little effect on burcucumber emergence or control and appears to have little impact on burcucumber management in corn. 1 Grad. Res. Asst. and Assoc. Prof. Weed Sci., Dept. of Agron., The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802. 33
- Page 1 and 2: WEED REMOVAL TIMING WITH ROUNDUP RE
- Page 3 and 4: EFFECT OF HERBICIDE RATES AND IRRIG
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- Page 7 and 8: Comparisonof Sulfosateand Glyphosat
- Page 9 and 10: N 1175 feet Roundup Ready Studies R
- Page 11 and 12: VIRGINIA TECH'S ONLINE WEED IDENTIF
- Page 13 and 14: WEED CONTROL AND YIELD OF CUT FLOWE
- Page 15 and 16: Table I. Effect of napropamide and
- Page 17 and 18: The Effect of Total Postemergence H
- Page 19 and 20: with commercial fertilizer. In gene
- Page 21 and 22: HERBICIDE APPLICATIONS VERSUS HANDW
- Page 23 and 24: exceeded 4. The success of training
- Page 25 and 26: _u ____ Table2: Estimatesof herbace
- Page 27 and 28: DOUBLE CROP CORN WEED CONTROL IN VI
- Page 29 and 30: ANNUAL WEED AND GRASS CONTROL IN CO
- Page 31: MANAGING QUACKGRASSINFESTATIONSAS C
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- Page 37 and 38: GLYPHOSATE ALONE AND PRECEDED BY PR
- Page 39 and 40: ROUNDUPVS. LIBERTY:WHATHAVE WE LEAR
- Page 41 and 42: In summary, application timing for
- Page 43 and 44: INFLUENCE OF TIMING ON WEED MANAGEM
- Page 45 and 46: IMPACT OF GLYPHOSATE TIMING AND COR
- Page 47 and 48: PREEMERGENCE HERBICIDES INFLUENCE W
- Page 49 and 50: COMPARISON OF WEED CONTROL SYSTEMS
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- Page 53 and 54: SMALL GRAIN WEED CONTROL - NEW WEED
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- Page 65 and 66: 0... Figure1. GerminationRateof Roo
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- Page 71 and 72: principally in ruderal sites. lawns
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USING HERBICIDE RESISTANT HYBRIDS TO MANAGE BURCUCUMBER<br />
(SICYOS ANGULATUS) IN CORN.<br />
W.R. Esbenshadeand W.S. Currant<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) is an annual climbing vine that is capable of<br />
germinating throughout a growing season, producing multiple flushes of seedIings from<br />
early May to August in Pennsylvania. Due to burcucumber's prolonged germination, it<br />
has been a difficult weed to control with conventional herbicide programs. The<br />
introduction of herbicide resistant hybrids may provide more effective control options for<br />
burcucumber.<br />
Experiments examining burcucwnber management in glufosinate resistant and<br />
imidazolinone resistant com (Zea mays L.) varieties were conducted in both 1997 and<br />
1998 in southeastern Pennsylvania. A glufosinate resistant com variety wasplanted in 15<br />
and 30 inch rows and POST treatments of glufosinate and glufosinate + atrazine were<br />
applied three and four weeks after planting. In another study. an imidazolinone resistant<br />
com variety was planted in 30 inch rows and fifteen PRE and POST herbicide programs<br />
were evaluated. Herbicide treatments included isoxaflutole, prosulfuron, simezine,<br />
imazethapyr + irnazapyr, imazamox, chlorimuron + thifensulfuron, nicosulfuron +<br />
rimsulfuron + atrazine, prosulfuron + primisulfuron, and combinations with atrazine. In<br />
both studies, weed density. control, and biomass, as well as crop yield were recorded. In<br />
the glufosinate tolerant com study, weekly counts of new burcucumber emergence were<br />
also noted.<br />
Burcucumber germinated throughout the growing season, with the greatest<br />
amount of emergence occurring in early June and gradually decreasing to minimal<br />
emergence numbers by the middle of July. In general, the PRE herbicide programs were<br />
less consistent in controlling burcucumber when compared to the POST programs.<br />
Several post emergence programs. such as imazethapyr + imazapyr and imazamox, were<br />
also ineffective in managing burcucumber. Chlorimuron + tbifensulfuron, nicosulfuron +<br />
rimsulfuron + atrazine, and prosulfuron + primisulfuron provided greater than 80% and<br />
90% control of burcucumber in 1997 and 1998. respectively. Glufosinate provided<br />
effective early burcucumber control regardless of application timing or row spacing.<br />
however. it did allow new burcucumber emergence due to lack of residual control. The<br />
addition of atrazine to any herbicide program increased control in most situations. Row<br />
spacing had little effect on burcucumber emergence or control and appears to have little<br />
impact on burcucumber management in corn.<br />
1 Grad. Res. Asst. and Assoc. Prof. <strong>Weed</strong> Sci., Dept. of Agron., The Pennsylvania State<br />
University, University Park, PA 16802.<br />
33
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