Vol. 15—1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

Vol. 15—1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 15—1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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70. gives an average of data from the four tests. The treatments in each test were replicated four times, and the weed control averages were based on average quadrat counts of the four replicates in each experiment. TABLE 1. SUMMARYOF GRASS WEEDCONTROLAND TOMATOINJURY - -DiPhen~~d-t-A;e;age-p;r~e;t-c:n~r:1-I-A;erage-I;j:r; ;a~i;gY'- - - Lb/A I Grass Weeda!! I Tomatoes - -.­- - - - - -,­- -1­ - - - - - I 2 54 I 1.0 4 I 88 I 1.1 6 92 1.2 8 96 .I 1.7; .......... ­- - - - I, - - - - - - - _ ~ ~'I ......~ ......__ ..... '_ - - - - ..... ­ ......- ......­ - - 1/ Four we-eksafter treatment l/, InjUry Rating Scale: 1 • 4 • no injury, severe, 5 2 = slight, .. death of 3 plant = moderate, Broad1eat weec\ contX'ol was generally poorer than grass weed control, due chie.f1y,to the 'occaf;iona1 presence in the plots of Jimsonweed and ragweed, ,two species not. controlled by diphenamid. P~gweed, however, was satisfact.orily controlled in a1l trials at 6 Ib/A. Tomato yield data were collected in two t.ests. There was no depression in weight of ripe fruit at harvest. and, in fact., nonsignificant. increases in yields were obtained at the 4, 6, and 8 ~ rates. Other:Vegetable Crops -- Excellent results were obtained with .diphenamid in two vegetable crop tests. Table 2 give,s the results of one of these tests and Table 3 presents t.he responses of t.he crops tested to dipheaamid. TABLE 2. THE EFFECT OF DIPHENAMIDON GRASS AND BROADLEAF WEEDSIN VEGETABLECROPS - -R~t; ~i- Averag;; No: We;d,;jsq: 'Ftlr 'I :-A;e;age-Pe'r;e;t.-c~ntrol.!l Lb/A 'I' Grasses' 'Broadleaves I Grasses I Broadleaves ----~-----~~-~.~-~~---------------- 0'" I' 4107'\ ,

71.' TABLE 3. RESPONSE OF VEGETABLECROP SPECIES TO 8 LBIA OF DIPHENAMiD --------------_ .....-----------------­ I . Moderately Toleran" t Tolerant t Susceptible -- ..._........_...... - ..... _----- ....... -----------­ I t Green Peppers Turnips Cucumbers Red Beets & Lima Beans Radishes I Cabbage Spinach Peas Mustard Carrots t l. Cantaloupe ....... - - ...... _'_ - - - - - - _1- ...... • ..... • _ Forage Lesumes -- Alfalfa, red clover, crimson clover, Dutch white clover, Ladlno clover, birdsfoot trefoil, and Korean lespedeza were the crop plant~included in three pre-emergence field tests of diphenamid on forage legumes. Severe damage to the clovers occurred at rates as low as 2 lb/A. Alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, and Korean lespedeza were tolerant of 4 to 6 lb/A rates. Grass weed control was good at 4 Ib/A. Pigweed and lambsquarters were killed at 4 to 6 lb/A. Incorporation of diphenamid into the soil did not improve activity over surface application. Field Crops -- Two field crop experiments were conducted in which diphenamid was applied at 2, 4, and 8 lb/A. The field crops were alfalfa, soybeans, snapbeans, corn, sorghum, oats, sugar beets, and cotton. Of these, alfalfa, soybeans, snapbeans, sorghum, and cotton werp tolerant to diphenamid at rates through 8 lb/A. Good grass weed control was obtained at 4 lb/A. Broadleaf weed control was satisfactory at 4 to 8 lb/A in those plots in which pigweed and smartweed were the dominant broadleaf species. Mode of Action Diphenamid has no activity against non-germinating seeds. It is highly active against susceptible germinating seedlings. However, established plants of susceptible species can be severely damaged or killed by post-emergent application at higher levels. In a number of turf experiments it was found that rates of 20 lb/A of diphenamid granules completely killed turf grasses such as bluegrass, bentgrass, and Bermuda grass. Diphenamid is absorbed through the roots of susceptible plants and shows little or no contact foliar activity. In instances ~re susceptible plants have not been completely killed by the compounD, t.he roo t sy st.em is usually severely stunt.ed.

70.<br />

gives an average of data from the four tests. The treatments in<br />

each test were replicated four times, and the weed control averages<br />

were based on average quadrat counts of the four replicates in<br />

each experiment.<br />

TABLE 1.<br />

SUMMARYOF GRASS WEEDCONTROLAND TOMATOINJURY<br />

- -DiPhen~~d-t-A;e;age-p;r~e;t-c:n~r:1-I-A;erage-I;j:r; ;a~i;gY'-<br />

- -<br />

Lb/A I Grass <strong>Weed</strong>a!! I Tomatoes<br />

- -.­- - - - - -,­- -1­ - - - - -<br />

I<br />

2<br />

54<br />

I<br />

1.0<br />

4 I<br />

88<br />

I<br />

1.1<br />

6<br />

92<br />

1.2<br />

8<br />

96<br />

.I<br />

1.7;<br />

.......... ­- - - -<br />

I,<br />

- - - - - - -<br />

_ ~ ~'I ......~ ......__ ..... '_ - - - - ..... ­ ......- ......­ - -<br />

1/ Four we-eksafter treatment<br />

l/, InjUry Rating Scale: 1 •<br />

4 •<br />

no injury,<br />

severe, 5<br />

2 = slight,<br />

.. death of<br />

3<br />

plant = moderate,<br />

Broad1eat weec\ contX'ol was generally poorer than grass weed<br />

control, due chie.f1y,to the 'occaf;iona1 presence in the plots of<br />

Jimsonweed and ragweed, ,two species not. controlled by diphenamid.<br />

P~gweed, however, was satisfact.orily controlled in a1l trials at<br />

6 Ib/A. Tomato yield data were collected in two t.ests. There was<br />

no depression in weight of ripe fruit at harvest. and, in fact., nonsignificant.<br />

increases in yields were obtained at the 4, 6, and 8 ~<br />

rates.<br />

Other:Vegetable Crops -- Excellent results were obtained with<br />

.diphenamid in two vegetable crop tests. Table 2 give,s the results<br />

of one of these tests and Table 3 presents t.he responses of t.he<br />

crops tested to dipheaamid.<br />

TABLE 2.<br />

THE EFFECT OF DIPHENAMIDON GRASS AND BROADLEAF<br />

WEEDSIN VEGETABLECROPS<br />

- -R~t; ~i- Averag;; No: We;d,;jsq:<br />

'Ftlr 'I :-A;e;age-Pe'r;e;t.-c~ntrol.!l<br />

Lb/A 'I' Grasses' 'Broadleaves I Grasses I Broadleaves<br />

----~-----~~-~.~-~~----------------<br />

0'" I' 4107'\ ,

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