Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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enefit of those both us1ng the water and protecting the water. Such~program would:, aJ.:+owfor,9Ms1derable freedom ,of,movement by the, 1ndiv1dual, ~@.~ lAA,-,con~~1l~rat1on of' ~eglitlatory r6spons1 bilitywou:\.d be plaoe~,1p:;thf) l.ri~v1du,alas, much or, more than in the ~ta:te,or pt~e-r, h1gher eQh,~lons, of, government , (It would be a system without need of extensi ve ps'rmits and pre-treatment checking blgQver;nmGmt.;,JI,f3rf.l~e;l., -.a1~o f which is costly. cum berscae and ~~crQacheBup~,.ind1 vidua~ freedom.) , , CCNCLUSIQN; '. , .. ,. , In conel~~lon,: I."P\ll~.+ik.~to. emp~slze one 9;ther. related . and. impo:rtan~ :~h(>'P8ht ~tta(t we .sho\Ud keep,in mind while drawing up water st~Aa,ses.of pur :Life, not only econoenca.L and recreat1cnal,~ut ,'eVf:U~, ·pplltiq~... It lsa wis~: and fa:r-seeing gr,Q:Upwho,-can t.~e .1nto Q()n:B1dG~ation,~ ofthet1e ..aspects whil'e endeavoring to solve its own' specific. problemS. , . ,', !.~, ;":' , " '( r . '~. '--' , ,
CONSIDERATIONS REG.4RDIl\"G THEUSEOF AQUATHOL IN POTABLEWATERSHEDS H. L. Lindaberry The first consideration is -- what is Aquathol? As many of you inatten ~e-here may not follow aquatic weed control closely, I will try to give you a.brief background. Aquathol is the trade name for an organic contact herbicide. The active ingredient in this product is thedisodium salt of 3,6 endoxohexahydrophthalic acid, more commonly referred to as disodium endothal. Aquathol was developed for the control of various submerged and emergent aquatic weeds~8 well as for certain algae. The structural formula for disodium endothal :18: .~ . 1' 1C01l1a 1 ......I . CONa ""J/ II C The word endothal alone is the commonterm applied to the 3,6 endoxohexahydrophthalic acid. Disodium endothal 1s soluble in water to the extent of about 25% and also -- it is insoluble in most organic solvents. It is currently commercially available for use on red beets, sugar beets, spinach, turf, and for harvest aid uses, in addition to aquatic weed control. The two principle formulations commercially available for aquatics are the 2 lb. per gaL-; water solution of disodium endothal, sold under the trade name, Aguathol, and the 5% granular product impregnated on 8-16 mesh attapulgite clay, , available as Aguathol G. . The next consideration is -- why use Aquathol? Summarized) the reasons are: 1. Gives good control of many aquatic weeds. 2. Rapid disappearance. 3. 4. Wide margin of safety to fish and other aquatic Low chronic level of toxicity. fauna. 5. Relative safety to the applieato~ label are followed.) (1f directions on 6. Economy. 'To go into detail on the reasons that 1 have just summarized, first of all, Aquatbol controls many of the major aquatic weed problems found in the Eastern and Central United States. It is particularly effective against most potamogeton species, as well as milfeil, coontail, waterstar grass, Naias, duckweed) zannichellia, burrweed, and wild celery. As for algae control, good knockdown, especially on floating mats can generally be obtained, but in some instances where favorable conditions have been pr esent , regrowth has been a problem~ due to the ShOTt T'asidual acHt")"Cl' of disodium endothal.
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THE USE OF VEGETATIVECHARACTERISTIC
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In a few grasses with smooth sheath
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5. FACTORSINFLUEUCINGTHE PERFORFANC
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7. The introduction of synthetic or
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The com;onents the distribution of
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grains. We early found that the oat
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13. Atrazine Days following cpm/O.
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15. not find an abundant production
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Weed Control In Suburbia 1 Howard H
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For establishing new lawns, I would
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Any improvement that you can make i
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PROMISINGNEWCHEMICALSFORWEEDCONTROL
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25. Promis ins results have also be
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27. (Lycbnis alba), cinquefoil (Pot
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THE EFFECTS OF ADDED PENETRANT AIDS
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... Surfactant Produced bz: . 31
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33. 33. of scintillation solution,
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Table 3. The Net Counts Per Minute
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The comparisons for lower leaves, s
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39. SUMMARY Tests using 2-C 14-1abe
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41. RECENTDEVELOPMENTS IN THEUSE OF
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second application be made not late
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45. Combinations of vegadex-Randox
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11/ Persistence of Soil-Incorporate
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Plot size varied from 9 sq. ft. to
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Lower rates of R-1856 were tested o
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greenhouse tests are listed below.
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PROGRESSREPORTON LAY-BYUEEDCONTROLI
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57. Table 1. Effect of sodium silic
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Sheets (1959) studied, under labora
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M, ',. • • •• • " ' Treat
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Figure 1. Relative performance trea
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A duplicate test was started August
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67. "he two tests which dealt with
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69. CONTROLOF WEEDSIN VEGETABLECROP
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71.' TABLE 3. RESPONSE OF VEGETABLE
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73. COHBIltit.TloNS' OF cnu:'PITH C
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75. Results The delay in applicatio
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77. Summary Logarithmic, tank-mixed
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(' ( ( Table 1 Rates and Dates of H
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( ( ( Table 3 Effect of Post-Tran~l
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( ( ( Table 5 Effect of Lay-By Herb
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Chemical Weed Control Charles J. No
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Table I. Weed control, plant stand,
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Table 1 - Table Beets Pre-plant; Pr
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91. Chemical Weed Control in Onions
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93. Table I. l;ced control, plant s
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95. Results Survey Table I of Hando
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97. Weed counts were made 3 weeks a
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99. Third applications were made on
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1t1. ~ata - Onion stand counts, wee
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The data in table 2 gives the signi
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The following effects were noted. 1
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PRE-fREATINGSOILS, APOSSIBLE.TECfiN
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· 109. Table 2. The influence of d
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..... 11 ... - Progress Report on W
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113. fndothal as a pre-planting inc
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115~ Table 3. Mean markebab l.e 9£
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1170 Chemical Weed Control Charles
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119. Table I .. Weed contrOl! plant
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121. '- The stand of plants of bo
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123. Table II. Weed control stand a
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EFFECTOF SEVERALHERBICIDESONEARLYYI
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Table 2. Calcula.ted ecre yields of
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129. - Treatment Average weight per
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-- The herbicides were applied on J
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133. Table 2. Effect of pre-plant h
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- 135. Dim tro for Weed Control in
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PJ,OORESSREPORT:ON.:WEEJhCGNTROL IN
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- Simazine 2 and 2 1/2 lb./A and at
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141. Results - .l2.22 Table 2 shows
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- !!!! Applications 143. The plots
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145. Conclusions ADexperiment carri
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147. Residual herbicide activity wa
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- Table 1. Herbicides and Rates Use
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~ __ ( ( ( Table 3. WeedControl on
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153. TreatiD§ Established Hemlock
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155. flowering and growth in the sp
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157. Table 2. Pansy Weed Control (P
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1590 Table 3. Herbicides Used on Tu
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------- -------------_._------ ..
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'. 163. In .Table 3 Co.mpariS01'U$
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1.65. "'-" Ia.!!l.! ! __!ind_a!!,d_
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167. Maleic Hydrazide for Weed Cont
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169. 1. Dana, M. N. Sensitive Fern
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171. -' Table 1. Amino triazole res
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1730 Additiona! apple .,samples wer
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more consistently effective than 5
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177. HUBICIDES roll YOUNGAPPLE TUES
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--. Table I. Treatments No. Materia
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Table 1 -Effect of Granular Formula
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iss. BVAWATIONor rIVE HEIBICIDES 10
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PROGRESSREPORT'ON WEEDCONTROL IN CA
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"'- Table' 1. Herbicide,s Used inCa
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189. Tabl\7 5. Rating ot BroodIest
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WEEDGONTROLIN SWBE:rCORNWITHDACTHAL
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D. FlantinB A!Plication of Thiolcar
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Table 2. Rainfall, Monmouth, Maine
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197. Table 4. rercent> Broadlear We
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1-. . " Table 6. Percent Broad1eaf
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'\) 0' ,.... • ( ( ( Table 9. Y
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ANNUALWEEDCONTROLIN POTATOESWITHDNB
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·205. Percen t Woad Can trol ·196
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, r t"
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Table 5. Annual Broadleaf Weed Cont
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211. Table 9. Effect of fast-Emerge
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2130 Conclusion There are quite a n
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SOMERESEARCHANDWEEDCONTROL METHODS
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-- ,,"I. ,'~; "... TABLEII. EFFECTO
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( ( ( - -~. , ~ ._w ~~ "PlOOl:tB21.
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'-~ With respect to asparagus. howe
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, 1 ,WEEDCONTROLIN ClaTAIN VlGBTABL
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225 • r '.,':' .TABU: ~~ ... ,WEE
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227 • . TABLEIV' -' WEED CONTROJ.
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2290 'of.' .'J • ~ : ~. ... :.' "
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231. Conclusions The results publis
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possibility of too severe thinning
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PRE-EMERGENCEWEEDCONTROLTN ceRN s,
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INCORPORATED ANDUNINCORPORATED·LIQ
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( ( ( Table 1. Weed Control Ratings
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at both weed rating dates at Newark
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DNBP - Zytron Mixture for Weed Cont
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~ •• 245. ·Res~1~8 fr.o.George
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247. Weed Control in Soybeans with
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249, EFFECTOF HERBICIDESONSEEDPRODU
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251. TABLE3. EFFECTSOF APPLICATIONS
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253. almost a week, with treatment
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( ( ( , Table 1. Effects of Various
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Table 3. anal.ysi.s of Soil l,esidu
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Results and Discussion ;llien the f
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4. Immediate treattlent injury to t
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( ( ( Table n. :'.!:sti.Jl'ated.'er
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have very littla real II'+eaningas
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267. Table 2. Pre-emergence crabgra
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269 • ..., : Table 1.. 1960, Rain
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271. Chlordane must be used at rate
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u • 2 ( ( ( t Table 3. Effect of
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275. Table 5. Effect. of preemergen
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277. In one area, the old turf was
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279. following application. The hig
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2$1. The standard date of applicati
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Table 2. Effect of season of applyi
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L 1-l34B9 ,Jiphenyllactelonitrile o
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287. Halts F-24, Halts F-26, Halts
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POST-.EJ.iEhGENCE CONThOLOF CIiABGI
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,veedone at 4 pounds of tL.cl per a
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( ( ( Table I. Post-Emergence Contr
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• •• ., .. • •• ',' •
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297. compatible with grub-proofing
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299, Diphenatrile Results During th
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301. tentative generic name triflur
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- 1 PRE-ENERGENCE CRABGRASS CONTROL
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Discussion 30; • a) Pre-emergence
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307. TABLEI -- Comparison of Produc
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-' Table II (can't) 309. Stand of S
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312. THEEFFECTIVENESSOF COMBINATION
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314. Table 2. Stand Counts and Sile
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316. planted control before these h
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Table II. The control of quackgrass
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320. growing season in the 1957-59
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322. Table I Main Effects of Cultur
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324. Atrazine by September 10 when
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326. Another effect of Atrazine tha
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32S. Amitrol-T was intermediate in
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Qolumn Separation: Cellulose. A 24
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332, Figure -I. Chromatogram of qua
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334. PRELIMINARYRESULTSONTHE USE OF
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336. DATEOF BERRYHARVESTAS IT AFFEC
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within three inches of the soIl sur
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340 .. The growth ra.te of Horse ne
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342. dish containing ten seeds bet\
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344. is not a factor in in It is
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346 • .Absornt:j.Qn Qn Exchange R
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348. The' chrona tog ram."WaS first
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350. PROGRESSREPORTON A STUDYOF THE
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352. 7. Fluctuating warm and cold w
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354. A clos.e correlation was found
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356. 1 THE ANATOMICAL NATUREO:BTHE
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358. The 2,4,5-TP was most effectiv
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Table I. Effect. of Pre-emergence T
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INTRODUCIIOB: THEEFFECTOF WEEDCOMPE
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1";. 1958 JFab1e I (cont ' d) Treat
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366. fiE USE OF FENACFOR QUACKGRASS
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36$. SUMMARY: Based on a I).umber o
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- Table 1. Chemicals and Rates Used
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372. On spring plowed plots I where
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Table 1. Treat.ments Used and Stand
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37t. PRELIMINARYRESULTSONTHE CONTRO
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378. CHEMICAL TREATMENTS FORTHECONT
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Table ;. Visual RatiDgs and Stand C
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ANN11AL WEEDCONTROL IN SILAGECORN1
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TABLEI. field Corn tiead Control an
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Sunderiand,' Mass..Experiment: In t
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) ) BBLB I. QuackgT88S Control in F
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TABLEIII. Quackgr888 Control in Fie
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392. herbicides. In senerel."we.had
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394. RESULTS§e PISCUSSION In Augus
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396. WHATHAPPENS TO PHENOXYHERBICID
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D. TASTEAND ODORSTUDIES Taste and o
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herbicides produces aquantit.at.ive
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4('2. • A DECADEOF BRUSHCONl'ROL
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areas, fre1.uently the crews l'UIrL
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406. During June and July 1959 a pr
Page 408 and 409:
408. Numerous chemicals have been u
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" A Progress Report on Urab * Brush
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412.
Page 414 and 415:
414. Urab is an effective chemical
Page 416 and 417:
416. application. Atrazine has a wa
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418. COMPARISONOF TECHNIQUESANDSPEC
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Table I - Results of chemicals appl
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422. Results and Discussion Data fr
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424. THE CONNECTICUT ARBORETUM RIGH
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426. (Kalmia angustifolia) ,huckleb
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42$. TABLEI (cont'd.) Technique For
Page 430 and 431: 43". by Leonard and Crafts (15) mos
Page 432 and 433: 432. awareness of the need for good
Page 434 and 435: 434. RECOMMENDAT:I"'NS FOR THE USE
Page 436 and 437: 436. The recommended materials for
Page 438 and 439: 438. NATURALANDSCAJ:'ING WITHHERBIC
Page 440 and 441: 440. STATEHIGHWAYHERBICIDE POLICIES
Page 442 and 443: 442. There is a matter of judgment
Page 444 and 445: 444. DATAON STATEHIGHWAYHERBICIDE P
Page 446 and 447: 446. ROADSIDEBRUSHCONTROLWIM PHENOX
Page 448 and 449: 446. Spraying begins in Connecticut
Page 450 and 451: Basal applications can be applied e
Page 452 and 453: 452. UMASSACHUSETTS PROGRESSREPORTO
Page 454 and 455: 45,4. Again, since the solution is
Page 456 and 457: 456. Statistics In 1959, the low bi
Page 458 and 459: 458. formation of seed heads. It wa
Page 460 and 461: 460. In our northern division, we c
Page 462 and 463: 462. '. 1. A. 200 ga'l Lons of' wat
Page 464 and 465: METHODSOF SMIJPLING RAG.hfEED POLLS
Page 466 and 467: counted. ThJ grqins m~y ba st~inad
Page 468 and 469: 468. slide moved across the orifi~e
Page 470 and 471: 470. INTERIMREPORTONAQUATICWEEDCONT
Page 472 and 473: ,.' f'inal retJuJ.t was that the us
Page 474 and 475: 474. taste and odor problems. The a
Page 476 and 477: 476. AQUATIC'J1ElID.CONTJ3.,OL '65~
Page 478 and 479: 478. For example: Imagine, if you:
Page 482 and 483: • • of ,-, "",jqc. '\:':' ',:,;
Page 484 and 485: ~ '. r; I ' ':'.' ~, ',;' '.'. 1·"
Page 486 and 487: 486. weeds increased the food 4.3 t
Page 488 and 489: ..; . " .," .. ,', oontro..lbe ·oo
Page 490 and 491: 490. Idee1ly these woUld coVer' foo
Page 492 and 493: 4')2. Literatm-o Cit~: Biolog:$,cal
Page 494 and 495: 494. SYSt.:Clil ..:ne sp:aying cont
Page 496 and 497: 496. 0ll'l;ljing, &hluL ..l V,~l"Y
Page 498 and 499: etween our sprayine=. operatdons an
Page 500 and 501: 500. loblolly pine existed iii quat
Page 502 and 503: 502. 'j' " Using results for all ou
Page 504 and 505: cut over several year. ,b.elozoe.·
Page 506 and 507: 506. HARJJ.rlOOD CONTROL WITHMIST B
Page 508 and 509: 508. distance was achieved. All sub
Page 510 and 511: 510. Hardwood oontrol within the li
Page 512 and 513: • J ". 512. ~ ., and the weather
Page 514 and 515: ) ) ) '.. . . hble). EffectbeneBB o
Page 516 and 517: 516. HERBICIDf;TECHNIQUE.:> ,FORTn-
Page 518 and 519: 518. The possibility o:rusing contr
Page 520 and 521: 520 • . However, the capacity of
Page 522 and 523: 522. This is followed by planting i
Page 524 and 525: 524. AQJJATICWEEDCONTROLANDRELATEDP
Page 526 and 527: 526. findings we increased the amou
Page 528 and 529: 52e. There is a constant reinfectio
Page 530 and 531:
530. in 1960 the Potamogeton re-app
Page 532 and 533:
532. PROGRESSREPORT ON THE FIELD TE
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534. It· was tht.;n necessary to d
Page 536 and 537:
536. l.qunlin Hcrbici(.l(; pr-ove-d
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;538. P.EFEP..ENCES 1. ijOSCIlETTI,
Page 540 and 541:
540. The oontrol plot was ohosen so
Page 542 and 543:
542. The dissolved oxygen content r
Page 544 and 545:
544. Summary 1. Six experimental pl
Page 546 and 547:
546. A PRELIMINARYREPORTON THE EFFE
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that either slow chemical hydrolysi
Page 550 and 551:
550. In July of 1959 funds were mad
Page 552 and 553:
552. The barge was run at ~ speed o
Page 554 and 555:
554. areas successfully treated in
Page 556 and 557:
556. pick~rel spawning suacess but
Page 558 and 559:
Control of the Pondweed. Potamogeto
Page 560 and 561:
560. THE ABSORPTIONANDMETABOLISMOF
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562. in controlling weeds in ponds
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CommonName WEEDSCONTROLLED ANDAQUAT
Page 566 and 567:
566. PROGRESS-R!PORT·ON CONTltOLOF
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568. Herbicides used for these stud
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570. StHtARy Invasion of Eurasian v
Page 572 and 573:
AUTHORINDEX(continued) ~ King, -Ken
Page 574 and 575:
S/I/pg.2 Dinitro (DNOSBP) •• 11
Page 576:
S/I/4 SUBJECTINDEX{corrt Lnued ) S/
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Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society