Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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424. THE CONNECTICUT ARBORETUM RIGHT-OF-WAYDEI10NSTRATION AREA- ITS ROLEIN COMMENCIAL APPLICATION. William A. Nieri.ngl Introduction With th:e introduction of herbicides, a new technique has become available in the management of vegetation on rights-of.way, It "'Tasin the light of this development that the Right.of-way Demonstration Area was set up in 1953 on a 1500 1 > sector of a utili tq easement that crosses the Arbor etum •. Since its establishment the vegetation has been manipulated with :vari
- The managementprooedures reco~nded are based on sound ecological ,t-1rinciples as revealed by the published literature (7,,8,,9) a.nd are in actual commercial praotioe by the more progressive utilities and state Forestry Depar:t~nts (lO/ll). In the oommunities represented, three slightly different,management procedures are required to produce a,dosivable vegetation pattern. (1) Central part of rgght-of-W!\y'.t directly under! the wires. All tallgrowing trees whio might eventually grow or fall into the lines are removed. Low-growing shrubs and seattered taller shrubs are preserved, In general, shrubs tha.t eventually grow over 3 1 in height should be removed if they occur in large colonies which spread over the ground for distances of 25 t or more. A trail 8 10 1 in width, prefera.bly oomposed of grasses, should be maintained in order to permit access for inspection and repair. A similar pattern is reoommendodaround the bases of poles and towers. (2) The sides of the right-of-waX, between the outermost wires and the forest edge. TaIl-growing trees which might eventually grow or fall into the lines are removed. Therefore, along the sides all shrubs and low-growing trees are preserved to form the densest possible cover so as to resist future invasion by trees. (3) Forest e e adjacent to the right-of-w .. Here tall-growing trees are remove e ore they reach the ed.gh of the wires. This eliminates the danger of trees falling into the wires and avoids costly cutting operations 111the future. The pattern created is a V or valley-like effect in which only low vegetation persists in the center of the right-of-way with taller growth along the edges on both sides. Nature of the Vegetation 'Vilhenestablished in 1953, two distinct cover types--shrubland and sprout-hardwoods--were recognized. The former, covering one-third of the line, was dominated by dense thickets of greenbrier and sawbrier (Smilax rotundifolia, §.. slauca) and sumac (~ copallina) interspersed with other shrubs and tree growth. The more commontrees included red maple (AceI' rubrum) and black cherry (Prunus serotina). Herbaceous cover was limited to occasional openings. In the sprout-hardwoods type an upland and lowland phase was recognized. In the former, various oaks--white, scarlet, red and black (Querous alba, 9.. cocoinea, 9,. rubra, 9,. velutina) along with black birch (Betula len:ta) we~e dominant, while in the wetter areas, red maple was most common. Other trees on the line included hickory (Carya sPPJ, aspen (Populus spp), gray birch (Betula .populifolia), tulip (Liriodendron tulipifera), sassafras (s,assafras albidum), wh:te ash (FlllQd.nusamericana). In some areas shrub growth was soattered; in other sections it formed continuous cover. 425. In surveying the easement, over forty species of desirable shrubs and low-growing trees were. found. Amongthose shrubs most frequently encountel'en __ - which do not grow over 3' in height and are permissible w~ver they occur . on the right-oi-way, are sweet fern (Comptonia peregrina). sheep lanrel
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THE USE OF VEGETATIVECHARACTERISTIC
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In a few grasses with smooth sheath
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5. FACTORSINFLUEUCINGTHE PERFORFANC
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7. The introduction of synthetic or
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The com;onents the distribution of
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grains. We early found that the oat
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13. Atrazine Days following cpm/O.
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15. not find an abundant production
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Weed Control In Suburbia 1 Howard H
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For establishing new lawns, I would
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Any improvement that you can make i
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PROMISINGNEWCHEMICALSFORWEEDCONTROL
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25. Promis ins results have also be
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27. (Lycbnis alba), cinquefoil (Pot
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THE EFFECTS OF ADDED PENETRANT AIDS
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... Surfactant Produced bz: . 31
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33. 33. of scintillation solution,
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Table 3. The Net Counts Per Minute
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The comparisons for lower leaves, s
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39. SUMMARY Tests using 2-C 14-1abe
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41. RECENTDEVELOPMENTS IN THEUSE OF
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second application be made not late
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45. Combinations of vegadex-Randox
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11/ Persistence of Soil-Incorporate
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Plot size varied from 9 sq. ft. to
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Lower rates of R-1856 were tested o
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greenhouse tests are listed below.
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PROGRESSREPORTON LAY-BYUEEDCONTROLI
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57. Table 1. Effect of sodium silic
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Sheets (1959) studied, under labora
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M, ',. • • •• • " ' Treat
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Figure 1. Relative performance trea
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A duplicate test was started August
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67. "he two tests which dealt with
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69. CONTROLOF WEEDSIN VEGETABLECROP
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71.' TABLE 3. RESPONSE OF VEGETABLE
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73. COHBIltit.TloNS' OF cnu:'PITH C
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75. Results The delay in applicatio
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77. Summary Logarithmic, tank-mixed
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(' ( ( Table 1 Rates and Dates of H
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( ( ( Table 3 Effect of Post-Tran~l
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( ( ( Table 5 Effect of Lay-By Herb
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Chemical Weed Control Charles J. No
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Table I. Weed control, plant stand,
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Table 1 - Table Beets Pre-plant; Pr
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91. Chemical Weed Control in Onions
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93. Table I. l;ced control, plant s
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95. Results Survey Table I of Hando
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97. Weed counts were made 3 weeks a
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99. Third applications were made on
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1t1. ~ata - Onion stand counts, wee
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The data in table 2 gives the signi
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The following effects were noted. 1
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PRE-fREATINGSOILS, APOSSIBLE.TECfiN
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· 109. Table 2. The influence of d
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..... 11 ... - Progress Report on W
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113. fndothal as a pre-planting inc
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115~ Table 3. Mean markebab l.e 9£
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1170 Chemical Weed Control Charles
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119. Table I .. Weed contrOl! plant
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121. '- The stand of plants of bo
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123. Table II. Weed control stand a
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EFFECTOF SEVERALHERBICIDESONEARLYYI
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Table 2. Calcula.ted ecre yields of
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129. - Treatment Average weight per
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-- The herbicides were applied on J
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133. Table 2. Effect of pre-plant h
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- 135. Dim tro for Weed Control in
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PJ,OORESSREPORT:ON.:WEEJhCGNTROL IN
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- Simazine 2 and 2 1/2 lb./A and at
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141. Results - .l2.22 Table 2 shows
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- !!!! Applications 143. The plots
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145. Conclusions ADexperiment carri
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147. Residual herbicide activity wa
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- Table 1. Herbicides and Rates Use
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~ __ ( ( ( Table 3. WeedControl on
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153. TreatiD§ Established Hemlock
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155. flowering and growth in the sp
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157. Table 2. Pansy Weed Control (P
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1590 Table 3. Herbicides Used on Tu
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------- -------------_._------ ..
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'. 163. In .Table 3 Co.mpariS01'U$
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1.65. "'-" Ia.!!l.! ! __!ind_a!!,d_
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167. Maleic Hydrazide for Weed Cont
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169. 1. Dana, M. N. Sensitive Fern
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171. -' Table 1. Amino triazole res
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1730 Additiona! apple .,samples wer
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more consistently effective than 5
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177. HUBICIDES roll YOUNGAPPLE TUES
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--. Table I. Treatments No. Materia
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Table 1 -Effect of Granular Formula
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iss. BVAWATIONor rIVE HEIBICIDES 10
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PROGRESSREPORT'ON WEEDCONTROL IN CA
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"'- Table' 1. Herbicide,s Used inCa
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189. Tabl\7 5. Rating ot BroodIest
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WEEDGONTROLIN SWBE:rCORNWITHDACTHAL
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D. FlantinB A!Plication of Thiolcar
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Table 2. Rainfall, Monmouth, Maine
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197. Table 4. rercent> Broadlear We
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1-. . " Table 6. Percent Broad1eaf
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'\) 0' ,.... • ( ( ( Table 9. Y
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ANNUALWEEDCONTROLIN POTATOESWITHDNB
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·205. Percen t Woad Can trol ·196
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, r t"
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Table 5. Annual Broadleaf Weed Cont
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211. Table 9. Effect of fast-Emerge
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2130 Conclusion There are quite a n
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SOMERESEARCHANDWEEDCONTROL METHODS
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-- ,,"I. ,'~; "... TABLEII. EFFECTO
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( ( ( - -~. , ~ ._w ~~ "PlOOl:tB21.
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'-~ With respect to asparagus. howe
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, 1 ,WEEDCONTROLIN ClaTAIN VlGBTABL
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225 • r '.,':' .TABU: ~~ ... ,WEE
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227 • . TABLEIV' -' WEED CONTROJ.
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2290 'of.' .'J • ~ : ~. ... :.' "
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231. Conclusions The results publis
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possibility of too severe thinning
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PRE-EMERGENCEWEEDCONTROLTN ceRN s,
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INCORPORATED ANDUNINCORPORATED·LIQ
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( ( ( Table 1. Weed Control Ratings
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at both weed rating dates at Newark
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DNBP - Zytron Mixture for Weed Cont
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~ •• 245. ·Res~1~8 fr.o.George
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247. Weed Control in Soybeans with
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249, EFFECTOF HERBICIDESONSEEDPRODU
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251. TABLE3. EFFECTSOF APPLICATIONS
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253. almost a week, with treatment
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( ( ( , Table 1. Effects of Various
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Table 3. anal.ysi.s of Soil l,esidu
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Results and Discussion ;llien the f
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4. Immediate treattlent injury to t
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( ( ( Table n. :'.!:sti.Jl'ated.'er
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have very littla real II'+eaningas
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267. Table 2. Pre-emergence crabgra
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269 • ..., : Table 1.. 1960, Rain
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271. Chlordane must be used at rate
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u • 2 ( ( ( t Table 3. Effect of
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275. Table 5. Effect. of preemergen
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277. In one area, the old turf was
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279. following application. The hig
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2$1. The standard date of applicati
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Table 2. Effect of season of applyi
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L 1-l34B9 ,Jiphenyllactelonitrile o
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287. Halts F-24, Halts F-26, Halts
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POST-.EJ.iEhGENCE CONThOLOF CIiABGI
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,veedone at 4 pounds of tL.cl per a
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( ( ( Table I. Post-Emergence Contr
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• •• ., .. • •• ',' •
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297. compatible with grub-proofing
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299, Diphenatrile Results During th
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301. tentative generic name triflur
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- 1 PRE-ENERGENCE CRABGRASS CONTROL
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Discussion 30; • a) Pre-emergence
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307. TABLEI -- Comparison of Produc
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-' Table II (can't) 309. Stand of S
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312. THEEFFECTIVENESSOF COMBINATION
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314. Table 2. Stand Counts and Sile
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316. planted control before these h
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Table II. The control of quackgrass
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320. growing season in the 1957-59
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322. Table I Main Effects of Cultur
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324. Atrazine by September 10 when
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326. Another effect of Atrazine tha
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32S. Amitrol-T was intermediate in
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Qolumn Separation: Cellulose. A 24
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332, Figure -I. Chromatogram of qua
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334. PRELIMINARYRESULTSONTHE USE OF
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336. DATEOF BERRYHARVESTAS IT AFFEC
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within three inches of the soIl sur
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340 .. The growth ra.te of Horse ne
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342. dish containing ten seeds bet\
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344. is not a factor in in It is
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346 • .Absornt:j.Qn Qn Exchange R
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348. The' chrona tog ram."WaS first
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350. PROGRESSREPORTON A STUDYOF THE
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352. 7. Fluctuating warm and cold w
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354. A clos.e correlation was found
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356. 1 THE ANATOMICAL NATUREO:BTHE
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358. The 2,4,5-TP was most effectiv
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Table I. Effect. of Pre-emergence T
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INTRODUCIIOB: THEEFFECTOF WEEDCOMPE
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1";. 1958 JFab1e I (cont ' d) Treat
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366. fiE USE OF FENACFOR QUACKGRASS
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36$. SUMMARY: Based on a I).umber o
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- Table 1. Chemicals and Rates Used
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372. On spring plowed plots I where
Page 374 and 375: Table 1. Treat.ments Used and Stand
Page 376 and 377: 37t. PRELIMINARYRESULTSONTHE CONTRO
Page 378 and 379: 378. CHEMICAL TREATMENTS FORTHECONT
Page 380 and 381: Table ;. Visual RatiDgs and Stand C
Page 382 and 383: ANN11AL WEEDCONTROL IN SILAGECORN1
Page 384 and 385: TABLEI. field Corn tiead Control an
Page 386 and 387: Sunderiand,' Mass..Experiment: In t
Page 388 and 389: ) ) BBLB I. QuackgT88S Control in F
Page 390 and 391: TABLEIII. Quackgr888 Control in Fie
Page 392 and 393: 392. herbicides. In senerel."we.had
Page 394 and 395: 394. RESULTS§e PISCUSSION In Augus
Page 396 and 397: 396. WHATHAPPENS TO PHENOXYHERBICID
Page 398 and 399: D. TASTEAND ODORSTUDIES Taste and o
Page 400 and 401: herbicides produces aquantit.at.ive
Page 402 and 403: 4('2. • A DECADEOF BRUSHCONl'ROL
Page 404 and 405: areas, fre1.uently the crews l'UIrL
Page 406 and 407: 406. During June and July 1959 a pr
Page 408 and 409: 408. Numerous chemicals have been u
Page 410 and 411: " A Progress Report on Urab * Brush
Page 412 and 413: 412.
Page 414 and 415: 414. Urab is an effective chemical
Page 416 and 417: 416. application. Atrazine has a wa
Page 418 and 419: 418. COMPARISONOF TECHNIQUESANDSPEC
Page 420 and 421: Table I - Results of chemicals appl
Page 422 and 423: 422. Results and Discussion Data fr
Page 426 and 427: 426. (Kalmia angustifolia) ,huckleb
Page 428 and 429: 42$. TABLEI (cont'd.) Technique For
Page 430 and 431: 43". by Leonard and Crafts (15) mos
Page 432 and 433: 432. awareness of the need for good
Page 434 and 435: 434. RECOMMENDAT:I"'NS FOR THE USE
Page 436 and 437: 436. The recommended materials for
Page 438 and 439: 438. NATURALANDSCAJ:'ING WITHHERBIC
Page 440 and 441: 440. STATEHIGHWAYHERBICIDE POLICIES
Page 442 and 443: 442. There is a matter of judgment
Page 444 and 445: 444. DATAON STATEHIGHWAYHERBICIDE P
Page 446 and 447: 446. ROADSIDEBRUSHCONTROLWIM PHENOX
Page 448 and 449: 446. Spraying begins in Connecticut
Page 450 and 451: Basal applications can be applied e
Page 452 and 453: 452. UMASSACHUSETTS PROGRESSREPORTO
Page 454 and 455: 45,4. Again, since the solution is
Page 456 and 457: 456. Statistics In 1959, the low bi
Page 458 and 459: 458. formation of seed heads. It wa
Page 460 and 461: 460. In our northern division, we c
Page 462 and 463: 462. '. 1. A. 200 ga'l Lons of' wat
Page 464 and 465: METHODSOF SMIJPLING RAG.hfEED POLLS
Page 466 and 467: counted. ThJ grqins m~y ba st~inad
Page 468 and 469: 468. slide moved across the orifi~e
Page 470 and 471: 470. INTERIMREPORTONAQUATICWEEDCONT
Page 472 and 473: ,.' f'inal retJuJ.t was that the us
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474. taste and odor problems. The a
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476. AQUATIC'J1ElID.CONTJ3.,OL '65~
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478. For example: Imagine, if you:
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enefit of those both us1ng the wate
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• • of ,-, "",jqc. '\:':' ',:,;
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~ '. r; I ' ':'.' ~, ',;' '.'. 1·"
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486. weeds increased the food 4.3 t
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..; . " .," .. ,', oontro..lbe ·oo
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490. Idee1ly these woUld coVer' foo
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4')2. Literatm-o Cit~: Biolog:$,cal
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494. SYSt.:Clil ..:ne sp:aying cont
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496. 0ll'l;ljing, &hluL ..l V,~l"Y
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etween our sprayine=. operatdons an
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500. loblolly pine existed iii quat
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502. 'j' " Using results for all ou
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cut over several year. ,b.elozoe.·
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506. HARJJ.rlOOD CONTROL WITHMIST B
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508. distance was achieved. All sub
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510. Hardwood oontrol within the li
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• J ". 512. ~ ., and the weather
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) ) ) '.. . . hble). EffectbeneBB o
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516. HERBICIDf;TECHNIQUE.:> ,FORTn-
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518. The possibility o:rusing contr
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520 • . However, the capacity of
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522. This is followed by planting i
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524. AQJJATICWEEDCONTROLANDRELATEDP
Page 526 and 527:
526. findings we increased the amou
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52e. There is a constant reinfectio
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530. in 1960 the Potamogeton re-app
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532. PROGRESSREPORT ON THE FIELD TE
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534. It· was tht.;n necessary to d
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536. l.qunlin Hcrbici(.l(; pr-ove-d
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;538. P.EFEP..ENCES 1. ijOSCIlETTI,
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540. The oontrol plot was ohosen so
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542. The dissolved oxygen content r
Page 544 and 545:
544. Summary 1. Six experimental pl
Page 546 and 547:
546. A PRELIMINARYREPORTON THE EFFE
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that either slow chemical hydrolysi
Page 550 and 551:
550. In July of 1959 funds were mad
Page 552 and 553:
552. The barge was run at ~ speed o
Page 554 and 555:
554. areas successfully treated in
Page 556 and 557:
556. pick~rel spawning suacess but
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Control of the Pondweed. Potamogeto
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560. THE ABSORPTIONANDMETABOLISMOF
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562. in controlling weeds in ponds
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CommonName WEEDSCONTROLLED ANDAQUAT
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566. PROGRESS-R!PORT·ON CONTltOLOF
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568. Herbicides used for these stud
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570. StHtARy Invasion of Eurasian v
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AUTHORINDEX(continued) ~ King, -Ken
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S/I/pg.2 Dinitro (DNOSBP) •• 11
Page 576:
S/I/4 SUBJECTINDEX{corrt Lnued ) S/
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Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society