Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 15â1961 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
2. Now let us take ~ look at the vegetative ch acteristics that are most useful in grass identification. B t first let me say that a magnifier is just as essential in gra s identification as eyes. Personally ,I .prefera triplet Wit ,~range of 5 to 20-X. 'The lO-X c6JDbinatiQn, is bes t foxien ral use \'»utI like the '20-X for checkit1:g very small details.,', ' nother very. useful ,tool 'is a P~cket c~arator. This iristr nihas 6-x mag~ification with'a measuring 'scale iraduated t ~2 _. The startingpoint£'Qr,mo~t vegetat~ve keys ~s the p sition of ,the bla4e in the bud-shoQt. All grasses~e either oIled or folc;1ed. But s~times "th~rolled b",d-shoot DLllye decided~y fla'ttened and appe'ar, to ,be 'folded.. A' grass, is n ver classified as folded in t:h~ ,bud-'ahoot unless, the blade is f Ided just once in themiddle.'F~r'&rasses ,with blades undr3D1D. wide it is almost impo~sibleto deterud.ne:with,certai: ty whetheJ: it is rolled or folded. ' , " , "The blade itself may be ~mooth. , " rough or h8 ry on tbetop surface and on 'the l~rsurfACe., Roughtless isetermined by "feel'~ preferably us~n,g a,JIlOre sel\~!J~tive at;ea of' the skin than the finger tips. Very short hairs c,an only be dtected by eare ful examination with a, magn,ifier,' ,Ip.some grass s the midrib is prominent lielow, thatis"raised ab
In a few grasses with smooth sheaths we find a ring of hairs at the node. In at least one other with a very hairy sheath we find a narrow, sticky ring just below the node that is completely without hairs. Moving now to the area where the blade is attached to the sheath, we find in many grasses claw-like projections extending from the base of the blade and more or less wrapping around the stem or emerging bud-shoot. The projections are called auricles and they may be quite small and slender or rather large and prominent. In a few grasses careful examination of the auricles with a magnifier will reveal that they are hairy. At the base of the blade or the top of the sheath and behind the stem or emerging shoot we nearly always find a projection called the ligule. I say "nearly always" because it is absent in the genus that includes barnyard grass and Japanese millet. Ligules are of CWotypes, a thin whitish membrane or a fringe of hairs, and may vary in length from .2 Mm. or less to 8.0 Mm. or more. The membranous ligules may vary in shape from those that are flattened across the top or truncate, to those that generally have a decided notch on one or both sides or in the center, or to those that rise to a sharp acute or acuminate point in the center. The margins of most of these membranes are entire or without divisions, lobes or teeth. However some of them have a saw-toothed edge and in some the edge or margin ends in fine hairs and is said to be ciliate. In a few grasses we find that the back of this membrane is covered with very fine hairs. The ligules that are a fringe of hairs have less variations than the membranous ones. In some grasses we find that the ligule is made up of a fringe of short hairs with some scattered hairs that are very much longer. These long hairs may be across the entire width of the ligule or just on the sides. In other grasses we find that the hairs are fused together at the base so that the lower part appears to be membranous. In these cases the question could be raised as to the dividing line becween a ligule that is a fringe of hairs fused at the base and a membranous ligule that is ciliate. My division is this -- if the fused or membranous portion is shorter than the hairs, it is called a fringe of hairs fused at base; if the fringe of hairs is shorter than the membrane, it is a membranous ligule that is ciliate.
- Page 1: THE USE OF VEGETATIVECHARACTERISTIC
- Page 5 and 6: 5. FACTORSINFLUEUCINGTHE PERFORFANC
- Page 7 and 8: 7. The introduction of synthetic or
- Page 9 and 10: The com;onents the distribution of
- Page 11 and 12: grains. We early found that the oat
- Page 13 and 14: 13. Atrazine Days following cpm/O.
- Page 15 and 16: 15. not find an abundant production
- Page 17 and 18: Weed Control In Suburbia 1 Howard H
- Page 19 and 20: For establishing new lawns, I would
- Page 21 and 22: Any improvement that you can make i
- Page 23 and 24: PROMISINGNEWCHEMICALSFORWEEDCONTROL
- Page 25 and 26: 25. Promis ins results have also be
- Page 27 and 28: 27. (Lycbnis alba), cinquefoil (Pot
- Page 29 and 30: THE EFFECTS OF ADDED PENETRANT AIDS
- Page 31 and 32: ... Surfactant Produced bz: . 31
- Page 33 and 34: 33. 33. of scintillation solution,
- Page 35 and 36: Table 3. The Net Counts Per Minute
- Page 37 and 38: The comparisons for lower leaves, s
- Page 39 and 40: 39. SUMMARY Tests using 2-C 14-1abe
- Page 41 and 42: 41. RECENTDEVELOPMENTS IN THEUSE OF
- Page 43 and 44: second application be made not late
- Page 45 and 46: 45. Combinations of vegadex-Randox
- Page 47 and 48: 11/ Persistence of Soil-Incorporate
- Page 49 and 50: Plot size varied from 9 sq. ft. to
- Page 51 and 52: Lower rates of R-1856 were tested o
2.<br />
Now let us take ~ look at the vegetative ch acteristics<br />
that are most useful in grass identification. B t first let me<br />
say that a magnifier is just as essential in gra s identification<br />
as eyes. Personally ,I .prefera triplet Wit ,~range of<br />
5 to 20-X. 'The lO-X c6JDbinatiQn, is bes t foxien ral use \'»utI<br />
like the '20-X for checkit1:g very small details.,', ' nother very.<br />
useful ,tool 'is a P~cket c~arator. This iristr nihas 6-x<br />
mag~ification with'a measuring 'scale iraduated t ~2 _. The<br />
startingpoint£'Qr,mo~t vegetat~ve keys ~s the p sition of ,the<br />
bla4e in the bud-shoQt. All grasses~e either oIled or<br />
folc;1ed. But s~times "th~rolled b",d-shoot DLllye decided~y<br />
fla'ttened and appe'ar, to ,be 'folded.. A' grass, is n ver classified<br />
as folded in t:h~ ,bud-'ahoot unless, the blade is f Ided just<br />
once in themiddle.'F~r'&rasses ,with blades undr3D1D. wide<br />
it is almost impo~sibleto deterud.ne:with,certai: ty whetheJ: it<br />
is rolled or folded. ' , " ,<br />
"The blade itself may be ~mooth.<br />
, "<br />
rough or h8 ry on tbetop<br />
surface and on 'the l~rsurfACe., Roughtless isetermined by<br />
"feel'~ preferably us~n,g a,JIlOre sel\~!J~tive at;ea of' the skin than<br />
the finger tips. Very short hairs c,an only be dtected by eare<br />
ful examination with a, magn,ifier,' ,Ip.some grass s the midrib<br />
is prominent lielow, thatis"raised ab
Change language