Proceedings of the Sixty-first Annual Meeting of the Northeastern ...
Proceedings of the Sixty-first Annual Meeting of the Northeastern ... Proceedings of the Sixty-first Annual Meeting of the Northeastern ...
126 SEEDHEAD SUPPRESSION OF ANNUAL BLUEGRASS. J.A. Borger and M.B. Naedel, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. ABSTRACT Annual bluegrass is commonly found on golf courses today. Many turfgrass managers choose to maintain annual bluegrass while others try to eliminate it. Annual bluegrass can produce many seedheads in the spring, regardless of mowing height. Seedhead production can create an undesirable sward for a variety of reasons. First, seedheads can be aesthetically displeasing resulting from an off white color during the peak production period. This production of annual bluegrass seedheads may result in a decrease of plant health. Additional stress, such as traffic or lack of moisture, may lead to an undesirable sward. Second, annual bluegrass seedheads may adversely affect turfgrass playability, especially in regards to a golf course putting green. Ball roll and smoothness are often compromised by annual bluegrass seedheads. Chemical applications of plant growth regulators and other materials have been used for the suppression of annual bluegrass seedheads. The correct timing of the application of these materials are imperative. If applications are made too early and temperatures are not optimal for growing conditions, plant health may be an issue. If materials are applied too late in the season, seedhead suppression may not be accomplished. Material application timings can differ. A common material application timing is when the annual bluegrass is in the boot stage of development. The boot stage should be monitored by sampling annual bluegrass plants in different areas of the overall sward. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate various plant growth regulators for the suppression of annual bluegrass seedheads. For example, Embark T&O is a growth regulator which provides excellent suppression when applied at the correct rate and timing. Other options include a tank mix of Primo Maxx and Proxy. This tank mix has shown good suppression in several studies. Researchers continue to evaluate new products, product combinations, and application timings to better suppress annual bluegrass seedheads. 108
127 BISPYRIBAC-SODIUM (VELOCITY) USE ON GOLF COURSES FOR ANNUAL BLUEGRASS AND ROUGHSTALK BLUEGRASS CONTROL. S.E. Hart and P.E. McCullough, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick. ABSTRACT Bispyribac-sodium (hereafter referred to as bispyribac) herbicide represents on of the most significant advancements for the selective control of annual bluegrass in coolseason turfgrass. Studies conducted at Rutgers University have determined that latespring/early summer is the timing for bispyribac application for optimum annual bluegrass control and creeping bentgrass safety. Applications in cool weather conditions provided significantly less annual bluegrass control with marginal creeping bentgrass safety. Studies have also been conducted on the response of other cool-season turfgrass species to bispyribac which demonstrated the potential to severely injure Kentucky bluegrass. Kentucky bluegrass may not adequately tolerate bispyribac at rates necessary for annual bluegrass control. Perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and fine fescue may show initial symptoms of injury, but levels are less severe and persistent than those exhibited by Kentucky bluegrass. Bispyribac should be safe to use on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and fine fescue for annual bluegrass control. Additional studies have also determined that all cool-season turfgrass species, including creeping bentgrass, can be rapidly reseeded (within 10-14 days) into areas treated with bispyribac. This should allow for the potential use of bispyribac in fairway renovation to convert mixed annual bluegrass/creeping bentgrass fairways to predominately creeping bentgrass. Lastly we have been conducting studies on the long-term control of roughstalk bluegrass with bispyribac. Initial activity is high, however we have observed substantial regrowth of roughstalk bluegrass the following year. We are also currently conducting studies evaluating the influence of golf course management practices on the efficacy and safety of bispyribac as well as its potential use on bentgrass putting greens. 109
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- Page 174 and 175: 174 Total Expenses $38,227.24 Total
127<br />
BISPYRIBAC-SODIUM (VELOCITY) USE ON GOLF COURSES FOR ANNUAL<br />
BLUEGRASS AND ROUGHSTALK BLUEGRASS CONTROL. S.E. Hart and P.E.<br />
McCullough, Rutgers, The State University <strong>of</strong> New Jersey, New Brunswick.<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
Bispyribac-sodium (hereafter referred to as bispyribac) herbicide represents on <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> most significant advancements for <strong>the</strong> selective control <strong>of</strong> annual bluegrass in coolseason<br />
turfgrass. Studies conducted at Rutgers University have determined that latespring/early<br />
summer is <strong>the</strong> timing for bispyribac application for optimum annual<br />
bluegrass control and creeping bentgrass safety. Applications in cool wea<strong>the</strong>r<br />
conditions provided significantly less annual bluegrass control with marginal creeping<br />
bentgrass safety.<br />
Studies have also been conducted on <strong>the</strong> response <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r cool-season<br />
turfgrass species to bispyribac which demonstrated <strong>the</strong> potential to severely injure<br />
Kentucky bluegrass. Kentucky bluegrass may not adequately tolerate bispyribac at<br />
rates necessary for annual bluegrass control. Perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and fine<br />
fescue may show initial symptoms <strong>of</strong> injury, but levels are less severe and persistent<br />
than those exhibited by Kentucky bluegrass. Bispyribac should be safe to use on<br />
perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and fine fescue for annual bluegrass control.<br />
Additional studies have also determined that all cool-season turfgrass species,<br />
including creeping bentgrass, can be rapidly reseeded (within 10-14 days) into areas<br />
treated with bispyribac. This should allow for <strong>the</strong> potential use <strong>of</strong> bispyribac in fairway<br />
renovation to convert mixed annual bluegrass/creeping bentgrass fairways to<br />
predominately creeping bentgrass.<br />
Lastly we have been conducting studies on <strong>the</strong> long-term control <strong>of</strong> roughstalk<br />
bluegrass with bispyribac. Initial activity is high, however we have observed substantial<br />
regrowth <strong>of</strong> roughstalk bluegrass <strong>the</strong> following year.<br />
We are also currently conducting studies evaluating <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> golf course<br />
management practices on <strong>the</strong> efficacy and safety <strong>of</strong> bispyribac as well as its potential<br />
use on bentgrass putting greens.<br />
109
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