Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
468 First, soil treatment within a few weeks prior to seeding grasses was more risky than application to young, established grasse •• Injury was greater when treating the soils and seeding~.~ later than when seeding and treating :am-.u. later. ,. - Second, four-week old turfwas'more toleram; of,.chemical treatment, in general, .than wastwo-week old 'turf.. This trend dMLnot continue through the 9th week. ,For some reason the~~ui:tant injury wal,-greater, in general, on the turf treated 9 weeks after,s!ted~ng than on yQlll)le%'turf. One possible explanation ,would be the weather condItions on or following the treatment d~te. The growing conditions on August ~O\:h were consid.$ly less favorable than, on July 12 or 28. The fescue and, ~oa lesser extent,i!the bentgrass wereno~ growing as rapidly, or exhibitiil,9 a.Shealthy an aPJ)Ul'ance in late August as they did during July. It would appear that gr,pwin9'~onditions at the time of treatment, as well as age of the young plant, are important considerations in timing herbicide applications. .' . Third, although chemical tr.a~nt often thin~ or delayed the initial stand of g1'88S, ePloughplants ofteo'remained in hea!thy condition to eventually give satisfactory stands of turf. -tables III and. ~ contain the turf rat:f,l'Igs taken at the end of the trial 1n m:tl:l-betober. -COIlIPU'isonsof the turf scores between tables land III and II andr-J will clearly,lNu this out. The treatments that did nots!9J'!ificantly lowel';the turf score are shown in tables I and· II. Whenthe soil was treated at, ~prior to, seeding only 41 treatments out of a total of 240 failed to significantly reduce the turf s~ore. Twenty-one of these 41 treatments were associatedw1th the use of calciumJ)%'0pyl arsonate and the combination ofca1c~um propyl and 'flcium methyl arsonate..-. Diphenatrile and the light rate :of ~ndane plus Chl~ane accounted for over half of the other treatments that did not significantly lower the turf scOre. In table II there are 91 out of, a total of 189 vestments that did not' show a significant reduction in turf score. This wo.lfldindicate that there is less injury associated with foliar applications of the chemicals used than with soil treatments at or before seedin9~ Only triflura11~was unsafe to all grasses at all rates and dates of application. As is shownQll the table, certain rates of all other materials appeared safe to one or more grasses at one or more time intervals. Diphenatrile, Bandane, Bandane plUS Chlo!dane, Dacthal Gl.5 SY, and the combination of calcium propyl and calcium methyl arsonates appeared to.be relatively safe, to use at certain .rates or times." ' Two trends which appeared duril'l~. the test are a. interest. First, the grasses with the largest seed were l~jured the least.~rom soil treatment with chemicals. Injury was greatest tobentgrass, blue~s was intermediate 'and fescue was injured the least. . , ' . Second, when treating grasses ~(ter seeding, thet !time interval required for safety depends somewhat on the, ra:t;e of establ1shrnef\1t.. Bluegrass is slaw to establish and was injured more frequehtly when treated two weeks after seeding than was the bent or fescue. At later treatment dat .. ;the blue was the most, ~ tolerant of the herbicides, bent W$s':totermediate and~f.scue was the most au'- ceptible to injury~ , "
SUIIIIJ~, ~ Conclusions 5' 469 The following chemicals at the.cre rates indie.ted were applied to the soil at seeding, 2, 4, and 9 weeks prior to seeding;'and 2, 4, and 9 weeks after seeding. three different turfgrasses: trifluralin (N,N-di-n-propyl-2,6~dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline) at 2 ~ 4 Ibs., Dip~QRalin (N,N-di-n-propyl-2,6 dinitro-4-methylanlline) at 2, 4 and 8 Ibs , , Diphennrile (diphenylacetonitrile) at 30 Ibs., Bandane (polychlorodieyclopentadiene isomer) at 20 and 40 lbs., 75% Bandane plus 2~ Chlordane at 20, ~Oand 40 Ibs., Qacthal (dimethyl ester of tetra chloroterephthalic acid) at 10 and 20 Ibs., Daethal SY (experimental compound) at 10 Ibs., calcium propyl arsonate at 40 lbs~ and a combination af calcium propyl and calcium methyl arsonates at 50 ibs, . Merion Kentucky bluegrass,Astoria colonial ~grass and Chewing's fescue were the grasses used. The first treatments and seedings were made on June 29 and the last ones on August 30. Turf scores based on density and vigor of· stand were taken c;Iuringthe season. The· a~rage scores Qnj'all treatments are given for two complete readings. Based on the results obtained under the conditi~ns of this study the following conclusions are made: 1. Calcium propyl arsonate ancI·combinations of'·calcium propyl and calcium methyl arsonates, when applied to the soil at or prior to seeding certain lawngrasses, do not appreciably interfere with germination and growth of those grasses. 2. Nine weeks after soil treatment with Diphenatrile it is safe to seed Merion Kentucky bluegrass, Astoria Colonial bentgrass and Chewing's fescue. 3. In general, soil treatments with herbicides prior to seeding turfgrasses are more apt to result in injury than are the same treatments made after seed germination. 4. Dipropalin, Diphenatrile, Bandane, Bandane~hlordane combinations, Dacthal ~Y and combinations of calcium propyl and calcium methyl arsonates, at certain rates, may be safely applied to 4~ek old stands of turfgrass. ~ , .. . 5. Bandane, the arsonates al'ldDiphenatrile appeared to be the leastphytotoxic to the turfgrasses. . AcknOWledgment Appreciation is extended to the Velsicol Chemical Company,Eli Lilly and Company,DiamondAlkali Companyand t6 AmchemProducts, Inc. for support in conducting this research.
- Page 417 and 418: 417 FENURQlt,A PROMISINGNEWTOOL FOR
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- Page 467: Code A - seeded June 29 B - seeded
- Page 472 and 473: III. Average turf scores l' of thre
- Page 474 and 475: 474 PIft'J'OTOXICBlFBQTS'QJe'CBRTAI
- Page 476 and 477: 476 MERIONBLUEGBASS• T!BATANDsgD
- Page 478 and 479: 478 In general. the treatments appl
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- Page 504 and 505: 504 TADLE3: Pre-oemergence and poet
- Page 506 and 507: 506 Table 1. Re8eeding Resulte:afit
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SUIIIIJ~, ~ Conclusions 5'<br />
469<br />
The following chemicals at the.cre rates indie.ted were applied to the<br />
soil at seeding, 2, 4, and 9 weeks prior to seeding;'and 2, 4, and 9 weeks after<br />
seeding. three different turfgrasses: trifluralin (N,N-di-n-propyl-2,6~dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline)<br />
at 2 ~ 4 Ibs., Dip~QRalin (N,N-di-n-propyl-2,6<br />
dinitro-4-methylanlline) at 2, 4 and 8 Ibs , , Diphennrile (diphenylacetonitrile)<br />
at 30 Ibs., Bandane (polychlorodieyclopentadiene isomer) at 20 and 40 lbs., 75%<br />
Bandane plus 2~ Chlordane at 20, ~Oand 40 Ibs., Qacthal (dimethyl ester of<br />
tetra chloroterephthalic acid) at 10 and 20 Ibs., Daethal SY (experimental compound)<br />
at 10 Ibs., calcium propyl arsonate at 40 lbs~ and a combination af calcium<br />
propyl and calcium methyl arsonates at 50 ibs, .<br />
Merion Kentucky bluegrass,Astoria colonial ~grass and Chewing's fescue<br />
were the grasses used. The first treatments and seedings were made on June 29<br />
and the last ones on August 30. Turf scores based on density and vigor of· stand<br />
were taken c;Iuringthe season. The· a~rage scores Qnj'all treatments are given<br />
for two complete readings.<br />
Based on the results obtained under the conditi~ns of this study the following<br />
conclusions are made:<br />
1. Calcium propyl arsonate ancI·combinations of'·calcium propyl and calcium<br />
methyl arsonates, when applied to the soil at or prior to seeding certain<br />
lawngrasses, do not appreciably interfere with germination and growth of<br />
those grasses.<br />
2. Nine weeks after soil treatment with Diphenatrile it is safe to seed<br />
Merion Kentucky bluegrass, Astoria Colonial bentgrass and Chewing's fescue.<br />
3. In general, soil treatments with herbicides prior to seeding turfgrasses<br />
are more apt to result in injury than are the same treatments made after<br />
seed germination.<br />
4. Dipropalin, Diphenatrile, Bandane, Bandane~hlordane combinations,<br />
Dacthal ~Y and combinations of calcium propyl and calcium methyl arsonates,<br />
at certain rates, may be safely applied to 4~ek old stands of turfgrass.<br />
~ , .. .<br />
5. Bandane, the arsonates al'ldDiphenatrile appeared to be the leastphytotoxic<br />
to the turfgrasses. .<br />
AcknOWledgment<br />
Appreciation is extended to the Velsicol Chemical Company,Eli Lilly and<br />
Company,DiamondAlkali Companyand t6 AmchemProducts, Inc. for support in<br />
conducting this research.
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