Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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424 PLANTRESFONSETO T~IZONE E. G. Terrell, Jr. SOIL Fu~I~,N7 Weed control in forest tree nurseries continues to be a high labor cost operation despite the general use since 1948 of petroleun distillate or oil sprays. (2,S). In the Northeast, weed control is complicated by the great variety of species grown for reforestation. Some are tolerant while others are sensitive or intolerant. Seedlings of Scotch pine and larch, while ordinarily not killed by moderate amounts of oil spray applied during the first year, are often damaged so that plantable-size seedlings are not produced Ul 2 years. Hardwood seedlings, which are intolerant to oil spray must be handweeded or cultivated. Weed control in seedbeds is most important during the first year when the small, relatively slow-growing seedlings are least able to stand the competition of fast-growing weeds. Hand-weeding is costly, and may do considerable damage if weeds are allowed to get large. The use of soil surface herbicides, such as Neburon. before or soon after tree seed germination causes high seedling mortality in some species. Weed control need not be considered sep~ately from the control of other nursery pests if one treatment will provide effective control of both. Soil funigants. ~~hich erradicate or greatly reduce the numbers of living weed seeds and weed vegetative parts, as well as nematodes. fungi, and insects. are useful nursery tools. They can help the nurseryman get the seedlings past the first critical year with a minimum of damage by pests. Soil funigation is not new; in fact. it has been in use since World War I left large stocks of Chloropicrin (4). Funigation with methyl bromide under hand-sealed plastic tarps has become standard practice in some Southern nurseries. but adoption of the practice in the Northeast has been slow. Labor costs, soil temperatures. sowing times. and tIle severity of the damage by weeds and pests in the Northeast are quite different from those in the South. The development of a tractor-mounted combination injector-tarp layer by the DowChemical Co. led to our resumption of funigant testing in 1959 (1,6). Results obtained from an application of one of the test materials, Trizone. is reported here. l 1 Manager. Saratoga Tree Nursery. N. Y. State Conservation Department, Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
Material ~izone is a,mixedf~g.. t with the fol~owing composition by weight (:l): ::::f', t f·J· Methyl bl'~4't'l •. 61~0% ChloropiQl'4p t' :.jao.O% 3",BromopropYM (proparg . , , , " bromid,) ,~:' 60;8% BrQlllj.nated Csh¥QroclU'bons 4 ~.~ . . p • It i. a, :l~~d ,t (j8o,~, ~1l pressures~29 lb. per sq. in. and is, supplielll in 175 lh."iA:ly~~er".Re~ dosages are from 1~O-2QO lh.per.;ClCre 4JPeIJlI\ing upon tma·Wtv,erity and the nature of the I\4l8t Pro~18lll.1 ,.'/ i . " . ';r
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PRESENTANDFUTtJU OF AQUATIC'. WIlD
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Complete reports from 12 Nor~heaste
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The reawakening in aquatic weed con
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,10.1ng -2,4.,;iD (19), 2,4~5.T (4)
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9 The Role of the State in Res idue
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,., 1'4 keep developmental work in
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In addition to a review of field an
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State workers have to consider resi
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The vigorous regrowth of quackgrass
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during t,he sUllllller.is l,ower ll
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5. llslapon and other chlorine,ted
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23 • ·i INTRODUCTION: !!'he Bear
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Some damage to runners rssul ted fr
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27 CELLSTRUCTUREANDPLANTGROWTHCRMON
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pel'fQ.,..d,-.ear17M1932. that the
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a copious precipitate deposits afte
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B) A general review of the subject
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This narrative of ineptitude must b
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does Jo run a recreational facility
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Another pote1U:ialuse for chemicals
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Newapproaches in the use of herbici
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43 sentence would bear this out". T
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More and more each year since the a
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11. Rice, E. J. The effects of cUlt
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PFSI'ICIDESUSED - - - - - - - - - -
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__..:I whether or not these apparen
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Dosage. Ib./acre Dimethyl tetrachlo
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~ ~_~ __ L L Table 2. Weed Susceoti
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- - - - - - - - ~, - - - - --- - -
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Table 7.. Weed Control in :l:!c,Ql1
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Table '1. Rat.1lISstI 'Of carrot an
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H , 'ta~l!. g,._~e~_O!~ut~• .:.:.
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65 plant press and dried in a f~ced
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67 Tablet. 'lIi! EFFECT'or AN'INO'l
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69 THE INFLUENCE JIt P.I!ll'ROLEUM
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71 1 CDEC(Ee) 2 " " 3 4 " 5 " " 6 7
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!a~l~ 1._ ~!:.c!: :!!1~hJl!:e.::m~d
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75 EFFECT;OFCOMPOSITIONANDVOLUMEOF
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A LOGARITHMICSPRAlERFORSMALLPLCflSY
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79 Do~ Calculations The actual init
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Selective Herbicides for Several Cr
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83 Susceptible weeds Tolerant weeds
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85 Marion Market 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Da
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Table 5. Bai
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weeding of Lima Bean. With Chemical
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EFFECTOF HERBICIDESONQUALITYANDYIEL
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Results Date treated: 9/6/61 Soil m
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95 Date planted: 915/61 Date treate
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Table 3. Yield Data on Hanover and
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Weeding of Carrots With 'pre-lilanU
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101 WEEDCONTROLSTUDIESIN SEElED ONI
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Weather conditions at the two locat
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In contrast to the damage noted in
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107 Literature Cited 1. Althaus. R.
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Table 1. Weed control: stand of pla
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Results and Discussion. The data, p
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CIPO, Vegadex, and Randox Singly or
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Table 1•. Wa. control, stand of p
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'Ihree experiments were conducted i
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a- Table 2_"COIIlpartsonof' Several
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fJ Table 3. CcBparison of Several.
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c
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Table 1. Seeding and Weed Counts on
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WEEDCONTROLANDTHE IMPROVEMENT OF SE
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Following emergence of the tomato s
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indicates that several of the treat
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DISCUSSIONOF RESULTS Transplant Tom
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harvest was covered with weeds, and
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An additional 2 years of tests on f
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~ Table 2 .--l Average Number and P
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~ Table 4 Total Yields in Number an
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"" ~ Table 6 Bvalu~t1.on of S&l~nto
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of weed eoneee I without inj ury 't
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1. Associate Research Specialist in
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Stulllll&ry A study was lh1tlatedto
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Table 2. The residual effects of se
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FURTHEROBSERVATIONS ONCONTROL OF TH
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Table 3 - Mean per cent brake contr
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lAssociate Research Spec1alist in W
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PRE-E~mRGENCE WEEDCONTROLTEST IN RE
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161 Table 2. Tolerance of Beets and
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163 Results generally were good wee
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USE OF GRANULAR CHl!H[CALAPPLICATOR
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u.s. #1 potatoes and weed control e
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0' ~ Table 2. Pre-emergent weed con
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Table 3. Post-hilling weed control
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~/Pe.nt>:r lITn. h.7(L T1o:oTl.,:r+
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In table 2 are presettted weed a*1'
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Since rec1root is only one of the I
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w.l.th 3 and 4 Ibs. ot Randox per a
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181 CONTROLOF ANNUALWEEDSIN pOTATOE
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The following comments on the vario
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185 S\:U!U!1fryand ConclWtlon No he
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187 Table 2. Potato YIelds Followin
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Residue analysis of potatoes treate
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soil temperatures at the time the m
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( ( ~able 2. Effect of Several Che~
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195 PROBLEMSIN THEAPPLICATIONOF HER
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197 scale tests on 2 cOlJllllercial
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l!!!! Experiment A factorial experi
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frOlll plot. at .horter i*nalt (~ t
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6.50 Table 1. Effe,ct of p"e- an
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205 EVALUATION0It' DACTHAL * HERBIC
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The 1959 and 1960 replicated field
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209 TABLEII Average Weed Cont~l Exh
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Where the weed eompleJl;conststs of
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...... 1.67, 213 Table 1. Effect of
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215 Table 2. Bffect of pre-plant he
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.217 Pive pre-plant herbicide. were
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219 Table 1. Effect of pre-p1anthel
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Table 2. tilat' of pre-plantbftb.tc
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l EVALUATIONOF THREEHERBICIDESONPnE
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TABLE2. TIll HIGHESTlATEOFHERBICIDE
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Because of the lush growth of quack
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Table 2. Effects of Herbicides on Q
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Table 3. Effects of Herbicides on A
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233 The inhibitory activity was ass
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non-polar solvents. Table 5 shows t
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237 Figure I Bioassay of cbrOlll4to
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239 Weed Control and Residual Effec
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Rototilling was done in June·' SO
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243 in the spring of 1961 preceedin
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WEEDCONTROL.AR
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Li£erature Cited 1. Chappell. W. E
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Tl'eatments ghing un.811~!8facto%'y
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Table 1. Designa t ion Am1l:)en .\
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Table 3. Percent Broadleat Weed Con
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,255 CONTROLOF ANNUALWlmDSIN swDT C
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of Casoron per acre was statistical
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~.-! _ 1.37 ~ Table 2. Sweet Corn Y
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Table 4. Peroent Control ot Ann.ual
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EVALUATIONOF FIVE _~p>I!:S FOR KILL
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265 STRAWBERRY HERBICIDEINVESTIGATI
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267 Table 2. Eftect Of'herbicidet~e
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'h ", 4. Tillam lOG at 5 lb/A a.i.
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Asparagus The results of weed contr
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273 TABLEII. ~1EED CONTROLANDYIELD
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~ C'l TABLE tv. lIEE» OON1T..OLAND
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WEEDCONTROLIN TRANSPLANT TOMATOES (
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279 ·QUACKGRASSCONTROL S.M. Raleig
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281 table II. The control of:'4oaek
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no cultivation during the growing s
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SummaryandConclu.1Qp' 1. A quackgra
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If or where farmer acceptance of a
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,~, ~ Tab1.e II. Chemical. Treatmen
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so11 per plot at each sampling date
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418' 293 Table III Main Eff,ects of
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Table V, }nt ...... e..• ,fa~, I;
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plots showed smaller decreases with
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FURTHEREVALUmONor HERBICIDESFal· W
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301 In the SUIIIIIlf)1' seeding, th
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The results were similar to those o
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In another experiment, loam soil wa
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apparently due to severe competitio
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ab1e 2. Average dry weight of corn
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311 The most strllt~Mrr~ct. ~fiIIJI
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313 RE9lfm'$~lfI)DI3CtlSSION '1.",
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315 LrrERATURECITED 1. Fertig, Stan
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.~ pattern following applications o
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Ratings at the time of'gJ;Vllst; al
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THERESPONSEOF NUTGRASS TO HERBIC~I)
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'\.......- TABLE2. Ratings of Nutgr
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All treatments produced si~1f~c~tly
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A 327 WEBDe
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. Eli'FECTSali' WEEDSON YIELD AND"G
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Pollen Maturity: ",l. ,. Broadleaf
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'--' The applicators were tested un
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335 Figure 1. The effeetof partic1e
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337 SRFeader 1 On this spreader onl
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Table 4. The effect of speed, p~~cl
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Table 1: Herbicidal treatments used
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·000 .000, I II ! WEEDCONTROLRATIN
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2.5000 CORNINJURY EXPRESSEDAS SQUAR
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347 1. 2. Danielson. l , ;4. L. Ef~
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',-- 34~ 3-(3 ..4-Dichlorophenyl)-1
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weed control with adequate safety t
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Untreated Table 2. Directed Post-E"
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.s .... __ Table 7. Pre-Emel'ae~eWe
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experiment is reported herE!. Trifl
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Results are given. in Table 4~J'Rot
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In Princeton fine sand, tritlupalin
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Included in the lima. bean test wer
Page 365 and 366:
Table 1. The Effects ofS8veral form
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Table 3. The effects of several for
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369 Table 5. The effects of sev~ral
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• ~ : .• \ • ' -' ..,,:- ',-"
Page 373 and 374: Heights of barley were significantl
Page 375 and 376: Table 2. The effe,cts of s~\I'~ral
Page 377 and 378: Table 4. 377 The effects of aevel8.
Page 379 and 380: ,:' A PROGRESSREPORTONCOMIo!ERCIAL
Page 381 and 382: 4. Undesirable dead stem.,lio not r
Page 383 and 384: areas under service conditionsa~ va
Page 385 and 386: We ,prpbablyhave no speeie of g~owt
Page 387 and 388: control. At the end of the third ye
Page 389 and 390: initial defoliation was evident lat
Page 391 and 392: OBJECTIVE In 1958 an experiment was
Page 393 and 394: Replicates DlO 810 I 2.0 0.5 II 1.5
Page 395 and 396: DISCUSSION One Year After Applicati
Page 397 and 398: 1. Button, E.F. Bndwrfg'h~';J .L. ,
Page 399 and 400: 399 The treatment consisted of appl
Page 401 and 402: 401 FIELD PROCEDURES Although. the
Page 403 and 404: 403 In the light of these data it a
Page 405 and 406: 405 ...·1!MLE I SAMPLECHARACTERIST
Page 407 and 408: 407 , '.". '.·',',~'l~rL,i;'. "\"
Page 409 and 410: dltterent l"atespacaoreand"~"at thr
Page 411 and 412: 411 RESULTS ireatmentettect was det
Page 413 and 414: , 413 ;. ' "1 ' "':j " • made wit
Page 415 and 416: ( ( . Table 3. Effectiveness on Spe
Page 417 and 418: 417 FENURQlt,A PROMISINGNEWTOOL FOR
Page 419 and 420: There are a number of reaso~ for un
Page 421 and 422: .n_ots, "'hhin a few months after:
Page 423: sater method ot tree-killing close
Page 427 and 428: 427 On November 16, 1961, at the en
Page 429 and 430: CHBMI-THINNINGWITH,AIrlINES IN THED
Page 431 and 432: These tests show once aaaiJithe nee
Page 433 and 434: Th:Ls ch!~ca1. tx'eatme:n1!_1IhClJ.
Page 435 and 436: : if.. . ' A Comparative Study of t
Page 437 and 438: 'j 437 petioles, now elongated,f'or
Page 439 and 440: Helisoma, Menetus, fhYSa andValvata
Page 441 and 442: i s. The benth1c populat1Q~ W¥", O
Page 443 and 444: 443 Eurasian. wa~lfoil a W8t.f~~ ap
Page 445 and 446: Empb4sis was on testing DOD-volatil
Page 447 and 448: 447 . , , -. I':'V'est~a.ti
Page 449 and 450: FIELDOBSERVATIONS UPONESTUARINE ANI
Page 451 and 452: more than 2 feet. ExceptionalUdes s
Page 453 and 454: TABLE1. Responseof oysters t~ diffe
Page 455 and 456: In the'Dundee Creek series. ,one of
Page 457 and 458: workers. springer (1961) cite8& num
Page 459 and 460: OBSERVATIONSONTHE OCCURRENCE' ANDPE
Page 461 and 462: 461 TABLE! Chemical Water QuaU1?::r
Page 463 and 464: TABLEIII Threshold Taste and Odor C
Page 465 and 466: (1.1-) Burttschell, R.H. , et al.,
Page 467 and 468: Code A - seeded June 29 B - seeded
Page 469 and 470: SUIIIIJ~, ~ Conclusions 5' 469 The
Page 472 and 473: III. Average turf scores l' of thre
Page 474 and 475:
474 PIft'J'OTOXICBlFBQTS'QJe'CBRTAI
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476 MERIONBLUEGBASS• T!BATANDsgD
Page 478 and 479:
478 In general. the treatments appl
Page 480 and 481:
4BJ days follow:lng the ohemical tr
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') ') ' :_B!.ue~s•. Fescue au:l~"
Page 484 and 485:
:". ',J P~E~ C!',. O~.C~G~S 'F.~HEM
Page 486 and 487:
Lima and ferd'1izer applications sh
Page 488 and 489:
4es 1'.o~~1ty, ", .ewf!r''''rsenc.
Page 490 and 491:
} ) Table 1. Besu):ta.Qf 1961 pre-e
Page 492 and 493:
492 corresponding plots on este.bl1
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494 ae.u!s,'I!IIDi,cua.:Lon leUllll
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496 D±!3pa,~n~ Resul te)I? .,l-ta,
Page 498 and 499:
498 1 . 1 J. E. Gallagher and n. J.
Page 500 and 501:
500 Da1;ejJ01 e~uations ~,a.;t'ollC
Page 502 and 503:
502 TADLEIt Comparison of "severalc
Page 504 and 505:
504 TADLE3: Pre-oemergence and poet
Page 506 and 507:
506 Table 1. Re8eeding Resulte:afit
Page 508 and 509:
5"8 d1propalin ortrifluralin 'at ':
Page 510 and 511:
510 aUlIPIl iri '-1: ' D" "" Diphen
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Fall ve. spriif ~nts .. 'Ibe",obl1.
Page 514 and 515:
514 ~ Tab1e2. Cr&bgraS$'Contr01 in
Page 516 and 517:
516 ,';1:".i'"'f'!r": :~,j i: .. r
Page 518 and 519:
. ~lS residual cemtrol of crabgrssi
Page 520 and 521:
520 - . \.. ; ."," ,
Page 522 and 523:
5~2 'rab4t13.· ~gtnc. ·QGabtiol:o
Page 524 and 525:
524 PRE.._RGENCE AMU' POsT-EHERGENC
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526 Table 1. 'l'a):lsra,. ContrO.k1
Page 528 and 529:
528 Pre- andpost ..emergejljCec:rab
Page 530 and 531:
530 Prior to each chemical applicat
Page 532 and 533:
u 532 3) Those trea.t,mellts which
Page 534 and 535:
Table I (Coot'd) 27. JSc.F,~iOe t$~
Page 536 and 537:
536 EXPERIMENTS ONTHECHOOCALCOIm'l)
Page 538 and 539:
~______ , 53S Table 1: Control of c
Page 540 and 541:
54' In a similar po st-ell1~rgence
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542 da~hal and diphenatrile) at ear
Page 545 and 546:
.. ";' -:' il; JT!.: .'\ i~'J" ; ~J
Page 547 and 548:
541 Distr:tbution of radioacti~tl t
Page 549 and 550:
549 •RESULTS The distribution of
Page 551 and 552:
GRAPHII: Comparison of the~.tl;'i~u
Page 553:
"-...-.. J.4 The distribution of r~
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Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society