Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
34 THB USB OF HBR,BlCIDBSIN FORBS'J:"MANAGBMENT Wuu..n F. Muri8og.~"" J ..I·am go1ag eortla1Ce It-mybwIlDe8*:iodayto ~;ii6DIisl~'lIlyour~..r Jl~ -, tb1s not from any feeling ofmal1cEltoWaidsyoUor from diD'titb8rnpessim1s'rri'WtI1Cb has as Its goal the negation of all construet1ve thought. Rather my hope Is that what 1 have to say will sharpen your notions about the resource weforesters work with and hetghten your appreciation of the problems that coufront us. One of our biggest problems at the moment is dec1dIDgwhat Is a weed. IrODicas it may seem, this Is actually the case in many parts of the region. Our forests on the Atlantic seaboard are extremely complex biologically. We have many tree spec1es that reach merchantable size and many that have a present or potential use in terms of the wood that they yield. Then toft there are wide regional differences among the for· ests of the Northeast •• from the boreal forests of northern Maine to the pine barrens of NewJersey. Bach vegetational region can lay claim to a number of species that are commercially desirable or soon will become so. In one forest with which I am. famWar, there are upwards of 20 spec1es that reach tree size. At the moment, ODe is about as good as the other in terms of the financial returns we can hope to gain by se1l1ngthem, and I for· one would be reluctant to call any of them weeds. One cannot escape the fact that the Northeast Is a forested country. The rural landscape is a forested one and this becomes particularly evident as one travels the hUlcountry to the north of here. Woods we have lots IIf. And as the miles roll by and the forested landscape unrolls before your eyes. the realization comes to you that this Is a wild crop over which man exerts only minor control. Mlch of it, like Topsy, Just grows. The degree of stocking, the species composition and the distribltiOD of age classes is none of our doing; the events that shaped the forests of today are now history and it is sobering to discover that many of the chaDges that brought about the1r present cond1tiODwere similarly beyond our control. As U the wide extent and the biological complexity of the resource were not enough to deal with, we are sooner or later brought face to face Ir1th the ownership pattern that underlies this resource. It too is complex in the ead:reme. Land ownerships in the reglon are characteristically small and the land is owned and taxes paid on it by people who have a whole arsenal of reasons for wanting to do 80. Bven U it were physically possible, let alone financially desirable, to manage these forests intensively over wide areas, management prescriptions would falter and fa1lin the face uf such an ownership pattern. Bothsocially and economically. then, our contrel of the resource, crude as it may be, 18 further constrained and we are reduced to the role of consultants who, by our powers of persuasion, hope to influence others to do what we think to be the r1gbt thing in the right place at the right time.
This narrative of ineptitude must be tempor8rilylillJ.ted at this point to allow me' to draw your attention to the forester's peculiar burden,.time. Without appearing to be pedantic, I would like to emphaSite that it takes a longtime to grow a tree. Commercial hardwoods of sawlog size talf:eupwards of SOyears to reach maturity, while our fastest growing conifers need 35 or 40 years before they become saleable. Whether due to climate, past geological events or man's activitY, it is nevertheless true to say that the lengthy time periods tnvolved with the productiOn of mature forest crops in the Northeast constitute for the forest manager, as opposed to the manager of any other enterprise, one of the most serious impediments to IIU1Ilagement. Howis one to plan for an SO-year period? And how are such plans possible when so little is knownabout the resource we would control and when the climate for control, of even the most modest proportions, is so inhospitable? Butlet us proceed. It is an old aphorism that tlieworld is many things to many people and this is nonetheless true of the forest and the people who use it. There are those who work in it, those who live in it, some who huilt or fish in it, many who recreate in it, ,and appreciable numbers who draw their water supply from it. The forests of the Northeast are experiencing all these uses today in some degree or other. In some cases, these varied uses arecomplementary; unfortunately, it is more common for them to come into conflict with one another. Use creates value, and it has been our historical experience that use changes with tirhe:and with it the values that arise from such use. Ours is athn~that breeds ~ and we are witnessing today rather revolutionary changes that prOfOUndlyaffect the'uses to which we put our forests. These changes have their origin in the large centers of populanon that separate the forests from the sea and have to do with the geometric nature of population increase and the flourishing development of oUr urban way of life. The peoples of these heavily populated areas are on an active crusade for "Lebensrauin" and they are going to the very place where they can gEt it easiest, the woods. 'q1eir quest is not only one of acquiring living space but also of finding solace and seClUSionfor short periods of time aside and apart from the press of people that daily surrounds them. Bytheir numbers and the economic power that they wield. these people have created de novo a use for the forests of the region which is both popular in its' appeal and pre;';ing in its .needs, As foresters. we have not been trdned to meet this ch4Uenge. Our management techniques are fashioned around the production of wood fOr uses that are of long sranding, such as lumber. pulpwood or poles. We are not ecpipped to handle the diversity of use that arises' from the recreational use of forest land nor are we able to prescribe with any intelligence when confronted by a request for management techniques that would have the effect of upgrading the aesthetic values of forest property. Here again, we are reluctant to say categorically that this or that is a weed tree and should be eltmtnated, For who is to say what is weed arid what is not? We are dealing here with subjective preference which it is beyond our ability to objectively determine, Our present asseeament of the greatest good or the highest value that the forests pOssess may be so altered by the passage of time and the changes that it works that there will be those who, in future time, will setiously question oUrsanity. 35
- Page 1 and 2: PRESENTANDFUTtJU OF AQUATIC'. WIlD
- Page 3 and 4: Complete reports from 12 Nor~heaste
- Page 5 and 6: The reawakening in aquatic weed con
- Page 7 and 8: ,10.1ng -2,4.,;iD (19), 2,4~5.T (4)
- Page 9 and 10: 9 The Role of the State in Res idue
- Page 11 and 12: ,., 1'4 keep developmental work in
- Page 13 and 14: In addition to a review of field an
- Page 15 and 16: State workers have to consider resi
- Page 17 and 18: The vigorous regrowth of quackgrass
- Page 19 and 20: during t,he sUllllller.is l,ower ll
- Page 21 and 22: 5. llslapon and other chlorine,ted
- Page 23 and 24: 23 • ·i INTRODUCTION: !!'he Bear
- Page 25 and 26: Some damage to runners rssul ted fr
- Page 27 and 28: 27 CELLSTRUCTUREANDPLANTGROWTHCRMON
- Page 29 and 30: pel'fQ.,..d,-.ear17M1932. that the
- Page 31 and 32: a copious precipitate deposits afte
- Page 33: B) A general review of the subject
- Page 37 and 38: does Jo run a recreational facility
- Page 39 and 40: Another pote1U:ialuse for chemicals
- Page 41 and 42: Newapproaches in the use of herbici
- Page 43 and 44: 43 sentence would bear this out". T
- Page 45 and 46: More and more each year since the a
- Page 47 and 48: 11. Rice, E. J. The effects of cUlt
- Page 49 and 50: PFSI'ICIDESUSED - - - - - - - - - -
- Page 51 and 52: __..:I whether or not these apparen
- Page 53 and 54: Dosage. Ib./acre Dimethyl tetrachlo
- Page 55 and 56: ~ ~_~ __ L L Table 2. Weed Susceoti
- Page 57 and 58: - - - - - - - - ~, - - - - --- - -
- Page 59 and 60: Table 7.. Weed Control in :l:!c,Ql1
- Page 61 and 62: Table '1. Rat.1lISstI 'Of carrot an
- Page 63 and 64: H , 'ta~l!. g,._~e~_O!~ut~• .:.:.
- Page 65 and 66: 65 plant press and dried in a f~ced
- Page 67 and 68: 67 Tablet. 'lIi! EFFECT'or AN'INO'l
- Page 69 and 70: 69 THE INFLUENCE JIt P.I!ll'ROLEUM
- Page 71 and 72: 71 1 CDEC(Ee) 2 " " 3 4 " 5 " " 6 7
- Page 73 and 74: !a~l~ 1._ ~!:.c!: :!!1~hJl!:e.::m~d
- Page 75 and 76: 75 EFFECT;OFCOMPOSITIONANDVOLUMEOF
- Page 77 and 78: A LOGARITHMICSPRAlERFORSMALLPLCflSY
- Page 79 and 80: 79 Do~ Calculations The actual init
- Page 81 and 82: Selective Herbicides for Several Cr
- Page 83 and 84: 83 Susceptible weeds Tolerant weeds
This narrative of ineptitude must be tempor8rilylillJ.ted at this point to allow me'<br />
to draw your attention to the forester's peculiar burden,.time. Without appearing to<br />
be pedantic, I would like to emphaSite that it takes a longtime to grow a tree. Commercial<br />
hardwoods of sawlog size talf:eupwards of SOyears to reach maturity, while<br />
our fastest growing conifers need 35 or 40 years before they become saleable. Whether<br />
due to climate, past geological events or man's activitY, it is nevertheless true to say<br />
that the lengthy time periods tnvolved with the productiOn of mature forest crops in the<br />
Northeast constitute for the forest manager, as opposed to the manager of any other<br />
enterprise, one of the most serious impediments to IIU1Ilagement. Howis one to plan<br />
for an SO-year period? And how are such plans possible when so little is knownabout<br />
the resource we would control and when the climate for control, of even the most<br />
modest proportions, is so inhospitable?<br />
Butlet us proceed. It is an old aphorism that tlieworld is many things to many<br />
people and this is nonetheless true of the forest and the people who use it. There are<br />
those who work in it, those who live in it, some who huilt or fish in it, many who<br />
recreate in it, ,and appreciable numbers who draw their water supply from it. The<br />
forests of the Northeast are experiencing all these uses today in some degree or other.<br />
In some cases, these varied uses arecomplementary; unfortunately, it is more common<br />
for them to come into conflict with one another. Use creates value, and it has<br />
been our historical experience that use changes with tirhe:and with it the values that<br />
arise from such use. Ours is athn~that breeds ~ and we are witnessing today<br />
rather revolutionary changes that prOfOUndlyaffect the'uses to which we put our forests.<br />
These changes have their origin in the large centers of populanon that separate the<br />
forests from the sea and have to do with the geometric nature of population increase<br />
and the flourishing development of oUr urban way of life. The peoples of these heavily<br />
populated areas are on an active crusade for "Lebensrauin" and they are going to the<br />
very place where they can gEt it easiest, the woods. 'q1eir quest is not only one of<br />
acquiring living space but also of finding solace and seClUSionfor short periods of time<br />
aside and apart from the press of people that daily surrounds them. Bytheir numbers<br />
and the economic power that they wield. these people have created de novo a use for<br />
the forests of the region which is both popular in its' appeal and pre;';ing in its .needs,<br />
As foresters. we have not been trdned to meet this ch4Uenge. Our management<br />
techniques are fashioned around the production of wood fOr uses that are of long sranding,<br />
such as lumber. pulpwood or poles. We are not ecpipped to handle the diversity<br />
of use that arises' from the recreational use of forest land nor are we able to prescribe<br />
with any intelligence when confronted by a request for management techniques<br />
that would have the effect of upgrading the aesthetic values of forest property. Here<br />
again, we are reluctant to say categorically that this or that is a weed tree and should<br />
be eltmtnated, For who is to say what is weed arid what is not? We are dealing here<br />
with subjective preference which it is beyond our ability to objectively determine, Our<br />
present asseeament of the greatest good or the highest value that the forests pOssess<br />
may be so altered by the passage of time and the changes that it works that there will<br />
be those who, in future time, will setiously question oUrsanity.<br />
35