Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society
234 we:re used .1n tbe .:r8ll!&1nde:rof tq::@tW\y. Effect of "beat 'J ,';,- " . When a coiuam packed witb'~:'drYed meal wasa~to~lav.d b.fore ext:rac~icm. tbere was no loss of inhibition (Table 3). I&:able.3. Effecit,o~ aut!clcv:1nl on inhlb1t~ of a1£alf,a seed1iaa ..gJ:01l1th. ....... ------_._ .;.;.-.._._.:. ---.. _~,~.'.._-_. ---...-..._-..,..'.'-.~..;.-.._..... _..-..•;..... • '1_ Percent Inhibition Concentration * 5g ./100 ml. 2% g ./100 "g./~OO 518 g./1oo .. 5/].6/100 ..----_ --•.•..••... _-.._-- - - -- ---_..-.-_ ..----~. Autoc1aved 100 87 89 71 Non-Autoc1aved 88 90 85 71 56 Volatile -17 . -_..--_.-_.-_.•-.••••.••••---jllt ••••--.•••--_..•••_-~.--••••••.•.•_-_ . * See footnote Table 1 This showed that the '. inhibitor is .,-, .8t.le at 1200 C _2~ peifor 20 minutes. When'the first 100 iDl. passecn:brough anautoc"!.ved column ltwas .vaporated and the wa,te:r,cODClencedunde:r, _ ....oe pack. The ... ay showed alfalfa seedling growth slishtly. peatier tban ~t, pf the controls. It is evident from this e:cper:lment that the active principle 1.s non·vol.tile.· .. Soxhlet extraction AcOiDparison of extractionefflCiency of severa"!' solvents was made ualng the' Soalet ext:ractor. Art_s1., vuJ,8ari! llleal wu.ti:aClted 48 hours. .-.._.....-.-_.- Table 4 Soxhlet Extr.~JI;~D .....__._...-•.._..._.~~..~_.... _..-....._.. Percent Percent . . gerad:ution . inhibtttea '. . ._-_.---._-_..------_._--...__...._-_._-_._..-~~..~_..-.... ' Control Water Methanol Acetone Eenzetle Xylene Pet Ether Chlorofo:rm 95 00 15 4'5" 85 95 9S 50 '00 100 u 79 8!l 68' 13' 16 71 The solvents were evaporated and the :residu.s shaken with water with a wrist action shaker for 20 minutes. The results showed, the inhib1.tton was most sollable in non·polar solvents (Table 4) • However. there were 1.Dbibttory substaucuJ extracted, by some of'the
non-polar solvents. Table 5 shows that an inhibition extracted with chloro#o~ can be separated from the chloroform by shaking with water in a separatory 'funnel. Similar results were obtained with benzene. Table S. Removal of activity from chloroform with water in a separatory funnel • ._-._._---_..-.-..... _.-..---------------_.-.-.-- Percent geradnation Percent inhibition ---_._.-._-_---.' -.- - _-----_. Extracted Chloroform Water Extract 80 30 24 70' 235 Whenone g. dry meal was asbed at 625OC. for 4 hours and 20 ml. water added to the ash to makeup a test solution, alfalfa seedlings grew as well: as ,controls (Table 6). The ash solution was basic (pH 12.2). HN03was added"to bring the solution to pH 7. However, seedlings grew well in both solutio~s. Growth in the basic solution is explained by spcretion of organic acids from the alfalfa s4edlings as the pH in the basic test bad come down to near pH 7 at the end of 4 days seedling growth. Table 6 The effect of ash on inhibltion of' alfalfa seedlings. Dialysis -----------------~_!~~~~~--_:~~~~~~~~~----- Control 37 00 Ash (No neutral~aatten treatment)' 42 -13 Ash (Neutralized with HN0 3) 39 - 5 .-.~--~._-.--.---...._._..----_..-_. __.._--- Autoclaved extract was placed in cellophane dtalycer tubing and the tubing inserted in a cylinder. Water in the cylinder was changed about 10 times during three days treatment. All material outside the cylinder and the heavy concentrate which did not pass through the casing were concentrated and diluted for asaay. Table 7 shows most of the activity passed through the cellophane tubing.
- Page 183 and 184: The following comments on the vario
- Page 185 and 186: 185 S\:U!U!1fryand ConclWtlon No he
- Page 187 and 188: 187 Table 2. Potato YIelds Followin
- Page 189 and 190: Residue analysis of potatoes treate
- Page 191 and 192: soil temperatures at the time the m
- Page 193 and 194: ( ( ~able 2. Effect of Several Che~
- Page 195 and 196: 195 PROBLEMSIN THEAPPLICATIONOF HER
- Page 197 and 198: 197 scale tests on 2 cOlJllllercial
- Page 199 and 200: l!!!! Experiment A factorial experi
- Page 201 and 202: frOlll plot. at .horter i*nalt (~ t
- Page 203 and 204: 6.50 Table 1. Effe,ct of p"e- an
- Page 205 and 206: 205 EVALUATION0It' DACTHAL * HERBIC
- Page 207 and 208: The 1959 and 1960 replicated field
- Page 209 and 210: 209 TABLEII Average Weed Cont~l Exh
- Page 211 and 212: Where the weed eompleJl;conststs of
- Page 213 and 214: ...... 1.67, 213 Table 1. Effect of
- Page 215 and 216: 215 Table 2. Bffect of pre-plant he
- Page 217 and 218: .217 Pive pre-plant herbicide. were
- Page 219 and 220: 219 Table 1. Effect of pre-p1anthel
- Page 221 and 222: Table 2. tilat' of pre-plantbftb.tc
- Page 223 and 224: l EVALUATIONOF THREEHERBICIDESONPnE
- Page 225 and 226: TABLE2. TIll HIGHESTlATEOFHERBICIDE
- Page 227 and 228: Because of the lush growth of quack
- Page 229 and 230: Table 2. Effects of Herbicides on Q
- Page 231 and 232: Table 3. Effects of Herbicides on A
- Page 233: 233 The inhibitory activity was ass
- Page 237 and 238: 237 Figure I Bioassay of cbrOlll4to
- Page 239 and 240: 239 Weed Control and Residual Effec
- Page 241 and 242: Rototilling was done in June·' SO
- Page 243 and 244: 243 in the spring of 1961 preceedin
- Page 245 and 246: WEEDCONTROL.AR
- Page 247 and 248: Li£erature Cited 1. Chappell. W. E
- Page 249 and 250: Tl'eatments ghing un.811~!8facto%'y
- Page 251 and 252: Table 1. Designa t ion Am1l:)en .\
- Page 253 and 254: Table 3. Percent Broadleat Weed Con
- Page 255 and 256: ,255 CONTROLOF ANNUALWlmDSIN swDT C
- Page 257 and 258: of Casoron per acre was statistical
- Page 259 and 260: ~.-! _ 1.37 ~ Table 2. Sweet Corn Y
- Page 261 and 262: Table 4. Peroent Control ot Ann.ual
- Page 263 and 264: EVALUATIONOF FIVE _~p>I!:S FOR KILL
- Page 265 and 266: 265 STRAWBERRY HERBICIDEINVESTIGATI
- Page 267 and 268: 267 Table 2. Eftect Of'herbicidet~e
- Page 269 and 270: 'h ", 4. Tillam lOG at 5 lb/A a.i.
- Page 271 and 272: Asparagus The results of weed contr
- Page 273 and 274: 273 TABLEII. ~1EED CONTROLANDYIELD
- Page 275 and 276: ~ C'l TABLE tv. lIEE» OON1T..OLAND
- Page 277 and 278: WEEDCONTROLIN TRANSPLANT TOMATOES (
- Page 279 and 280: 279 ·QUACKGRASSCONTROL S.M. Raleig
- Page 281 and 282: 281 table II. The control of:'4oaek
- Page 283 and 284: no cultivation during the growing s
non-polar solvents. Table 5 shows that an inhibition extracted with chloro#o~<br />
can be separated from the chloroform by shaking with water in a separatory 'funnel.<br />
Similar results were obtained with benzene.<br />
Table S. Removal of activity from chloroform with<br />
water in a separatory funnel •<br />
._-._._---_..-.-..... _.-..---------------_.-.-.--<br />
Percent<br />
geradnation<br />
Percent<br />
inhibition<br />
---_._.-._-_---.' -.- - _-----_.<br />
Extracted<br />
Chloroform<br />
Water Extract<br />
80<br />
30<br />
24<br />
70'<br />
235<br />
Whenone g. dry meal was asbed at 625OC. for 4 hours and 20 ml. water<br />
added to the ash to makeup a test solution, alfalfa seedlings grew as well: as<br />
,controls (Table 6). The ash solution was basic (pH 12.2). HN03was added"to<br />
bring the solution to pH 7. However, seedlings grew well in both solutio~s.<br />
Growth in the basic solution is explained by spcretion of organic acids from<br />
the alfalfa s4edlings as the pH in the basic test bad come down to near pH 7<br />
at the end of 4 days seedling growth.<br />
Table 6<br />
The effect of ash on inhibltion of'<br />
alfalfa seedlings.<br />
Dialysis<br />
-----------------~_!~~~~~--_:~~~~~~~~~-----<br />
Control 37 00<br />
Ash (No neutral~aatten<br />
treatment)' 42 -13<br />
Ash (Neutralized<br />
with HN0 3) 39 - 5<br />
.-.~--~._-.--.---...._._..----_..-_.<br />
__.._---<br />
Autoclaved extract was placed in cellophane dtalycer tubing and the tubing<br />
inserted in a cylinder. Water in the cylinder was changed about 10 times during<br />
three days treatment. All material outside the cylinder and the heavy concentrate<br />
which did not pass through the casing were concentrated and diluted for<br />
asaay. Table 7 shows most of the activity passed through the cellophane tubing.
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