KOROR STATE GOVERNMENT MARINE TOUR GUIDE ... - C3

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Unfamiliar, Misuse of and lack of equipment – 15% of all dive accidents are caused because the diver had no watch! If you have equipment that you do not know how to use it can be a hazard. Over-equipped – If your hands are not free and you have heavy equipment, it is difficult to hold on and move around. Tip: Advise divers against the use of heavy camera equipment when conditions are not optimal Information Source: The Environment, Inc. 1994 Tour Guide Handbook. 6.2 Diving Ailments This section is designed to act as a source of reference for common problems and injuries that may occur on a typical dive. ALL DIVE MASTERS AND <strong>TOUR</strong> <strong>GUIDE</strong>S SHOULD BE CERTIFIED IN FIRST AID AND CPR EACH YEAR! Training is available at the Palau Red Cross Society. You need to be certified by a qualified instructor in order to practice and administer first aid and CPR properly. Decompression Illness Decompression Illness (DCI) is a term, which encompasses decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism. This term is often used because the manifestations and management of the two disorders are often identical and because of the difficulty in distinguishing between them. Decompression illness is caused by the presence of gas bubbles in our bodies. The bubbles may have entered the bloodstream as a result of breath holding or inadequate exhalation on ascent; or trapping of air in the lungs due to asthma, mucus, water inhalation, laryngospasm, cough, or cold. On the other hand, the bubbles could be excess nitrogen (or another inert gas), formed in the blood or body tissues as a result of inadequate decompression after a dive. DCI can and does occur on dives that are well within the no-stop limits of various dive tables, and on dives conducted in accordance with various dive computers. The following factors may increase a diver’s likelihood of getting decompression illness even if the tables/computers are followed correctly: • Repetitive diving (especially multiday repetitive diving) • Deeper diving (deeper than 80ft/24m) • Rapid or multiple ascents • Exercise before, during or after the dive • Flying after diving • Dehydration (seasickness, alcohol, diving in the tropics) • Obesity • Fatigue, lack of fitness, illness, stress, previous injury, heart defects • Being cold • Age – risk may increase with age 98
• Carbon dioxide excess • Decompression stop diving • Breath-holding during ascent • Lung disease (due to increased risk of pulmonary barotraumas) NOTE: If symptoms similar to those of decompression illness are present after diving, never exclude decompression illness because of what may appear to be a safe dive according to the tables or computer. Signs and Symptoms Although these usually occur within six hours of diving, they may develop 24 to 48 hours after the dive, or even later if there is altitude exposure after prolonged diving. Decompression illness is frequently accompanied by general malaise (feeling unwell) and extreme fatigue. Although the symptoms of DCI sometimes disappear spontaneously, particularly if oxygen is breathed, medical evaluation and recompression are required to minimize tissue damage and later recurrence of symptoms. Common Signs and Symptoms of DCI Chest, torso, or back pain Dizziness Extreme fatigue Headaches Malaise Other Signs and Symptoms of DCI Blood in stools Blotchy skin Confusion Convulsions Coughing Death Difficulty breathing Difficulty passing urine Hearing loss Lack of coordination Nausea Numbness/tingling sensations Pain/discomfort at or near a joint Weakness Itchy Loss of balance Loss of bladder/bowel control Paralysis Personality change Rash Ringing in ears Impaired consciousness Speech disturbances Visual disturbances 99
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Koror State Government Tour Guide C
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Chapter 4: TRADITIONAL & CONTEMPORA
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Permission to utilize information P
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1.1 Geography of Palau 1.1.1 Locati
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1.1.3 Geology and Formation The vol
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As a result the Traditional Leaders
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sports activities. Tourism has also
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approval of the OEK is the creation
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Chapter 2: The Tour Guide 20
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2.1.3 Roles of the tour guide Apart
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2.4.1 Snorkel in the Comfort Zone T
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when diving, make sure their buoyan
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• When leading a group you must w
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2.9 Interesting Natural History Fac
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weak or non-existent currents. Insi
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the cut and drift along the edge of
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Gozan Maru A 305ft long naval cargo
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Chapter 3: Marine Environment 38
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Though most conservation areas are
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2. Reduce unnecessary burning. Burn
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3.4 Seagrass Beds Palau has extensi
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Usually, spawning occurs 3-5 days a
Page 48 and 49: 3.6 Threats to Coral Reefs 3.6.1 Pr
Page 50 and 51: 3.6.2 Climate Change What is coral
Page 52 and 53: Coral Bleaching Event in Palau The
Page 54 and 55: glacial period, approximately 20,00
Page 56 and 57: Lake and lagoon golden jellyfish al
Page 58 and 59: Jellyfish Lake’s golden jellyfish
Page 60 and 61: How many golden jellyfish inhabit t
Page 62 and 63: anemone population has quickly expa
Page 64 and 65: 3.8 Important Marine Life 3.8.1 Mar
Page 66 and 67: 3.8.3 Sharks A lot of bad publicity
Page 68 and 69: 3.8.5 Sea Snakes and Sea Kraits Alt
Page 70 and 71: Pat Colin Human Impacts Turtle popu
Page 72 and 73: Sources for Additional Reading: The
Page 74: Organization and focus Oceana=works
Page 77 and 78: This section covers a few aspects o
Page 79 and 80: 4.2 Palauan Money Udoud According t
Page 81 and 82: 4.5 Rock Island Art and Historical
Page 83 and 84: 4.6 Stone Monoliths Stone carvings
Page 85 and 86: 4.8 Bai A traditional Palauan meeti
Page 87 and 88: traded metal tools with them, and t
Page 89 and 90: 5.1 Historical Periods The history
Page 91 and 92: 5.1.3 Modern Times At the start of
Page 93 and 94: Site Name Ngerengchol 5.2 Historica
Page 95 and 96: 5.3 Best Practice Guidelines for Si
Page 97: 6.1 An Overview Traditional Knowled
Page 101 and 102: 6. Life-Threatening Emergencies: Ch
Page 103 and 104: 6.3.1 Hazardous marine animal injur
Page 105 and 106: 6.4 Dive Equipment 6.4.1 Dive Equip
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Page 109 and 110: 7.1 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WATER SAFET
Page 111 and 112: proper working order. Each Supervis
Page 113 and 114: 7.3.2 Personal Flotation Device Eve
Page 115 and 116: 7.4 Palau Marine Advisory System Th
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Page 119 and 120: 7.5 KOROR STATE WATER SAFETY REGULA
Page 121 and 122: 7.5.5 Emergency Information a) Be f
Page 123 and 124: 7.5.10 Personal Watercraft (See Kor
Page 125 and 126: making headway, as typified by, but
Page 127 and 128: 7.6.8 Section VIII DEPTH RESTRICTIO
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Page 131 and 132: 8.1 KOROR STATE ROCKS ISLANDS MANAG
Page 133 and 134: 8.2 KOROR STATE ENVIRONMENTAL AND C
Page 135 and 136: Table 2 Designated Tourist Areas an
Page 137 and 138: SUMMARY OF KOROR STATE ENVIORNMENTA
Page 139 and 140: FISHING LICENSES • Koror State Pu
Page 141 and 142: of the entrance to the Ngkisaol isl
Page 143 and 144: Additionally, any violator shall be
Page 145 and 146: of Ngchelobel; the island of Ngeang
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• Protected Sea Life sets regulat
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Table 6: Invertebrate Species Regul
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8.4 Environmental Quality & Protect
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environment” will become especial
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(K) "Licensing or Permitting Agency
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(3) The Class B designation should
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2401-11-27 Palau Discharge Permit A
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(A) The Board may either approve, c
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WATER USE AREAS: CLASSIFICATION AND
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2401-11-48 Contents of Certificatio
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MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 2401-11-56
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DO: Keep all waste on board in pro
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KOROR STATE GOVERNMENT MARINE TOUR GUIDE ... - C3

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