Boonchai Kowaisaiburana kowadisai@yahoo.com Bamrasnaradura ...

Cholera
Boonchai Kowaisaiburana
kowadisai@yahoo.com
Bamrasnaradura Institute

Vibrio cholerae
• Gram negative bacillus with single flagellum
• Antigenic structure : H and O antigen
• Serogroups : O1 and non-O1
• 2 biotypes of V. cholerae O1 : classic and El Tor
• El Tor biotype causes more asymptomatic
infections
• 3 serotypes of V. cholerae O1 : Ogawa ( A, B ),
Inaba ( A, C ) and Hikojima ( A, B, C )

Professor Stanley G. Schultz

Dr. Richard A. Cash, Dr. David R. Nalin, Dr. Dilip Mahalanabis

Practical guidelines
• Evaluate the degree of dehydration on arrival
• 2 phases of rehydration
- rehydration phase : last 2-42
4 h
- maintenance phase : last until diarrhea abates
• Record and review I/O periodically
• Use IV fluid and ORS in appropriate situation

Antibiotic for cholera
• Tetracycline 500 mg PO qid x 3 d
• Norfloxacin 400 mg PO bid x 3 d
• Ciprofloxacin 250 mg/d PO x 3 d
• Doxycycline 300 mg PO single dose
• Ciprofloxacin 1 g PO single dose
• Azithromycin 1 g PO single dose

Thank You