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[628] <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Judgment</strong> 726<br />

with Israel would not be helpful in that effort.<br />

[Emphasis added.]<br />

According to Cohen, a compromise was reached. Israel formally<br />

announced "peaceful intentions" (although clearly Israel still intended to<br />

build a nuclear bomb) and DeGaulle allowed the French companies to<br />

continue working with the Israelis, but the French government withdrew its<br />

direct support.<br />

Of course, DeGaulle's reversal on the issue of what was clearly critical<br />

French support for Israel's nuclear ambitions is quite significant indeed,<br />

particularly in light of what is documented in <strong>Final</strong> <strong>Judgment</strong> regarding the<br />

Mossad-sponsored Permindex operation that came to the fore during Jim<br />

Garrison's JFK assassination inquiry and which had been publicly<br />

connected to at least one assassination attempt on DeGaulle prior to the<br />

assassination of President Kennedy.<br />

JFK'S PRESSURE ON ISRAEL CONTINUES . . .<br />

However, Ben-Gurion's resignation didn't end the conflict between<br />

JFK and Israel. What happened between JFK and the new Israeli prime<br />

minister, Levi Eshkol, is perhaps even more interesting.<br />

Immediately upon Eshkol's succession, JFK wrote a letter to the new<br />

prime minister that was evidently even more strident (at least from the<br />

Israeli perspective) than even JFK's previous communications with Ben-<br />

Gurion. On page 155 Avner Cohen writes:<br />

Not since Eisenhower's message to Ben-Gurion in<br />

the midst of the Suez crisis in November 1956 had an<br />

American president been so blunt with an Israeli prime<br />

minister. Kennedy told Eshkol that the U.S.<br />

commitment and support of Israel "could be seriously<br />

jeopardized" if Israel did not let the United States<br />

obtain "reliable information" about its efforts in the<br />

nuclear field . . . Kennedy's demands were<br />

unprecedented. They amounted, in effect, to an<br />

ultimatum. [Emphasis added]<br />

Cohen noted on page 159 that: From [Eshkol's] perspective,<br />

Kennedy's demands seemed diplomatically inappropriate; they were<br />

inconsistent with national sovereignty. There was no legal basis or political<br />

precedent for such demands," [emphasis added by Michael Collins Piper].<br />

Cohen also points out that "Kennedy's letter precipitated a near-crisis<br />

situation in the prime minister's office."<br />

So Kennedy's pressure on Israel did not end with the resignation of<br />

Ben-Gurion. Thus, the efforts by the STDL librarians to focus on whether or<br />

not JFK's pressure on Ben-Gurion was the "primary" reason for the Israeli<br />

leader's resignation or whether it was only one of several factors was

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