The Social Cancer, by José Rizal - Home

CHAPTER L 230
CHAPTER L
Elias's Story
"Some sixty years ago my grandfather dwelt in Manila, being employed as a bookkeeper in a Spanish
commercial house. He was then very young, was married, and had a son. One night from some unknown
cause the warehouse burned down. The fire was communicated to the dwelling of his employer and from there
to many other buildings. The losses were great, a scapegoat was sought, and the merchant accused my
grandfather. In vain he protested his innocence, but he was poor and unable to pay the great lawyers, so he
was condemned to be flogged publicly and paraded through the streets of Manila. Not so very long since they
still used the infamous method of punishment which the people call the 'caballo y vaca,' [133] and which is a
thousand times more dreadful than death itself. Abandoned by all except his young wife, my grandfather saw
himself tied to a horse, followed by an unfeeling crowd, and whipped on every street-corner in the sight of
men, his brothers, and in the neighborhood of numerous temples of a God of peace. When the wretch, now
forever disgraced, had satisfied the vengeance of man with his blood, his tortures, and his cries, he had to be
taken off the horse, for he had become unconscious. Would to God that he had died! But by one of those
refinements of cruelty he was given his liberty. His wife, pregnant at the time, vainly begged from door to
door for work or alms in order to care for her sick husband and their poor son, but who would trust the wife of
an incendiary and a disgraced man? The wife, then, had to become a prostitute!"
Ibarra rose in his seat.
"Oh, don't get excited! Prostitution was not now a dishonor for her or a disgrace to her husband; for them
honor and shame no longer existed. The husband recovered from his wounds and came with his wife and child
to hide himself in the mountains of this province. Here they lived several months, miserable, alone, hated and
shunned by all. The wife gave birth to a sickly child, which fortunately died. Unable to endure such misery
and being less courageous than his wife, my grandfather, in despair at seeing his sick wife deprived of all care
and assistance, hanged himself. His corpse rotted in sight of the son, who was scarcely able to care for his sick
mother, and the stench from it led to their discovery. Her husband's death was attributed to her, for of what is
the wife of a wretch, a woman who has been a prostitute besides, not believed to be capable? If she swears,
they call her a perjurer; if she weeps, they say that she is acting; and that she blasphemes when she calls on
God. Nevertheless, they had pity on her condition and waited for the birth of another child before they flogged
her. You know how the friars spread the belief that the Indians can only be managed by blows: read what
Padre Gaspar de San Agustin says! [134]
"A woman thus condemned will curse the day on which her child is born, and this, besides prolonging her
torture, violates every maternal sentiment. Unfortunately, she brought forth a healthy child. Two months
afterwards, the sentence was executed to the great satisfaction of the men who thought that thus they were
performing their duty. Not being at peace in these mountains, she then fled with her two sons to a neighboring
province, where they lived like wild beasts, hating and hated. The elder of the two boys still remembered,
even amid so much misery, the happiness of his infancy, so he became a tulisan as soon as he found himself
strong enough. Before long the bloody name of Balat spread from province to province, a terror to the people,
because in his revenge he did everything with blood and fire. The younger, who was by nature kind-hearted,
resigned himself to his shameful fate along with his mother, and they lived on what the woods afforded,
clothing themselves in the cast-off rags of travelers. She had lost her name, being known only as the convict,
the prostitute, the scourged. He was known as the son of his mother only, because the gentleness of his
disposition led every one to believe that he was not the son of the incendiary and because any doubt as to the
morality of the Indians can be held reasonable.
"At last, one day the notorious Balat fell into the clutches of the authorities, who exacted of him a strict
accounting for his crimes, and of his mother for having done nothing to rear him properly. One morning the
younger brother went to look for his mother, who had gone into the woods to gather mushrooms and had not