Scientific Observer Sampling Manual ... - Kimdietrich.com

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12. Observers shall refrain from using bad language, exhibiting bad behavior and making public complaints about other persons on board the vessel or on shore. 13. Observers should attempt to walk away from arguments or confrontations. 14. Observers shall not smoke in areas where this is forbidden. 15. Observers will respect the various customs and cultures of the vessels and crew they are involved with. 16. Observers are not crew. While voluntarily helping out with day to day chores or fish sorting is perfectly acceptable (and encouraged), there are a few things to avoid: deploying/retrieving gear, standing watch or serve as the regular cook. 2-13
3 Essential Information 3.1 Learning Objectives • List five components that must be completed in the Observer Logbook • Describe three types of communications equipment (including advantages and disadvantages of each) • Demonstrate how to call another vessel on the VHF radio • Calculate the distance between two points on a chart • Define random sampling and explain why it is important • List at least three levels where sampling occurs • Describe how to use the random sample and number tables 3.2 Introduction This chapter provides a brief overview of the types of data collected by the SOP and describes the Observer Logbook. Next, it reviews some basic components of at-sea life including nautical terminology, communication options and navigation equipment as well as fundamental statistical concepts. The chapter concludes with tips for the first day or two on board. 3.3 Data collection overview The SOP is tasked with collecting an assortment of data from commercial fisheries. Each type of data serves a specific purpose relating to fisheries management or stock assessment science. There are five primary data types: 1. Fishing Effort Information – This data is used by managers to understand where fish are caught, what gear is used, which species are targeted and how much effort it takes to catch these fish. 2. Total Catch Estimation – the amount of fish and other biological material removed is important for both management and stock assessment. 3. Catch Composition – Catch composition data is used to estimate relative abundance of each species in a haul. It includes the species specific weights and counts. Catch composition also includes an estimate and reason for discards. 4. Biological Data – Biological data is used by stock assessors to gauge the age composition of the population, the length to age ratio, the potential spawning population, and the male to female ratio. It includes determining gender, measuring lengths, taking weights, and collecting age structures from individual fish. 5. Economic Data – Economic data is used by economists to determine profitability of the fisheries. Ideally, this information will be collected directly from vessel owners by the management agency. Each of the data types above are collected at different times and frequencies throughout the trip. For instance, 3-1
Page 1 and 2: Version 1.1 May 1, 2011 West Africa
Page 3 and 4: 4.2 Introduction ..................
Page 5 and 6: 12.4.2 Marine Mammal Carcass Examin
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements The following sour
Page 9 and 10: • Monitoring consists of the coll
Page 11 and 12: 1.4.3 International Management Inst
Page 13 and 14: Figure 1-2 Approximate boundaries o
Page 15 and 16: 2.4 Rights and Responsibilities 2.4
Page 17 and 18: • Achieve a basic familiarity wit
Page 19: vessel captain with an opportunity
Page 23 and 24: within the calculation! It is impor
Page 25 and 26: atmospheric shifts. Lower frequenci
Page 27 and 28: Figure 3-3 Globe with latitude (lef
Page 29 and 30: • Collect as large a sample as po
Page 31 and 32: 3.7 First day(s) on board As soon a
Page 33 and 34: flagged (Appendix 5). Home port Pre
Page 35 and 36: Other Water capacity Fuel capacity
Page 37 and 38: Communications: Circle Yes or No an
Page 39 and 40: Catch sensors Net sensors Hydrophon
Page 41 and 42: Refrigeration Blast freeze? Y / N C
Page 43 and 44: LLD LLS GND Drifting or pelagic lon
Page 45 and 46: Trip Summary Embarkation Departure
Page 47 and 48: 5 Catch Composition Form 5.1 Learni
Page 49 and 50: 7 Pots/traps 8 Other Use for Marine
Page 51 and 52: Observer code Vessel code Trip ID D
Page 53 and 54: Figure 6-1 Bottom and midwater traw
Page 55 and 56: 6.5 Forms/Instructions 6.5.1 Gear D
Page 57 and 58: Beam and Otter Trawl Section For ea
Page 59 and 60: Stretched Mesh Opening - Diamond Me
Page 61 and 62: Figure 6-8 Types of strengthening r
Page 63 and 64: 6-12
Page 65 and 66: 6.5.2 Trawl Effort / Total Catch Fo
Page 67 and 68: Min Long- E/W Depth (bottom) Depth
Page 69 and 70: Each option is discussed in more de
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6.6.1.1 Bin Volumes Total catch is
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in order to obtain a volume. Refer
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Sorting technique of crew- Each ves
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sampling rate for RST#1 is ~70-72%.
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Figure 7-1 Shrimp trawler net confi
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Figure 7-4 Examples of BRDs: A) Fis
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Warp Bridle (door chain) Top leg li
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provided). Funnel Distance from esc
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7-10
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7.5.2 Trawl Effort / Total Catch Fo
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Demersal longline length ranges fro
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Figure 8-2 Gangion configuration. G
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hooks come on board depends on weat
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Figure 8-6 Offset (left) and non-of
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8-22
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this form is obtained through direc
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Hooks - Type* Record the dominant h
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that percent recorded must sum to 1
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8.8 Catch Composition and Biologica
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counted. When tally sampling, obser
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variability caused by setting acros
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10. Note how many gear units were t
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9 Pelagic Longline 9.1 Learning obj
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Figure 9-2 Branchline configuration
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9.6 Forms/Instructions 9.6.1 Gear D
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Line setter / shooter - used to pul
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Figure 9-6 Example Gear Description
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2. 3. (i.e., away from engine cooli
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interval Distance between Weight (g
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Figure 9-8 Example of completed Set
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shark breaks the surface & then the
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using the following definitions: Bl
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hooks’. Most of the time, you sho
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7. Record fishing gear characterist
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Figure 10-2 Diagram of backdown pro
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Total length = total count of hand
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Comments Note the general condition
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activities. The information recorde
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on the binoculars and/or bird radar
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Long-Deg Long-Min Record degrees of
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To ascertain whether the helicopter
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Object No. Sighting No. Set No. Com
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any details in COMMENTS. If the obj
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10-22
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Association How Detected Set Sequen
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as follows: 6A - Whole brail - all
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Figure 10-10 Example of Set Informa
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All Atlantic blue marlin Makaira ni
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The snout should be resting gently
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pectoral girdle. It is the bony ant
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Figure 11-3 Male opah (Lampris gutt
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Cross section (left) and whole (rig
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typically collected for aging purpo
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11.4.2 Invertebrates 11.4.2.1 Stand
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Carapace length (37) Posterior edge
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Figure 11-9 Sex differences in lobs
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some cases, speed of travel. A gree
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• Marine mammals • Sea turtles
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Table 11-4): 01 Fork 02 Total (fish
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2b - spine/ray 2c - otoliths 3 - st
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Tag type Tag location Tag color Who
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• Species ID forms are required f
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12.3.2.1 Landing and Handling Upon
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Figure 12-3 Examples of mouth opene
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3. Sea turtles that revive and beco
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Photos taken: Video? Closest Approa
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Marine Mammal Capture Boarded vesse
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Section caught Animal was able to s
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12-14
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Fgure 12-6 Examples Marine Mammal a
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many species. Starting at the front
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collected. Figure 12-7 Example Mari
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Carapace width Width is the maximum
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Capture Information Date Fill in th
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Was a light stick on the hook? Ligh
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Figure 12-8 Example of Sea Turtle C
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Figure 12-10 Example Seabird Identi
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13.2.3 Document Fully document any
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Billfish (BIL) 06-09 Bycatch (BYC)
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Figure 13-2 Example of a completed
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The FAO IPOA-IUU requests nations t
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form. Activity Speed Hull Material
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Lat-Min Lat-N/S Long-Deg Long-Min L
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16 Health & Safety Information 16.1
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Talk with the crew about safe place
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The vessel may have some on board.
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16.6.2 Hyperthermia & Hypothermia H
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• Intimidating an observer. • B
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2. Refrain from wearing potentially
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16.7.1.1 Survival craft Life rafts
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16.7.1.3 Personal flotation devices
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long distances 16.7.1.5 Emergency C
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suits on the beach) is an internati
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sweeping motion (Figure 16-10). Kee
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Figure 16-11 Righting the life raft
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equipment High water alarm Watertig
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17 References ACCSP. 2004. The Prog
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FAO. 2005-2009. Fishing gears and m
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Schneider, W. 1990. FAO species ide
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Radio, 3-4 emergency channel, 3-4,
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Appendix 4. List of Known IUU Vesse
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Appendix 5. Country & IRCS Codes FA
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Appendix 6. Fishing Gear Codes Full
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Appendix 7. Species Names and Codes
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Apterichtus gracilis Ophichthidae A
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TCY Trachinocephalus myops Snakefis
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Distichodus hypostomatus Citharinid
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BGO Bathygadus macrops Bullseye gre
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MDH Microdesmus aethiopicus Microde
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Lampanyctus nobilis Noble lampfish
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nuchipinnis MTF Malacoctenus africa
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Apogon imberbis Cardinalfish Apogon
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EHN Echeneis naucrates Live sharksu
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tasselfishes nei nca WRF Polyprion
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DEC Dentex dentex Common dentex Den
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DHZ Dicologlossa hexophthalma Ocell
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DLT Diplospinus multistriatus Strip
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SSW Scorpaena angolensis Angola roc
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Argyropelecus sladeni Sladen's hatc
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Stomias lampropeltis Stomiidae STOM
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Bembrops greyi Roundtail duckbill P
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PTM 18-46 Pseudotriakis microdon Fa
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CWO Centrophorus spp Gulper sharks
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BYH Bathyraja hesperafricana West A
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CSS Scleractinia Hard corals, madre
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MTS Squilla mantis Spottail mantis
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B.brydei) BLW Balaenoptera musculus
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WAM Trichechus senegalensis West Af
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Appendix 8. International and Natio
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Appendix 10. Common Formulas & Conv
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Appendix 11. Random Number Tables H
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Appendix 12. Sea State Beaufort Win
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Appendix 14. International Conventi
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Appendix 15. CITES Listed Marine Ve
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Appendix 16. Glossary / Acronyms Ab
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Chase 4 - Pursuing marine mammals w
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confused with terms such as deadwei
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REC - Regional Economic Communities
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18-80
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