Affinity Chromatography - Department of Molecular and Cellular ...
Affinity Chromatography - Department of Molecular and Cellular ...
Affinity Chromatography - Department of Molecular and Cellular ...
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Introduction<br />
Biomolecules are purified using purification techniques that separate according to differences<br />
in specific properties, as shown in Figure 1.<br />
Property<br />
Biorecognition (lig<strong>and</strong> specificity)<br />
Charge<br />
Size<br />
Hydrophobicity<br />
Technique*<br />
<strong>Affinity</strong> chromatography<br />
Ion exchange chromatography<br />
Gel filtration (sometimes called size exclusion)<br />
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography<br />
Reversed phase chromatography<br />
*Exp<strong>and</strong>ed bed adsorption is a technique used for large-scale purification. Proteins can be purified from crude sample<br />
without the need for separate clarification, concentration <strong>and</strong> initial purification to remove particulate matter. The<br />
STREAMLINE adsorbents, used for exp<strong>and</strong>ed bed adsorption, capture the target molecules using the same principles<br />
as affinity, ion exchange or hydrophobic interaction chromatography.<br />
Gel filtration Hydrophobic interaction Ion exchange <strong>Affinity</strong> Reversed phase<br />
Fig. 1. Separation principles in chromatographic purification.<br />
<strong>Affinity</strong> chromatography separates proteins on the basis <strong>of</strong> a reversible interaction between<br />
a protein (or group <strong>of</strong> proteins) <strong>and</strong> a specific lig<strong>and</strong> coupled to a chromatographic matrix.<br />
The technique <strong>of</strong>fers high selectivity, hence high resolution, <strong>and</strong> usually high capacity for<br />
the protein(s) <strong>of</strong> interest. Purification can be in the order <strong>of</strong> several thous<strong>and</strong>-fold <strong>and</strong><br />
recoveries <strong>of</strong> active material are generally very high.<br />
<strong>Affinity</strong> chromatography is unique in purification technology since it is the only technique<br />
that enables the purification <strong>of</strong> a biomolecule on the basis <strong>of</strong> its biological function or<br />
individual chemical structure. Purification that would otherwise be time-consuming,<br />
difficult or even impossible using other techniques can <strong>of</strong>ten be easily achieved with affinity<br />
chromatography. The technique can be used to separate active biomolecules from denatured<br />
or functionally different forms, to isolate pure substances present at low concentration in<br />
large volumes <strong>of</strong> crude sample <strong>and</strong> also to remove specific contaminants.<br />
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech <strong>of</strong>fers a wide variety <strong>of</strong> prepacked columns, ready to use<br />
media, <strong>and</strong> pre-activated media for lig<strong>and</strong> coupling.<br />
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