Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
In addition to this there are two Krishi Vigyan Kendra in the Garhwal and Kumaun region. The extension machinery is supported by 5 Krishi Gyan Kendra‟s situated in different regions of the state. Similarly the State Agriculture University also has under its preview to carry out its extension activity. The G. B. Pant University has an extension department, which is doing extension services in the state. It is presently providing extension services to 11 of the 13 districts of Uttaranchal. It uses its various research stations, KVK‟s and KGK‟s to extend extension services. Even though the State University has an elaborate extension department, the results of their in Uttarakhand agriculture are yet to be seen. One of the reasons for this could be the University was earlier catering to the requirements of 28 districts entire Uttar Pradesh, hence could not devote special attention and focus required for Hill agriculture. The challenge before the state is to streamline the extension services expertise to the development of prosperous agriculture in Uttaranchal. The state has to look into these constraints at priority and to augment the extension services provided by the University proactively and innovatively for the benefit of agriculture in the state. NGO‟s in Agriculture : There are more than 250 active NGO‟s in the state, who have been working very closely with the rural population of the state. The NGO‟s have been instrumental in providing a crucial link to the rural masses of Uttaranchal. They also become well acquainted with the issues and needs of the rural masses. They work on the specific projects and the achievements made by the end of the project are not sustainable in most of the cases. The requirement today is sustainability of the initiatives undertaken. The improvements and developments achieved by the particular projects should lead to sustainable improvements and development of the target group. The success stories should be replicated in other regions of the state. The state could utilize their services by broad banding the specific projects, streamlining and providing a focused approach to deliver sustainable development of rural masses and region. The state machinery should facilitate and augment their work with a proactive approach. 76
Even though such an infrastructure is available for extension services, still we find that Uttarakhand agriculture is at the subsistence level. Looking at the rate of technology transfer we may conclude that the present system is inefficient. The present system is unable to provide farmers with timely and practical solutions. The system at present is less responsive to the changing scenario. These activities are currently taken up as routine assignments and not as drivers of change. Given the diverse agro climatic conditions of the state and the difficult terrain. The state needs to revamp the approach of extension to make it more action oriented and responsive to the needs of farming community. The state needs to take an area specific as well as focused approach. INFRASTRUCTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL GAPS Importance of infrastructure in agriculture and rural development are well documented. It is estimated that 15% of crop produce is lost between the farm gate and the consumer because of poor roads and inappropriate storage facilities alone, thereby adversely influencing income of farmers (World Bank 1997). Improved infrastructure also leads to expansion of markets, economies of scale, and improvement in factor market operations. The development of rural infrastructure helps to enlarge markets with greater access to factors of production. Easier access to markets allows an expansion of the production of perishable and transport-cost- intensive products. It can also lead to a conversion of latent demand into effective commercial demand. These effects of infrastructure accentuate the process of commercialization in agriculture and rural sector (Jaffee and Morton 1995). Further, any investment that helps to increase rural production, income and employment also helps to reduce poverty. Roads play an important role in the development of the economy. Bonney (1964) observed that there was a direct relationship between increase in acreage of export crop cultivation and the standard of road and distance from main commercial centers. There is enhanced entrepreneurial activity, sharp decline in freight and passenger charges and improved service as a result of investment on rural roads. While analyzing the socio- 77
- Page 35 and 36: Major forest types occurring in the
- Page 37 and 38: alance study has been conducted in
- Page 39 and 40: Uttarakhand. The Company targets a
- Page 41 and 42: Payment for ecosystem services: The
- Page 43 and 44: consumption. Sheep are held in larg
- Page 45 and 46: Natural lakes: Uttarakhand is havin
- Page 47 and 48: selling of agricultural produce and
- Page 49 and 50: Micro Credit : The State of Uttarak
- Page 51 and 52: Champawat, Dehradun, Pauri Garhwal,
- Page 53 and 54: The district which are having high
- Page 55 and 56: Uttarakhand has about 13 percent of
- Page 57 and 58: star if developed. The Delhi market
- Page 59 and 60: Weakness: Lack of sub-reg
- Page 61 and 62: products can be prepared from these
- Page 63 and 64: 4. Irrigation facilities are poor -
- Page 65 and 66: ANALYSIS OF ISSUES IN LIVESTOCK MAN
- Page 67 and 68: The forests cover 63.44 percent of
- Page 69 and 70: parts of the state. So there is a n
- Page 71 and 72: staples. Traditionally in the Himal
- Page 73 and 74: culture of carps in the plain distr
- Page 75 and 76: Cooperatives: The objective of orga
- Page 77 and 78: Rating of SHGs is an important requ
- Page 79 and 80: For planning of marketing strategie
- Page 81 and 82: Exhibit-3-VI- Focus issues in Agri
- Page 83 and 84: 7. Developing of farm equipment /ma
- Page 85: Exhibit 3-VII Agriculture Extension
- Page 89 and 90: The maintenance of roads as per the
- Page 91 and 92: the agricultural sector. Profession
- Page 93 and 94: CHAPTER - 4 MAJOR PROGRAMS / SCHEME
- Page 95 and 96: watershed basis are being sanctione
- Page 97 and 98: ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PROGRAMS/ SCHEM
- Page 99 and 100: people. Not all focus group members
- Page 101 and 102: The overall aims and objectives of
- Page 103 and 104: Project objective of regenerating e
- Page 105 and 106: conservation. Similarly, analysis o
- Page 107 and 108: 5. The number of people provided la
- Page 109 and 110: CHAPTER - 5 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES T
- Page 111 and 112: Thus the main issues which need to
- Page 113 and 114: possible impacts on natural resourc
- Page 115 and 116: The fact is that the fodder crisis
- Page 117 and 118: already constrained due to mountain
- Page 119 and 120: strategies has to be shifted toward
- Page 121 and 122: CHAPTER - 6 VISION AND MISSION Utta
- Page 123 and 124: CHAPTER -7 PERSPECTIVE NEED FOR PER
- Page 125 and 126: Out of the 537 untreated MWS, 409 m
- Page 127 and 128: financial autonomy in implementing
- Page 129 and 130: Drainage line treatment is essentia
- Page 131 and 132: Integrated pest & disease managemen
- Page 133 and 134: If reduces the application of pesti
- Page 135 and 136: source of the people. The project h
Even though such an infrastructure is available for extension services, still we find that<br />
<strong>Uttarakhand</strong> agriculture is at the subsistence level. Looking at the rate <strong>of</strong> technology<br />
transfer we may conclude that the present system is inefficient. The present system is<br />
unable to provide farmers with timely and practical solutions. The system at present is<br />
less responsive to the changing scenario. These activities are currently taken up as<br />
routine assignments and not as drivers <strong>of</strong> change.<br />
Given the diverse agro climatic conditions <strong>of</strong> the state and the difficult terrain. The state<br />
needs to revamp the approach <strong>of</strong> extension to make it more action oriented and<br />
responsive to the needs <strong>of</strong> farming community. The state needs to take an area specific<br />
as well as focused approach.<br />
INFRASTRUCTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL GAPS<br />
Importance <strong>of</strong> infrastructure in agriculture and rural development are well documented. It<br />
is estimated that 15% <strong>of</strong> crop produce is lost between the farm gate and the consumer<br />
because <strong>of</strong> poor roads and inappropriate storage facilities alone, thereby adversely<br />
influencing income <strong>of</strong> farmers (World Bank 1997). Improved infrastructure also leads to<br />
expansion <strong>of</strong> markets, economies <strong>of</strong> scale, and improvement in factor market<br />
operations. The development <strong>of</strong> rural infrastructure helps to enlarge markets with<br />
greater access to factors <strong>of</strong> production. Easier access to markets allows an expansion <strong>of</strong><br />
the production <strong>of</strong> perishable and transport-cost- intensive products. It can also lead to a<br />
conversion <strong>of</strong> latent demand into effective commercial demand. These effects <strong>of</strong><br />
infrastructure accentuate the process <strong>of</strong> commercialization in agriculture and rural sector<br />
(Jaffee and Morton 1995). Further, any investment that helps to increase rural<br />
production, income and employment also helps to reduce poverty.<br />
Roads play an important role in the development <strong>of</strong> the economy. Bonney (1964)<br />
observed that there was a direct relationship between increase in acreage <strong>of</strong> export crop<br />
cultivation and the standard <strong>of</strong> road and distance from main commercial centers. There<br />
is enhanced entrepreneurial activity, sharp decline in freight and passenger charges and<br />
improved service as a result <strong>of</strong> investment on rural roads. While analyzing the socio-<br />
77
Change language