Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
nation. The Terms of reference of the 13th Finance Commission states that in making its recommendations, the Commission should consider "the need to manage ecology, environment and climate change consistent with sustainable development." It is essential to regenerate degraded forest and wastelands. A large area of degraded land in the state can be reclaimed as most of the land needs only basic water and soil conservation measures and some amount of plantation and protective work. Agroforestry can play an immensely important role in the rural economy. The wasteland can be converted to grow plants, fodder and fuel. All the hill districts have more than 60 per cent of the area under forest. Thus, many of the livelihood options in these regions depend on forest-based products. The maximum pasture and grazing land is in Bageshwar, Champawat and Pithoragarh; this is crucial for better fodder availability for livestock in these districts. Champawat also has large tracts of fallow land due to poverty, lack of water and the un-remunerative nature of farming. LIVESTOCK Uttarakhand has a mix of almost all domesticated species of livestock, very large in numbers and very low in productivity, across the board. In economic terms they are a wealth indeed, low productivity not-withstanding, as the sector supports livelihoods of nearly 80 per cent of the rural households in the state, at least in part in the majority of cases and in full in some (tribals and nomads exclusively living off livestock). Livestock production in Uttarakhand is the endeavour of the small holder (marginal, small and landless) and takes place in millions of small and tiny holdings scattered across the state. The predominant farming system is mixed crop-livestock farming, both in the plains as well as the hills, irrigated in the plains and rain fed in the hills. Individual livestock holdings are small (5 or 6 animals), often made up of a mix of different species, the combination made up invariably of cattle and or buffalo and goat. Cattle are the most popular species and are farmed for milk production in the plains (commercial); and in the hills for work animal production as well as for milk for home 32
consumption. Sheep are held in larger flocks of 10-15 animals along with a few goats in some cases, except by the tribals and nomads where flocks are much larger (100–1000 of sheep, goats or both) and migratory (summer grazing in the alpine pastures in the upper reaches). Distribution of livestock is equitable, almost 80 per cent of all species and types are owned by the marginal farmers. Much smaller percentages are held by the small farmers. Land less rural households own milch animals where milk marketing infrastructure exists; and local poultry, often for supporting family nutrition. Income from livestock are for these reasons more equitably distributed compared to income from land. Major Livestock Products in Uttarakhand are Milk, Meat, Eggs, Wool and Work Output. During the course of centuries the livestock rearing is well spread over in the life of mountainous community and until 50 yrs. back the livestock raised by the villagers were the status symbol and indicator of prosperity. Even today the livestock enterprises are important for the economic development of hilly region. In terms of fodder availability mainly in the plain districts of Uttarakhand fodder crops are cultivated Udhamsingh Nagar and Haridwar district has more than 10000 ha. area under fodder crop. In terms of grazing land availability the hill districts particularly in the higher Himalayas grazing lands known as Bugyals are predominant. The district of Pithoragarh, Chamoli, Pauri Garhwal, Almora and Bageshwar have more than 20000 ha. of grazing land available. With the introduction of cross breed, mix cross bred indigenous cattle are found in the state with Dehradun, Nainital, Udhamsingh Nagar and Haridwar having more than cross bred cattle availability. Among the buffalos improved varieties are present in all the districts of the state with Udhamsingh Nagar, Haridwar and Dehradun leading in numbers. Amongst the sheep‟s improved varieties are found a maximum in Uttarkashi district. Goatary and poultry are also very popular in all the district of the state (Annexure Table 2.16). An average of 2.35 liters per household per day production of milk has been recorded which is much better than the national 33
- Page 1 and 2: Uttarakhand State Perspective and S
- Page 3 and 4: Chapter-3 - Status of Rainfed Areas
- Page 5 and 6: UTTARAKHAND STATE PERSPECTIVE AND S
- Page 7 and 8: 2. Enhancing Livelihood Opportuniti
- Page 9 and 10: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AWP APMC BPL
- Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Uttarakhand
- Page 13 and 14: The State supports about 4.75 milli
- Page 15 and 16: 1. Participatory Watershed Developm
- Page 17 and 18: ii. Almora iii. Pithoragarh iv. Cha
- Page 19 and 20: iv. Trans-Himalayas: Also known as
- Page 21 and 22: LAND USE Like most other hill econo
- Page 23 and 24: kharak and Satopanth glaciers. The
- Page 25 and 26: 5 Tehri 134 4,14,588 6 Rudraprayag
- Page 27 and 28: IRRIGATION STATUS As mentioned earl
- Page 29 and 30: AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- Page 31 and 32: As per (Annexure Table 2.8) the cro
- Page 33 and 34: Herbal and Medicinal plants : Uttar
- Page 35 and 36: Major forest types occurring in the
- Page 37 and 38: alance study has been conducted in
- Page 39 and 40: Uttarakhand. The Company targets a
- Page 41: Payment for ecosystem services: The
- Page 45 and 46: Natural lakes: Uttarakhand is havin
- Page 47 and 48: selling of agricultural produce and
- Page 49 and 50: Micro Credit : The State of Uttarak
- Page 51 and 52: Champawat, Dehradun, Pauri Garhwal,
- Page 53 and 54: The district which are having high
- Page 55 and 56: Uttarakhand has about 13 percent of
- Page 57 and 58: star if developed. The Delhi market
- Page 59 and 60: Weakness: Lack of sub-reg
- Page 61 and 62: products can be prepared from these
- Page 63 and 64: 4. Irrigation facilities are poor -
- Page 65 and 66: ANALYSIS OF ISSUES IN LIVESTOCK MAN
- Page 67 and 68: The forests cover 63.44 percent of
- Page 69 and 70: parts of the state. So there is a n
- Page 71 and 72: staples. Traditionally in the Himal
- Page 73 and 74: culture of carps in the plain distr
- Page 75 and 76: Cooperatives: The objective of orga
- Page 77 and 78: Rating of SHGs is an important requ
- Page 79 and 80: For planning of marketing strategie
- Page 81 and 82: Exhibit-3-VI- Focus issues in Agri
- Page 83 and 84: 7. Developing of farm equipment /ma
- Page 85 and 86: Exhibit 3-VII Agriculture Extension
- Page 87 and 88: Even though such an infrastructure
- Page 89 and 90: The maintenance of roads as per the
- Page 91 and 92: the agricultural sector. Profession
consumption. Sheep are held in larger flocks <strong>of</strong> 10-15 animals along with a few goats in<br />
some cases, except by the tribals and nomads where flocks are much larger (100–1000<br />
<strong>of</strong> sheep, goats or both) and migratory (summer grazing in the alpine pastures in the<br />
upper reaches).<br />
Distribution <strong>of</strong> livestock is equitable, almost 80 per cent <strong>of</strong> all species and types are<br />
owned by the marginal farmers. Much smaller percentages are held by the small<br />
farmers. <strong>Land</strong> less rural households own milch animals where milk marketing<br />
infrastructure exists; and local poultry, <strong>of</strong>ten for supporting family nutrition. Income from<br />
livestock are for these reasons more equitably distributed compared to income from<br />
land.<br />
Major Livestock Products in <strong>Uttarakhand</strong> are Milk, Meat, Eggs, Wool and Work Output.<br />
During the course <strong>of</strong> centuries the livestock rearing is well spread over in the life <strong>of</strong><br />
mountainous community and until 50 yrs. back the livestock raised by the villagers were<br />
the status symbol and indicator <strong>of</strong> prosperity. Even today the livestock enterprises are<br />
important for the economic development <strong>of</strong> hilly region.<br />
In terms <strong>of</strong> fodder availability mainly in the plain districts <strong>of</strong> <strong>Uttarakhand</strong> fodder crops<br />
are cultivated Udhamsingh Nagar and Haridwar district has more than 10000 ha. area<br />
under fodder crop. In terms <strong>of</strong> grazing land availability the hill districts particularly in the<br />
higher Himalayas grazing lands known as Bugyals are predominant. The district <strong>of</strong><br />
Pithoragarh, Chamoli, Pauri Garhwal, Almora and Bageshwar have more than 20000<br />
ha. <strong>of</strong> grazing land available. With the introduction <strong>of</strong> cross breed, mix cross bred<br />
indigenous cattle are found in the state with Dehradun, Nainital, Udhamsingh Nagar and<br />
Haridwar having more than cross bred cattle availability. Among the buffalos improved<br />
varieties are present in all the districts <strong>of</strong> the state with Udhamsingh Nagar, Haridwar<br />
and Dehradun leading in numbers. Amongst the sheep‟s improved varieties are found a<br />
maximum in Uttarkashi district. Goatary and poultry are also very popular in all the<br />
district <strong>of</strong> the state (Annexure Table 2.16). An average <strong>of</strong> 2.35 liters per household per<br />
day production <strong>of</strong> milk has been recorded which is much better than the national<br />
33
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