Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources Uttarakhand - Department of Land Resources
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants At present, our agricultural system is dominated by a certain group of crops as more than 80% of our food comes from about 10 species only. Under such circumstances, crop diversification will be a boon from ecological as well as nutritional point of view. Concept of diversification is need based as well as economically viable. It is helpful in ensuring better soil health, better utilization of resources, nutrient recycling, efficient nutrient use, aversion of risk and uncertainty, decreased weed infestation etc. Inclusion of medicinal and aromatic plants, ornamental flowers with fruit trees and fuel and fodder trees may be remunerative cropping system. The high biodiversity by different climatic zones of Uttarakhand hold immense potential for enhancing livelihoods through medical and aromatic crop cultivation. The variations in microclimate over short distance, increases the potential for agro diversity and range of the natural resource produce. Uttarakhand supports a large number of medicinal plants, which are extensively used by the pharmaceutical industry for preparation of drugs used in Indian System of Medicine. These plants are either used as single (e.g. SHATAVARI from Asparagus racemosus) or multi-herb products (e.g. CHYAWANPRASH containing amla fruit and several herbs). The degree of threat to natural populations of such medicinal plants has increased because more than 90% of medicinal plant raw material for herbal industries in India and for export is drawn from natural habitats. In this context, medicinal plants of Uttarakhand can open avenues of economic growth in the emerging world market. The State Government has taken initiative to promote medicinal and aromatic plant cultivation through involvement of public and private sector in nurseries/planting material, establishment of herbal mandies and processing/distillation units, simplified transit rules. State Government has prioritized 26 potential species of medicinal and aromatic plant for promotion of cultivation. Due to non tradition of cultivation of medicinal, aromatic and dye plants, these were rarely tested and tried for domestication and for propagation and mainstream cultivation for marketing and livelihood promotion or as a supplementary income 124
source of the people. The project has great potential to take up this challenge and provide opportunity to the people to its project area for a sustainable livelihood program. The following table gives details of the potentially recommended medicinal plants and culinary herbs for promotion in the project area. More number of the species of crops, plants and herbs of different medicinal values has been provided for the final choice for selection and also maintaining biodiversity and risk of failure of any mono crop from farmers point. Table 7-b List of medicinal and aromatic plants for cultivation purposes Sl. No. Name of Crops /Plant/Herbs Botanical Name Altitude (ft.) CROP SPECIES 1. Satavari Asparagus racemosus 2500-5500 2. Chirayata Swertia chirayita 5500-7000 3. Aswagandha Withania Somnifera 2500-4500 4. Giloy Tinospora Cordifolia 2500-5000 5. Meethi Tulsi Stevia repaudiana Upto 3000 PLANT SPECIES 1. Reetha Sapindus mukorossi Upto 5000 2. Baheda Terminalia Bellirica Upto 4000 3. Harar Terminalia chebula Upto 4000 4. Amla Emblica officinalis Upto 6000 CULINARY HERB SPECIES 1. Thyme Thymus valgaris Upto 4000 2. Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis Upto 4000 3. Oregano Oreganum valgare Upto 4500 4. Sweet Marjoram Origanum marjorana Upto 3000 5. Mint Mentha piperita Upto 3500 Floriculture: Uttarakhand has special advantage to grow different kinds of flowers crops around the year because it is endowed with conducive agro-climatic conditions, cheap labor, vast natural resources, low production cost etc. increase awareness about the potential of this sector will encourage many progressive growers and entrepreneurs to take up floriculture as a commercial enterprise.
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Medicinal and Aromatic Plants<br />
At present, our agricultural system is dominated by a certain group <strong>of</strong> crops as more<br />
than 80% <strong>of</strong> our food comes from about 10 species only. Under such circumstances,<br />
crop diversification will be a boon from ecological as well as nutritional point <strong>of</strong> view.<br />
Concept <strong>of</strong> diversification is need based as well as economically viable. It is helpful<br />
in ensuring better soil health, better utilization <strong>of</strong> resources, nutrient recycling,<br />
efficient nutrient use, aversion <strong>of</strong> risk and uncertainty, decreased weed infestation<br />
etc. Inclusion <strong>of</strong> medicinal and aromatic plants, ornamental flowers with fruit trees<br />
and fuel and fodder trees may be remunerative cropping system.<br />
The high biodiversity by different climatic zones <strong>of</strong> <strong>Uttarakhand</strong> hold immense<br />
potential for enhancing livelihoods through medical and aromatic crop cultivation.<br />
The variations in microclimate over short distance, increases the potential for agro<br />
diversity and range <strong>of</strong> the natural resource produce.<br />
<strong>Uttarakhand</strong> supports a large number <strong>of</strong> medicinal plants, which are extensively<br />
used by the pharmaceutical industry for preparation <strong>of</strong> drugs used in Indian System<br />
<strong>of</strong> Medicine. These plants are either used as single (e.g. SHATAVARI from<br />
Asparagus racemosus) or multi-herb products (e.g. CHYAWANPRASH containing<br />
amla fruit and several herbs). The degree <strong>of</strong> threat to natural populations <strong>of</strong> such<br />
medicinal plants has increased because more than 90% <strong>of</strong> medicinal plant raw<br />
material for herbal industries in India and for export is drawn from natural habitats. In<br />
this context, medicinal plants <strong>of</strong> <strong>Uttarakhand</strong> can open avenues <strong>of</strong> economic growth<br />
in the emerging world market.<br />
The State Government has taken initiative to promote medicinal and aromatic plant<br />
cultivation through involvement <strong>of</strong> public and private sector in nurseries/planting<br />
material, establishment <strong>of</strong> herbal mandies and processing/distillation units, simplified<br />
transit rules. State Government has prioritized 26 potential species <strong>of</strong> medicinal and<br />
aromatic plant for promotion <strong>of</strong> cultivation.<br />
Due to non tradition <strong>of</strong> cultivation <strong>of</strong> medicinal, aromatic and dye plants, these were<br />
rarely tested and tried for domestication and for propagation and mainstream<br />
cultivation for marketing and livelihood promotion or as a supplementary income<br />
124
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