Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...

6.2.1 Surface Tensions <strong>of</strong> Liquids ....................................................................................................................... 78
6.2.1.1 Du Noüy Ring Method ..................................................................................................................... 79
6.2.1.2 Wilhelmy Plate Method ................................................................................................................... 79
6.2.1.3 Lucas-Washburn’ Method ................................................................................................................ 80
6.2.1.4 Surface Tensions <strong>of</strong> Classical Liquids ............................................................................................. 80
6.2.2 Surface Energy <strong>of</strong> Solids ............................................................................................................................ 80
6.2.2.1 Young-Dupré’ Equation ................................................................................................................... 80
6.2.2.2 Model <strong>of</strong> Owens-Wendt : Two Components Theory ....................................................................... 81
6.2.2.3 Model <strong>of</strong> Good-Van Oss : Three Components Theory .................................................................... 83
7 Designs <strong>of</strong> Experiments ................................................................................................................................ 84
7.1 Modelization Plans: Doehlert’s Design ................................................................................................................. 84
7.2 Screening Plans: Taguchi’ Design ......................................................................................................................... 85
8 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 86
Chapter 4 ........................................................................................................................................................ 87
1 Procedure for Size Reduction ....................................................................................................................... 87
1.1 Size Reduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 87
1.1.1 Size Reduction by Knife Mill ..................................................................................................................... 87
1.1.2 Tumbling Ball Mill Grinding ...................................................................................................................... 88
1.2 Sieving <strong>of</strong> Ground Material ................................................................................................................................... 89
1.3 Mixing <strong>of</strong> Polymer Powder with Fillers ................................................................................................................ 89
1.3.1 Simple Mixing <strong>of</strong> Polymer Powder with Fillers ......................................................................................... 90
1.3.2 Co-grinding in <strong>the</strong> Tumbling Ball Mill ....................................................................................................... 90
1.4 Preparation <strong>of</strong> Pellets by Dry Method ................................................................................................................... 91
1.4.1 Evacuable Pellet Die ................................................................................................................................... 91
1.4.2 Procedure to Prepare Pellets ....................................................................................................................... 92
1.4.2.1 Preparation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Die ...................................................................................................................... 93
1.4.2.2 Loading <strong>the</strong> Die ................................................................................................................................ 93
1.4.2.3 Processing <strong>the</strong> Pellets ....................................................................................................................... 93
1.4.2.4 Removing <strong>the</strong> Pellets ....................................................................................................................... 93
1.5 Preparation <strong>of</strong> Pellets by Wet Method ................................................................................................................... 93
2 ScCO 2 Foaming Process ............................................................................................................................... 94
2.1 SEPAREX TM SF200 scCO 2 Pilot Plant ................................................................................................................. 94
2.1.1 Experimental Device .................................................................................................................................. 94
2.1.2 Setup One: Filling <strong>the</strong> Chamber with Teflon ® ............................................................................................ 96
2.1.3 Setup Two: Filling <strong>the</strong> Chamber with Glass Beads .................................................................................... 96
2.2 SEPAREX SFC6 scCO 2 Laboratory Plant ........................................................................................................ 96
2.2.1 Experimental Device .................................................................................................................................. 96
2.2.2 Experimental Procedure .............................................................................................................................. 96
2.2.2.1 Initial Filling <strong>of</strong> Chamber with CO 2 ................................................................................................. 97
2.2.2.2 Variations <strong>of</strong> Saturation Pressure and Temperature Holding For Time t ......................................... 98
2.2.2.3 Depressurization <strong>of</strong> CO 2 .................................................................................................................. 98
3 Protocols for Analysis .................................................................................................................................. 99
3.1 Granulometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 99
3.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry ...................................................................................................................... 100
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