Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
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Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 27<br />
1 Generalities <strong>on</strong> Polymer Foams .................................................................................................................... 27<br />
2 Manufacturing <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Porous Materials by Wet Methods .................................................................................. 28<br />
2.1 Solvent Casting/Particulate Leaching .................................................................................................................... 28<br />
2.2 Ice Particle-Leaching ............................................................................................................................................. 29<br />
2.3 Gas-Foaming/Salt-Leaching Technique ................................................................................................................ 30<br />
2.4 Gel-Pressing Technique ......................................................................................................................................... 31<br />
2.5 PLGA Microspheres for Tissue-Engineered Scaffold ........................................................................................... 32<br />
2.6 Particle-Aggregated Scaffolds Technique ............................................................................................................. 33<br />
2.7 Freeze-Drying Method .......................................................................................................................................... 33<br />
2.8 <strong>The</strong>rmally Induced Phase Separati<strong>on</strong> (TIPS) Technique ....................................................................................... 34<br />
2.9 Centrifugati<strong>on</strong> Method .......................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
2.10 Injectable <strong>The</strong>rmosensitive Gel Technique ........................................................................................................... 36<br />
2.11 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separati<strong>on</strong> Technique .......................................................................................................... 37<br />
2.12 Solid-Liquid Phase Separati<strong>on</strong> Technique ............................................................................................................. 38<br />
2.13 Fibre Mesh/Fibre B<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong>g Technique .................................................................................................................. 38<br />
2.14 Hydrocarb<strong>on</strong> Templating Technique ..................................................................................................................... 38<br />
2.15 Microspheres B<strong>on</strong>ding Technique ......................................................................................................................... 39<br />
2.16 Rapid Prototyping Techniques .............................................................................................................................. 39<br />
2.16.1 Three Dimensi<strong>on</strong>al Printing (3 DP) ............................................................................................................ 40<br />
2.16.2 Stereolithography (SLA)............................................................................................................................. 40<br />
2.17 O<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r Derivated Techniques .................................................................................................................................. 41<br />
2.17.1 Combinati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Leaching <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a Fugitive Phase and Polymer Precipitati<strong>on</strong> ................................................. 41<br />
2.17.2 Phase-Change Jet Printing .......................................................................................................................... 42<br />
3 Polymer Processing by Supercritical Fluids ................................................................................................. 42<br />
3.1 Bases <strong>on</strong> Supercritical Fluids ................................................................................................................................ 42<br />
3.2 Basic Techniques in Supercritical Fluids Technology .......................................................................................... 44<br />
3.3 Scaffolds Prepared by Phase Inversi<strong>on</strong> using scCO 2 as Anti-solvent .................................................................... 45<br />
3.4 Scaffolds Prepared by scCO2 Foaming ................................................................................................................. 46<br />
4 <strong>The</strong>oretical Background <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Gas Foaming ..................................................................................................... 48<br />
4.1 Diffusi<strong>on</strong> ................................................................................................................................................................ 48<br />
4.2 Plasticizati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Polymers by CO 2 ........................................................................................................................ 51<br />
4.3 Nucleati<strong>on</strong> ............................................................................................................................................................. 53<br />
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