Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
Influence of the Processes Parameters on the Properties of The ...
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Chapter 4.<br />
Experimental Procedures and Protocols for Analyses<br />
poured into a petri dish. <strong>The</strong> petri dish is kept at room temperature for 48 hours, so that <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> solvent may<br />
evaporate completely. After complete drying, thick film <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> polymer matrix is pealed <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f from <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> petri dish.<br />
By using die cutter pellets <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> polymer matrix <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> required diameter (8, 10, 12 and 14 mm) are processed<br />
(cf. Figure 4.9).<br />
Polymer powder<br />
A<br />
Acet<strong>on</strong>e Chlor<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>orm<br />
Water bath with<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rmostat<br />
Pouring polymer +<br />
solvent in petri dish<br />
Die cutter<br />
Gloves<br />
Balance<br />
C<br />
D<br />
Polymer thick<br />
film 1.5~2.0 mm<br />
B<br />
Solvent and<br />
polymer<br />
E<br />
48 hr drying to<br />
evaporate solvent<br />
F<br />
Pellets <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
different<br />
diameters<br />
Filler<br />
Stop watch<br />
Figure 4.9: Schematic representati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> processing pellets by wet method.<br />
2 ScCO 2 Foaming Process<br />
Foaming <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> polymers and composites was processed in two different laboratories: <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
"Laboratoire de Génie Chimique" and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> "Laboratoire d’Automatisme et d’Analyse des Systèmes" <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Toulouse.<br />
2.1 SEPAREX TM SF200 scCO 2 Pilot Plant<br />
2.1.1 Experimental Device<br />
Runs were first carried out in a SEPAREX SF200 pilot (Separex Company, Nancy, France)<br />
represented in Figure 4.10 and Figure 4.11. Briefly, this apparatus is composed <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a 200 mL extractor<br />
chamber, which is used for foaming process in which CO 2 is being injected. Basically this is a setup for<br />
extracti<strong>on</strong> purpose. Indeed a metallic vessel was placed inside <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> extractor, in order to reduce its volume<br />
from 200 to 20 mL. Fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r a Tefl<strong>on</strong> roll is also inserted in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> metallic roll so that pellets may not fall<br />
during <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> foaming process. A cascade <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> three 15 mL cycl<strong>on</strong>ic separators is c<strong>on</strong>nected to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> mixing<br />
chamber outlet. Pressure in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> mixing chamber is adjusted by a backpressure regulator and, in each<br />
separator, by depressurizati<strong>on</strong> valves. Sub-cooled liquid CO 2 is pumped by a volumetric membrane pump<br />
(Milt<strong>on</strong> Roy, maximum 5 kg/h), <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>n heated until <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> desired temperature and c<strong>on</strong>tinuously introduced<br />
into <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> mixing chamber. Experiments can be carried out in open-loop or closed-loop c<strong>on</strong>figurati<strong>on</strong>, in<br />
which case, after c<strong>on</strong>densati<strong>on</strong>, CO 2 is recycled to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pump. Temperatures and pressures are c<strong>on</strong>trolled in<br />
each unit <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pilot, pressure being limited to 300 bars and temperature around 333 K. Before starting an<br />
experiment, <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> pilot is filled with CO 2 at bottle pressure (about 5.5 MPa) and air is flashed out.<br />
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