Annual Report - QuamIR
Annual Report - QuamIR Annual Report - QuamIR
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued) 2 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued) 2.15 Financial assets (Continued) Changes in the fair value of monetary securities denominated in a foreign currency and classified as available-for-sale are analysed between translation differences resulting from changes in amortised cost of the security and other changes in the carrying amount of the security. The translation differences on monetary securities are recognised in the consolidated income statement; translation differences on non-monetary securities are recognised in equity. Changes in the fair value of monetary and nonmonetary securities classified as available for sale are recognised in other comprehensive income. 2 2.15 When securities classified as available for sale are sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognised in equity are included in the consolidated income statement as other income or other and general expenses. Interest on available-for-sale securities calculated using the effective interest method is recognised in the consolidated income statement as part of other income. Dividends on available-for-sale equity instruments are recognised in the consolidated income statement as part of other income which the Group’s right to receive payments is established. Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. For the purposes of assessing the fair value of unlisted securities, the Group established fair value by using valuation techniques. These include the use of recent arm’s length transactions, reference to other instruments that are substantially the same, discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models, making maximum use of market inputs and relying as little as possible on entity-specific inputs. 98 HKC (Holdings) Limited • Annual Report 2011
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued) 2 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued) 2.15 Financial assets (Continued) The Group assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. In the case of equity securities classified as available for sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is considered as an indicator that the securities are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss – measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognised in the consolidated income statement – is removed from equity and recognised in the consolidated income statement. Impairment losses recognised in the consolidated income statement on equity instruments are not reversed through the consolidated income statement. 2.16 Derivative financial instrument Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at their fair value at each balance sheet date. The change in the fair value is recognised in the consolidated income statement. 2.17 Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The cost of finished goods comprises raw materials, direct labour, other direct costs and related production overheads (based on normal operating capacity). It excludes borrowing costs. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses. 2 2.15 2.16 2.17 • 99
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)<br />
<br />
2 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)<br />
2.15 Financial assets (Continued)<br />
Changes in the fair value of monetary securities denominated in a<br />
foreign currency and classified as available-for-sale are analysed<br />
between translation differences resulting from changes in<br />
amortised cost of the security and other changes in the carrying<br />
amount of the security. The translation differences on monetary<br />
securities are recognised in the consolidated income statement;<br />
translation differences on non-monetary securities are recognised<br />
in equity. Changes in the fair value of monetary and nonmonetary<br />
securities classified as available for sale are recognised<br />
in other comprehensive income.<br />
2 <br />
2.15 <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
When securities classified as available for sale are sold or<br />
impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognised<br />
in equity are included in the consolidated income statement as<br />
other income or other and general expenses.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Interest on available-for-sale securities calculated using the<br />
effective interest method is recognised in the consolidated<br />
income statement as part of other income. Dividends on<br />
available-for-sale equity instruments are recognised in the<br />
consolidated income statement as part of other income which<br />
the Group’s right to receive payments is established.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount<br />
reported in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable<br />
right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention<br />
to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability<br />
simultaneously.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
For the purposes of assessing the fair value of unlisted securities,<br />
the Group established fair value by using valuation techniques.<br />
These include the use of recent arm’s length transactions,<br />
reference to other instruments that are substantially the same,<br />
discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models, making<br />
maximum use of market inputs and relying as little as possible on<br />
entity-specific inputs.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
98 HKC (Holdings) Limited • <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Report</strong> 2011