Zmena klímy – možný dopad (nielen) na obyvateľstvo - Prohuman

interdiurnal deviations. On the other hand the long series of heat waves in summer
and mild weather in winter can burden both people and ecosystems. Prolongation
of growing season to the beginning of February results in higher risk of early spring
frost damages in agriculture and gardens in the Central European regions.
Figure 5. Time series of the
annual air temperature means
T in 1950–2100 modified for the
station Hurbanovo from 2 GCMs
and 2 RCMs and the measured
annual means at Hurbanovo
(115 m a.s.l., SW Slovakia) in
1950–2010 (solid line).
PRECIPITATION AND SNOW COVER TRENDS AND VARIATIONS
Precipitation totals and occurrence are another very important climatic variables
in climate change issues. On the other hand, humidity and evapotranspiration
depend significantly mainly on precipitation regime. Comparing the distinct
air temperature increase in case of enhanced greenhouse effect the changes in
precipitation characteristics are more complicated. Basically, the annual totals
have mostly insignificant trends in the period 1881–2012 (slightly decreasing in
the southeastern half of the Central Europe and slightly increasing in the remaining
part), but the annual regime of daily precipitation has changed remarkably.
Longer spells of low precipitation totals and shorter heavy precipitation events
are typical in the last 20-year period also in Slovakia. This regime together with
pretty higher temperature during low precipitation spells results in longer and
more severe drought events in the growing seasons not only in southern Slovakia
and other lowlands but also in the mountains. Example of such development
can be seen in Figs. 6 and 7 in case of the Hurbanovo precipitation series. In
spite of increase in summer precipitation totals by about 10% in 1901–2012 serious
drought events occurred here mainly since 1990 (summer precipitation totals
consist predominantly from convective showers and thunderstorm downpours
in the last two decades). The scenarios of possible future summer precipitation
totals can be seen in Figs. 8 and 9 (modified by 2 models and 4 different meth-
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