Zmena klímy – možný dopad (nielen) na obyvateľstvo - Prohuman

in SSA is attributable to “new variant famine” it is likely that a part is also attributable
to CC. Global food insecurity is also of increasing relevance to these issues.
There are many problems and threats to regional food security, but among
these the role of CC is increasingly recognised and steadily expanding. Any fall in
regional agricultural productivity is of concern. Direct consequences include poverty
among farming populations, and high food prices, hunger, undernutrition,
fatigue and impaired immunity amongst the general community. Food insecurity
can easily trigger food riots and, if prolonged, political unrest and population
movement, as migrants search for employment and to secure remittances for the
population remaining at home. Undernutrition can help lock in poverty. Such
factors – worsened poverty, undernutrition and population displacement – are
likely to increase the burden of HIV among populations which harbour the virus,
and whose norms, customs and culture increase the risk of transmission. Lack of
food can also enhance gastro intestinal side effects of some ARVs, and may thus
inhibit proper treatment.
Many African countries are projected to experience a fall in cereal production
potential because of CC. Over 85 million people are already undernourished in
Africa. Over the past 30 years, rain across the Sahel has declined by 25%, contributing
to hunger and conflict, from Niger to Darfur and across to Somalia. Most,
if not all, of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, however, operate well below
their existing production potential because of a range of factors, mainly political
and economic. These countries could potentially increase their food production
with improved policies and practices – the extension of the “Green Revolution”
to rural Africa.
Climate Change, Infectious Diseases and AIDS
Climate change is predicted to alter the distribution of several parasitic and vector-borne
infectious diseases. In turn these changes will alter the epidemiology
of HIV, and vice versa. Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, including
increased variability of rain, are increasingly being observed in Africa, including
in parts of the African highlands.
Though multifactorial, and controversial there is growing consensus that these
shifts are implicated in the more frequent outbreaks of epidemic malaria which
have been observed in several parts of Africa in recent years). Populations traditionally
free of malaria are at particular risk, due to their immunological naïveté.
Millions of people currently live in the plateaus and mountains of sub-Saharan
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