Zmena klímy – možný dopad (nielen) na obyvateľstvo - Prohuman

of HIV. The chapter concerning human health in the 4th recent report of the IPCC
describes how drought (and by implication) other forms of CC-associated food
insecurity increase the risk of acquiring and of dying from infectious diseases,
including, again by implication, HIV. The chapter also observes the synergism
between HIV and drought on nutrition. Its authors also allude to the HIV and
CC complex (HACC) when they note, that in Africa and Asia the future course
of the AIDS epidemic will significantly influence how well populations can cope
with challenges from CC, such as the spread of climate-related infections (vectoror
water-borne), food shortages, and increased frequency of storms, floods and
droughts. Lastly, they observe that CC, especially if rapid and intense, is likely to
delay progress in some regions towards achieving the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) targets, one of which is to reduce the incidence and prevalence
of HIV. There are many other papers which discuss emerging infectious diseases,
including AIDS.
In recent years the role of CC has frequently been mentioned in this lecture but
the HACC is discussed rarely, if at all. Ebi et al. assess human health vulnerability
under different CC scenarios. They do not discuss HIV in their paper, but there is
little discussion of specific diseases, and the principles they discuss could readily
be adapted to examine the HACC. Campbell-Lendrum and Woodruff consider the
BOD from CC. They cite the report by Gommes et al. (which specifically examined
an aspect of the HACC) but they do not specifically discuss the HACC. Instead, they
cite this report as supporting the observation that climate can influence a wide
range of diseases through multiple pathways. Similarly, consideration of the AIDS
literature also suggests that HACC has received little attention. A rare exception to
the general rule of non-discussion of the HACC is provided by Tanser et al. These
workers estimated an increase of 16–28% in person-months of exposure to malaria
in Africa by 2100, on the assumption that future climates fall within simulated
ranges, and they specifically commented on the link between HIV and malaria.
The most recent World Disasters Report, which focuses on AIDS, does discuss
some aspects of the HACC. It speculates that the shape of the global AIDS epidemic
could be affected if CC causes significant population movement between areas
with significantly different HIV prevalence levels.
AIDS and climate change
The distinctiveness of HIV is highlighted by several factors. One is its protean
clinical manifestation. Because the virus compromises the immune system, its
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