Human Dignity and Bioethics

348 | Susan M. Shell
Notes
1
For a thoughtful articulation of this point of view, see Onora O’Neill, Autonomy
and Trust in Bioethics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002); an alternative,
non-Kantian argument for “informed consent” and related contemporary
practices might be drawn from Plato’s Laws 720a-e.
2
Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals 4: 434-435; translation, slightly
emended, in Kant, Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge,
Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 84-85. Note: I cite Kant’s works by volume
and page number of the standard German edition, Kants Gesammelte Schriften,
edited by the Royal Prussian (later German) Academy of Sciences (Berlin: George
Reimer, later Walter de Gruyter & Co., 1900—); these numbers are found in the
margins of most translations.
3
Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, chapter 10.
4
Groundwork 4: 429; Practical Philosophy, p. 80.
5
Groundwork 4: 428; Practical Philosophy, p. 79.
6
Groundwork 4: 431; Practical Philosophy, p. 81.
7
Groundwork 4: 430; Practical Philosophy, p. 80.
8
For a thoughtful exploration of this topic, see Onora O’Neill, op. cit.
9
Groundwork 4: 428; Practical Philosophy, p. 79.
10
Christine Korsgaard, Creating the Kingdom of Ends (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1996), pp. 17, 110; cited in Richard Dean, The Value of Humanity
in Kant’s Moral Theory (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006), p. 6.
11
Allen W. Wood, Kant’s Ethical Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1999), p. 119.
12
Groundwork 4: 429.
13
Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View 7: 268-269n.; translation in Kant,
Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View, trans. Mary J. Gregor (The Hague:
Nijhoff, 1974), pp. 136-137n.
14
See, for example, Jennifer Roback Morse, Love and Economics: Why the Laissez-
Faire Family Doesn’t Work (Portland, Oregon: Spencer, 2001).
15
Andrea Dworkin, Intercourse (London: Martin Secker & Warburg, 1987), p.
122; cited in Jean Grimshaw, “The Bodily Self: Privacy, Autonomy and Identity,”
in Liberalism, Citizenship and Autonomy, ed. David Milligan and William Watts
Miller (Aldershot, England: Avebury, 1992), p. 194.
16
Grimshaw, op. cit., p. 196.
17
See Kant, Religion within the Boundaries of Bare Reason 6: 26; translation in Kant,
Religion and Rational Theology, ed. and trans. Allen W. Wood and George di Giovanni
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 74.
18
For an elaboration of this analogy, see Kant’s “What it is to Orient Oneself in
Thinking” and “On the Use of Teleological Principles in Philosophy.”
19
See Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgment, trans. Werner Pluhar (Indianapolis,
Indiana: Hackett, 1987[1790]), §75, pp. 282-283.
20
Kant’s argument is most fully worked out in Part Two of the Critique of