Looking Glass River Watershed Management Plan - Greater ...
Looking Glass River Watershed Management Plan - Greater ... Looking Glass River Watershed Management Plan - Greater ...
Physical Pollutants Physical pollutants include rubbish and sediments from erosion. These pollutants cover and suffocate plant and animal life, reduce light availability for aquatic plant and micro-algae growth, and may cause a decline in the biological diversity of an ecosystem when they are deposited into streams. The physical pollutants of concern in the Looking Glass River watershed are briefly described below. Trash & Debris can impact the biota and stability of a waterway. It is also an issue with the aesthetic appeal and perception of a river. Common sources of trash and debris include storm water, combined sewer overflows, beachgoers and other non-point sources, boats, solid waste disposal and landfills, industrial activities, and illegal dumping or littering (EPA, 2004). Table 5-7 Trash and Debris: Sources and Causes Sources Dumping Animal Scavenging Cause Lack of Convenient Disposal Facilities Lack of Secure Disposal Facilities Toxic Pollutants Toxic pollutants are non-biodegradable compounds including heavy metals and organic compounds. Toxic pollutants are deadly to organisms because the organism’s natural biological processes are disrupted; usually with very low pollutant concentrations. The major toxic pollutants of alarm for the watershed are listed below. A Pathogen is a microbe that under certain conditions will cause disease. Because many pathogens are not easily identified in water, an indicator organism such as Escherichia coli is commonly used as an estimation of pathogenic organisms. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lambia, two protozoa, are the most common waterborne pathogens in the U.S. These protozoa, originating from human sewage and animal feces, are waterborne parasites that cause intestinal problems when ingested by creating a cyst that attaches to a host (i.e. cattle host, and then transferred to humans). Elevated levels of both pathogens were detected in a study of urban storm water runoff causing concern over drinking water supplies (CWP, March 2003). Source: The University of Florida, 2005 5-18 Looking Glass River Watershed April 2007
Table 5-8 Pathogen: Sources and Causes Sources Livestock Manure Storage Animal Waste (Non-Agricultural) Illicit Connections Failed Septic Systems Leaky Sanitary Sewer Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) Sanitary Sewer Overflows (SSOs) Dumping Cause Unrestricted Access Lack of Buffer Poor Design Poor Construction Poor Maintenance Pet Owners Not Picking Up Waste Wildlife Lack of Buffer Poor Construction Practices Poor Design Poor Construction Poor Maintenance Poor Design Poor Construction Poor Maintenance Function of Design Criteria Increased Development with Poor Storm Water Planning Unnecessary Inflow (e.g. connected downspouts and footing drains) Excessive Infiltration Storm Water Inflow Increased Development with Poor Storm Water Planning Lack of Adequate Disposal Facilities Salt (Deicer) is often used to melt snow and ice on roads and sidewalks. Extremely high concentrations, in the range of 2,000-5,000 mg/l, are typical in snowmelt and storm water runoff particularly in colder regions. However, chloride becomes toxic to organisms at concentrations of 500-1,000 mg/l and may additionally affect soil permeability, drinking water and small streams (CWP, March 2003). Table 5-9 Salt: Sources and Causes Sources Roadways Water Softeners Cause Application Practices Lack of Buffer Poor Design Poor Maintenance Poor Construction Source: Morton Salt, 2005 Section 5: Stressor Summary 5-19
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Physical Pollutants<br />
Physical pollutants include rubbish and sediments from erosion. These<br />
pollutants cover and suffocate plant and animal life, reduce light availability<br />
for aquatic plant and micro-algae growth, and may cause a decline in the<br />
biological diversity of an ecosystem when they are deposited into streams.<br />
The physical pollutants of concern in the <strong>Looking</strong> <strong>Glass</strong> <strong>River</strong> watershed are<br />
briefly described below.<br />
Trash & Debris can impact the biota and stability of a waterway. It is also<br />
an issue with the aesthetic appeal and perception of a river. Common<br />
sources of trash and debris include storm water, combined sewer overflows,<br />
beachgoers and other non-point sources, boats, solid waste disposal and<br />
landfills, industrial activities, and illegal dumping or littering (EPA, 2004).<br />
Table 5-7 Trash and Debris: Sources and Causes<br />
Sources<br />
Dumping<br />
Animal Scavenging<br />
Cause<br />
Lack of Convenient Disposal Facilities<br />
Lack of Secure Disposal Facilities<br />
Toxic Pollutants<br />
Toxic pollutants are non-biodegradable compounds including heavy metals<br />
and organic compounds. Toxic pollutants are deadly to organisms because<br />
the organism’s natural biological processes are disrupted; usually with very<br />
low pollutant concentrations. The major toxic pollutants of alarm for the<br />
watershed are listed below.<br />
A Pathogen is a microbe that under certain conditions will cause disease.<br />
Because many pathogens are not easily identified in water, an indicator<br />
organism such as Escherichia coli is commonly used as an estimation of<br />
pathogenic organisms. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lambia, two<br />
protozoa, are the most common waterborne pathogens in the U.S. These<br />
protozoa, originating from human sewage and animal feces, are waterborne<br />
parasites that cause intestinal problems when ingested by creating a cyst that<br />
attaches to a host (i.e. cattle host, and then transferred to humans). Elevated<br />
levels of both pathogens were detected in a study of urban storm water<br />
runoff causing concern over drinking water supplies (CWP, March 2003).<br />
Source: The University of Florida,<br />
2005<br />
5-18 <strong>Looking</strong> <strong>Glass</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Watershed</strong> April 2007
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