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Rationals seldom confuse the means with the ends. For them, life is like a series of nesting<br />

parentheses in which x is solved so that y can be solved so that z can be solved. Newton bought an<br />

astrology book (astronomy and astrology were more closely related in those days than now), but<br />

found that he couldn't read it because he didn't understand the trigonometry involved. So then he<br />

got a trigonometry book and began reading that, only to find that he couldn't understand the<br />

demonstrations. So then he bought a book by Euclid so that he could understand the<br />

demonstrations. He then read just the specific sections of Euclid that he needed to understand the<br />

demonstrations. 210 In each step of the chain, Newton focused tightly on the results that were<br />

necessary to achieve the end goal; the rest was chaff and he discarded it.<br />

Within the context of school, the supposed goal is to learn, but this learning does not solve any<br />

particular problem as framed within an NT perspective. The real goal of school is to get a degree<br />

and employment. Newton achieved this goal with the minimum effort required, then spent the rest<br />

of his time on his own goals.<br />

Many a student has dreamed that some kind of emergency would happen so that they could get out<br />

of school. Seldom have such fantasies been answered so thoroughly as in Newton's case: the black<br />

plague struck in 1665 and the college had to be completely evacuated. He went back home to his<br />

mother's estate in the country and stayed there for two years. 211 It was during this period, where<br />

Newton was free of responsibilities and had plenty of time on his hands, that he made the<br />

discoveries for which he is remembered.<br />

Scientific Achievements<br />

Have you ever wondered how mad scientists can make extraordinary breakthroughs in science, yet<br />

then keep the secret to themselves for years on end? (Of course, they will tell meddling do-gooders<br />

whom they capture all about it, but that's not really the same, is it? On a side note, Keirsey suggests<br />

that Rationals love to explain their projects to those who will listen. Literally, monologuing.) But<br />

there is truth to the stereotype, because INTs are very good at keeping information to themselves,<br />

especially personal information. They are the black body of types.<br />

During his plague-inspired exile, Newton figured out calculus, the theory of gravity, and centifugal<br />

force. 212 Between the latter two ideas, he began to understand the dynamics of the solar system.<br />

But he told no one, and kept the ideas to himself for decades.<br />

Newton's first glimmer of scientific recognition came from a completely different source. He built<br />

one of the first reflecting telescopes, this being a leap and a bound above the existing models. The<br />

achievement is interesting mainly because it highlights how useful the INTJ's meticulous, precise,<br />

exact approach to life can be in the pursuit of science. It was very difficult to produce a working<br />

reflecting telescope because the instrument required exceedingly fine craftsmanship. Scientists had<br />

been trying for years; White (1997) gives the account of another mathematician who had hired<br />

“some of the best craftsman in the country” for the task without success. Newton's telescope was<br />

unique because it actually worked well.<br />

The way he accomplished this was through unmatched accuracy. He had to cast, grind, and polish<br />

his own mirror, a task which he accomplished with tools he made himself. 213 To get the mirror<br />

right, he made measurements of hundredths of an inch using only compass and eyeball. This was<br />

210 White, 1997<br />

211 Levenson, 2009<br />

212 And perhaps also the properties of light, i.e. the formation of colors, but this is less certain.<br />

213 White, 1997

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