Cyclone and Storm Surge - Iczmpwb.org

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6.53 location are missing reducing the accessibility of these communities. These missing links are vital on the aftermath of cyclone/flood for emergency response as well as for faster restoration of normalcy. In addition to these, this missing links will help induce economic development of these communities, often residing within the bottom most bracket of the socio-economic stratum. Total Expenditure: Rs. 234 Crores [Up gradation of 880 kms Kutcha roads to WBM roads @ 1.5 miilion/km + additional 75 percent for construction of bridges and culverts at strategic locations] 3. Improvement of waterway navigation There is a need to strengthen the existing waterway navigation facilities given their importance in some of the CD blocks in the district South 24-Parganas. Damage and interruption to these facilities are mostly due to storm surge. Up gradation of the Jetty facilities, protection of the river banks at these locations, improving ingress and egress facilities as well as locating few more jetties at key locations will improve the overall accessibility of the region. Total Expenditure: Rs. 15.4 Crores [Up gradation of 49 jetties @ Rs. 1.5 million + construction of additional 20 jetties @ Rs. 4 million]
Chapter Seven Mitigation Strategies and Proposed Measures for Kolkata and Surroundings 7.1. Present Status of the drainage system CHAPTER 7 Dr. B.N. De's famous "Kulti Outfall Scheme" was commissioned with some gaps in 1943. Since then, it has undergone major modifications and expansion to meet the rapid growth of the city's area and population. Following the partition of the country, the city experienced an unprecedented and protracted exodus from the east. Drainage lines were obstructed due to habitation. Too much and rapid urbanisation resulted in inadequate drainage capacities of the channels. The city of Kolkata and its burgeoning environs became victims of notorious flooding and drainage congestion every year. Serious thinking started to see if anything can be done to ameliorate the distress of the people. The outfall channels have been cleared from time to time; the capacities of the pump houses were increased. But the lone Kultigong remains the ultimate drainage outfall from a much larger area. The discharge is more but the dry weather flow contains a large quantity of domestic sewage. There is practically no arrangement for treatment of this sewage. Hence the possibility of sedimentation of the Kultigong cannot be ruled out. The prevailing tides at the outfall resulted in a sluggish disposal of drainage water. All the drainage channels, viz. SWF, DWF, Bhangarkata, Bagjola have their outfalls in Kultigong. The Kolkata Drainage Outfall System along with DWF, SWF, THC channels were handed over by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation to the I.& W. Department on 01.5.1966. The different outfalling channels being excavated long back as the carrier of drainage water and sewage began to deteriorate. With the passage of time, due to heavy pressure under increased population and other factors, the canals had a dwindling flow, somewhere being almost stagnant, the water being in a brackish state mixed with toxic materials resulting in environmental and health hazards. The effluent of the channels does not only contain simply house drainage but a large part of it contains sewarage, toxic matters from small industries, tanneries and other solid wastes even from Kolkata Slaughter House in the Town Head Cut Channel. The channel sections being worsened for years together, disposal of drainage water suffered a setback and the purpose for which these channels were excavated began to frustrate. The situation took its worst turn during the last week of September, 1999 when heavy concentrated rainfall of 330 mm. within a period of only 10 hours
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MITI
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Project Team Though the outcome of
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Preamble The State of West Bengal,
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1.2 IMD, in its website (http://www
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1.4 5. Proposals for location of cy
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2.2 region is that which struck the
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2.4 Figure 2-2. Track of the 1970 B
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2.6 The most destructive element as
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2.8 the two regions is rather diffe
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2.10 2.4. The eastern coastal zone
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2.12 velocity is first checked. As
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2.14 Strong winds known as cyclones
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2.16 2.4.6. Soil characteristics Th
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2.18 All rivers have in general sou
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2.20 Another interesting feature of
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2.22 formed does not pose so much o
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2.24 2.4.11. Forest composition The
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2.26 Canning (Bidyadhari Outfall in
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2.28 Administrative information Pop
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2.30 Mangrove plantation beyond the
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2.32 A retired embankment of river
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2.34 The beaches are flattened by s
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2.36 of a doiminant tidalbasin of t
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2.38 primary mode is centered on th
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2.40 Aquaculture ponds located betw
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2.42 All the islands are situated w
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2.44 • Transport the water to the
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2.46 The other type of failure may
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2.48 channel floor, some of the riv
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2.50 embankments. Crops and propert
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2.52 2. To reduce the average dista
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3.2 a storm surge caused by a tropi
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3.4 these merchants may have been t
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3.6 Figure 3-1. Map of India during
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3.8 larger volume of sewage and dra
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3.10 receive, at least during the r
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3.12 3.9. Drainage scheme of Dr. B.
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3.14 3.10. CMPO and KMDA (originall
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3.16 Flows are diverted to the loca
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3.18 the Bhangar region through the
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3.20 the ocean level as a result of
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3.22 Table 3-6. Major pumping stati
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3.24 Table 3-9. Drainage basin area
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3.26 will lead to significant impro
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3.28 locks, one at Chitpur and anot
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3.30 Respectively. The discharge of
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3.32 Figure 3-6. The downstream of
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3.34 Figure 3-10 shows the tail end
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3.36
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3.38
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4.2 In US, there is a steady decrea
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4.4 This shows that Orissa (with 10
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4.6 30 25 20 15 10 Severe Cyclone C
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4.8 Table 3: Return periods of cycl
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4.10 Table 5: The number and return
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4.12 work station (the Automated Tr
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4.14 through this trough into the d
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4.16 Mean Low water 1.51 1.39 1.34
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4.18 τx,τy : x and y components o
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4.20 formulation. However, the rete
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4.22 ∂u ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ζ 1
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4.24 Δ p p(r) = p( ∞) − [1+ (r
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4.26 maximum surge for this event w
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4.28 U-Component of Velocity (Surfa
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4.30 ## ## ## #### ### ## ########
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4.32 V-component of Velocity (Surfa
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4.34 U-component of Velocity (Surfa
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## ################################
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4.38 V-Component of velocity (Surfa
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5.2 particular human settlement to
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5.4 The Composite Vulnerability Ind
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5.6 (2004 prices) prevalent in dist
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5.8 Moyna 0.6280 0.1592 0.542286 0.
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5.10 5.4.2. Social infrastructure H
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5.12 Budge-Budge(Part-II) 0.0000 0.
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5.14 secondary and tertiary activit
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5.16 F i Fˆ i ⎛ Total no. of =
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5.18 Table 5-4: Composite Index of
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5.20 M ′ = H M ′′ = I . S whe
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Chapter Six Mitigation Strategies a
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Page 224 and 225: References Kanjilal (2005) “Sunde
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