Cyclone and Storm Surge - Iczmpwb.org

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6.45 paludosa, Rhizophora apiculata,Sonneratia apetala, Nypa fruiticans Aecjiceras carn.iculatum, Excoecaria aqallocha, Seeds are generally sown. Mostly Avicennia species are sown all over the area. Then seeds are available in Sundarban Tiger Project and 24- Parganas(S) Division. 4. Seeds Collection: Ripe and Mature seeds are available in July to September. Only Avicennia Marina seeds are available in October. Excoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruiticans seeds are available in January. It is better to collected ripe and meture seeds. Seeds are collected with the help of fine fishing nets during high-tide & low-tide in Kotal Sometimes seeds are collected from inside the forest on the river bank during kotal. 5. Stores of Seeds: It is better to procure these seeds & sow immediately as it is not possible to preserve these seeds for more than 7 to 15 days. However seeds may be preserved for a year through nursery. 6. Planting: The planting of the various species should be done according to the following guidelines: a) Avicennia species are better panted the entire trench at a distance of 50 cm. and on the upper region which is not watered by tide-water. Ceriops species, Bruguiera spp, Xylocarpus spp, Excoecaria spp, Heritiera spp, phoenix spp, should be planted in trench at a distance of 1 mt. and in pit at a distance of 2 mt. b) On the lower region which is regularly watered by tide water everyday. Sonneratia apetala Aegiceras Carniculatum Rhizophora apiculata, Nypa fruitecans are planted in pits. It is better to plant them in Trench at a distance of 2 mt. c) If the region is under the lower tide and is muddy then three types of Avicennia spp and Sonneratia apetala may be planted for good plantation. d) Seeds are generally sown twice or thrice time in a year. There is a time when either all the seeds are not available or most seeds are carried away by tide. 7. Nursery Seedling: This is to be done in the following way: a) Direct sowing is done in Nursery beds i.e. Sonneratia apetala. b) Polypots is filled by the earth in the bed on which Heritiera formes Bruguiera (Gymnorhiza & parviflora) Ceriops (decandra, tagal), Xylocarpus (Granaturn, Makongensis), Nypa fruiticans, Rhizophora apiculata etc. are sown. 8. Use of seedlings: Seedlings are used in the following ways:: a) Vacancies are filled in the plantation.
6.46 b) Seedlings are planted during December and January when tides and waves are not so strong in the river. Some of the species and their seeding and flowering times are provided in the following table: Sl. No. Species Local Name Flowering time Seedling time l. Avicennia Alba Paira Bain April July 2. Avicennia Marina Kalo Bain June October 3. Avicennia Officinalis Jat Bain April July 4. Heritiera Formes Sundari March July 5. Bruguiera Gymnorhiza Kankra April July 6. Bruguiera Paruiflora Ban Bakul April July 7. Xylocarpus Granateria Dhudul April August 8. Xylocarpus Mankongensis Pasur April July 9. Aegiceras Carniculatum Khalsi March July 10. Aegialitis Rotandifolia Tora March July 11. Rhizophora Apiculata Garjan April August 12. Sonneratia Apiculata Keora April September 13. Excoecaria Agollacha Genwa March July 14. Ceriops Decandra Garan March July 15. Ceriops Tagal Math Garan March July 16. Phoenix Paludosa Mental March July 17. Nypa Fruiticans Golpata July February The growth of the above mentioned species of mangroves (from the first to the fifth year) are as follows: Height in metres Sl. Species No. 1 st yea 2 nd year 3 rd year 4 th year 5 th year 1. Avicennia alba 0.89 2.68 2.88 3.55 5.90 2. Avicennia Marina 0.80 2.60 2.80 3.50 5.80 3. Avicennia Officinalis 0.88 2.65 2.85 3.55 5.85 4. Heritiera formes 0.45 0.75 0.86 0.95 1.20 5. Bruguiera Gymnorhiza 0.59 0.88 0.98 1.12 2.00 6. Bruguiera Baruiflora 0.55 0.78 0.91 1.10 1.90 7. Xylocarpus Granatum 0.90 2.55 2.90 3.60 6.00 8. Xylocarpus mankongensis 0.80 1.25 1.40 2.42 2.98 9. Aegiceras carniculatum 0.55 0.65 0.80 0.95 1.15 10. Aeqiceras rotandifolia 0.40 0.48 0.70 0.90 1.05 11. Rhizophora apiculata 0.80 1.25 1.40 2.42 2.98 12. Sonneratia apetala 0.90 2.55 2.90 3.60 6.00 13. Excoecaria agollacha 0.65 0.80 0.90 1.10 1.25 14. Ceriops decandra 0.28 0.43 0.53 0.64 0.75
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MITI
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Project Team Though the outcome of
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Preamble The State of West Bengal,
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1.2 IMD, in its website (http://www
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1.4 5. Proposals for location of cy
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2.2 region is that which struck the
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2.4 Figure 2-2. Track of the 1970 B
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2.6 The most destructive element as
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2.8 the two regions is rather diffe
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2.10 2.4. The eastern coastal zone
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2.12 velocity is first checked. As
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2.14 Strong winds known as cyclones
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2.16 2.4.6. Soil characteristics Th
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2.18 All rivers have in general sou
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2.20 Another interesting feature of
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2.22 formed does not pose so much o
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2.24 2.4.11. Forest composition The
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2.26 Canning (Bidyadhari Outfall in
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2.28 Administrative information Pop
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2.30 Mangrove plantation beyond the
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2.32 A retired embankment of river
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2.34 The beaches are flattened by s
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2.36 of a doiminant tidalbasin of t
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2.38 primary mode is centered on th
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2.40 Aquaculture ponds located betw
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2.42 All the islands are situated w
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2.44 • Transport the water to the
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2.46 The other type of failure may
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2.48 channel floor, some of the riv
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2.50 embankments. Crops and propert
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2.52 2. To reduce the average dista
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3.2 a storm surge caused by a tropi
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3.4 these merchants may have been t
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3.6 Figure 3-1. Map of India during
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3.8 larger volume of sewage and dra
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3.10 receive, at least during the r
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3.12 3.9. Drainage scheme of Dr. B.
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3.14 3.10. CMPO and KMDA (originall
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3.16 Flows are diverted to the loca
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3.18 the Bhangar region through the
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3.20 the ocean level as a result of
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3.22 Table 3-6. Major pumping stati
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3.24 Table 3-9. Drainage basin area
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3.26 will lead to significant impro
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3.28 locks, one at Chitpur and anot
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3.30 Respectively. The discharge of
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3.32 Figure 3-6. The downstream of
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3.34 Figure 3-10 shows the tail end
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3.36
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3.38
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4.2 In US, there is a steady decrea
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4.4 This shows that Orissa (with 10
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4.6 30 25 20 15 10 Severe Cyclone C
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4.8 Table 3: Return periods of cycl
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4.10 Table 5: The number and return
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4.12 work station (the Automated Tr
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4.14 through this trough into the d
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4.16 Mean Low water 1.51 1.39 1.34
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4.18 τx,τy : x and y components o
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4.20 formulation. However, the rete
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4.22 ∂u ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ζ 1
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4.24 Δ p p(r) = p( ∞) − [1+ (r
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4.26 maximum surge for this event w
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4.28 U-Component of Velocity (Surfa
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4.30 ## ## ## #### ### ## ########
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4.32 V-component of Velocity (Surfa
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4.34 U-component of Velocity (Surfa
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## ################################
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4.38 V-Component of velocity (Surfa
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5.2 particular human settlement to
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5.4 The Composite Vulnerability Ind
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5.6 (2004 prices) prevalent in dist
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5.8 Moyna 0.6280 0.1592 0.542286 0.
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5.10 5.4.2. Social infrastructure H
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5.12 Budge-Budge(Part-II) 0.0000 0.
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5.14 secondary and tertiary activit
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Page 224 and 225: References Kanjilal (2005) “Sunde
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