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6.11 (b) Medium rivers to armour the riverside slope (3:1) of embankments by providing 20 cm thick dry brick pitching over a layer of 10.0 cm to 12.5 cm thick jhama khoa filter with provision of brick sausage toe wall. (c) Embankments facing Bay of Bengal to armour riverside slope (5:1) by providing (2.0 m x 1.0 m x 0.3 m) C.C. Block over 15 cm thick layer of jhama khoa filter with provision of brick sausage toe wall. Data (a) For Embankments along Major & Medium Rivers (i) Average Ground Level = R.L. 2.00 m (GTS) (ii) Highest High Tide Level = R.L. 4.50 m (GTS) (considering flood season of 1976) (iii) Average High Tide Level = R.L. 3.80 m (GTS) to 3.00 m (GTS) (iv) Lowest Low Tide Level = R.L. (-) 1.80 m (GTS) to (-) 1.20 m (GTS) (b) For Embankments facing Bay of Bengal (i) Average Ground Level = R.L. 2.00 m (GTS) (ii) Highest High Tide Level = R.L. (+) 5.40 m (GTS) (iii) Average High Tide Level = R.L. (+) 4.50 m (GTS) (iv) Lowest Low Tide Level = R.L. (-) 2.00 m (GTS) Crest Level (a) For Major & Medium Rivers From the scheme "Urgent Development Works of Sundarban", the height of wave of major rivers has been taken as 1.60 m. Allowing free board of 0.6 m above wave, the actual free board measured from H.H.T.L. comes to (1.60 + 0.60) or 2.20 m. Hence the crest level of the embankment along major rivers = 4.50 m + 2.20 m = 6.70 m However, for major rivers under Kakdwip Irrigation Division the crest level has been fixed at 7.10 m (considering the locations of the embankments which are mostly nearer to Bay of Bengal). The crest level for all the medium rivers has been fixed at 6.40 m (considering the free board above wave as 0.3 m). (b) For Embankments facing Bay of Bengal As per guidelines of the "National Coastal Area Protection Project" (NCAPP), the height of wave has been taken as 2.20 m. Allowing free board of 0.60 m above wave, the actual free board measured from H.H.T.L. comes to (2.20 + 0.60) or 2.80 m.
6.12 Hence, the crest level of the embankment facing of Bay of Bengal or the sea dyke = 5.40 m + 2.80 m = 8.20 m Crest Width (a) For Major & Medium Rivers Based on "Urgent Development Works of Sundarban" the crest width of the proposed revetted embankment has been chosen as 3.00 m instead of 1.50 m (for only earthen embankment). (b) For Embankments facing Bay of Bengal As per the provision made in the "National Coastal Area Protection" Scheme, the crest width has been taken as 5.00 m. Riverside & Countryside Slope (a) For Major & Medium Rivers As per "Urgent Development of Sundarban Works Scheme, For major rivers the R.S. Slope is 4:1 For medium rivers the R.S. Slope is 3:1 However, in this scheme for major rivers the R.S. Slope has been taken as 3:1 barring some embankments near Bay of Bengal where 4:1 slope has been adopted. In all the above cases, the countryside slope has been provided as 2:1. (b) For Embankments facing Bay of Bengal As per suggestion made in the "National Coastal Area Protection " Scheme, the riverside slope should be 6:1. However, for all practical purposes the same has been kept in this scheme as 5:1. Of course, the countryside slope will be 2:1 as usual. Revetment on Riverside Slope (a) For Major & Medium Rivers In all the embankments along major rivers the revetment work has been proposed to be done by 32.5 cm thick dry brick pitching / 25 Cm thick brick pitching to be laid over 12.5 cm to 15.0 cm thick jhama khoa filter as has been provisioned in "Urgent Development Works of Sundarban Scheme executed earlier <strong>and</strong> the function of which has proved satisfactory.
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MITI
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Project Team Though the outcome of
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Preamble The State of West Bengal,
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1.2 IMD, in its website (http://www
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1.4 5. Proposals for location of cy
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2.2 region is that which struck the
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2.4 Figure 2-2. Track of the 1970 B
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2.6 The most destructive element as
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2.8 the two regions is rather diffe
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2.10 2.4. The eastern coastal zone
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2.12 velocity is first checked. As
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2.14 Strong winds known as cyclones
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2.16 2.4.6. Soil characteristics Th
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2.18 All rivers have in general sou
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2.20 Another interesting feature of
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2.22 formed does not pose so much o
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2.24 2.4.11. Forest composition The
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2.26 Canning (Bidyadhari Outfall in
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2.28 Administrative information Pop
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2.30 Mangrove plantation beyond the
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2.32 A retired embankment of river
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2.34 The beaches are flattened by s
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2.36 of a doiminant tidalbasin of t
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2.38 primary mode is centered on th
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2.40 Aquaculture ponds located betw
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2.42 All the islands are situated w
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2.44 • Transport the water to the
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2.46 The other type of failure may
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2.48 channel floor, some of the riv
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2.50 embankments. Crops and propert
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2.52 2. To reduce the average dista
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3.2 a storm surge caused by a tropi
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3.4 these merchants may have been t
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3.6 Figure 3-1. Map of India during
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3.8 larger volume of sewage and dra
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3.10 receive, at least during the r
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3.12 3.9. Drainage scheme of Dr. B.
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3.14 3.10. CMPO and KMDA (originall
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3.16 Flows are diverted to the loca
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3.18 the Bhangar region through the
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3.20 the ocean level as a result of
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3.22 Table 3-6. Major pumping stati
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3.24 Table 3-9. Drainage basin area
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3.26 will lead to significant impro
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3.28 locks, one at Chitpur and anot
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3.30 Respectively. The discharge of
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3.32 Figure 3-6. The downstream of
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3.34 Figure 3-10 shows the tail end
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3.36
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3.38
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4.2 In US, there is a steady decrea
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4.4 This shows that Orissa (with 10
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4.6 30 25 20 15 10 Severe Cyclone C
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4.8 Table 3: Return periods of cycl
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4.10 Table 5: The number and return
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4.12 work station (the Automated Tr
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4.14 through this trough into the d
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4.16 Mean Low water 1.51 1.39 1.34
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4.18 τx,τy : x and y components o
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Page 122 and 123: 4.22 ∂u ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ζ 1
Page 124 and 125: 4.24 Δ p p(r) = p( ∞) − [1+ (r
Page 126 and 127: 4.26 maximum surge for this event w
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Page 132 and 133: 4.32 V-component of Velocity (Surfa
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7.8 Bagjola, Kestopur and SWF chann
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Executive Cost Summary of Recommend
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References Kanjilal (2005) “Sunde
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“……………….Designingadis
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