Cyclone and Storm Surge - Iczmpwb.org

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5.14 secondary and tertiary activities. Therefore, the impact of tropical cyclone will be more pronounced on the people depending for livelihood on primary sector activities compared to others. Degree of vulnerability (A) will vary across the CD blocks with varying share of primary sector workforce. Higher the share of workforce involvement in these activities, greater the incidence of economic distress due to cyclones and consequential flooding. ⎛Workforce engaged in primary sector activities in ith CD block ⎞ Ai = ⎜ ⎟.100 ⎝ Total workforce in ith CD block ⎠ ˆ Ai − Amin Ai = A − A max min 5.5.2. Share of SC/ST population There is no denial of the fact that SC/ST population are one the most disadvantaged sections of the community and any loss due to natural disasters incident on them will viciously affect their level of welfare. Besides that, restoration of normalcy for these socio-economic groups is severely limited due to lower endowment of resources. As significant percentage of SC/ST population inhabit in some parts of the study area, it is imperative to include this parameter in the socio-economic vulnerability assessment framework. ⎛ Total population of backward classes in ith CD block ⎞ Bi = ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ Total population in ith CD block ⎠ ˆ Bi − Bmin Bi = B − B max min 5.5.3. Access to banking services In developed sections of the society, the elements which are at risk (physical assets) from natural disaster consists a small part of the total asset, as the bulk component is protected and insured by banks and other financial institutions. However, this trend gets reversed in case of poorer sections of community. Number of households accessing banking facilities acts as a decent proxy to appraise the share of total household assets exposed to risk events. Higher the number of households availing banking services in a particular CD block, lesser will be the incidence of misery due cyclones and consequential flooding.
5.15 C i Cˆ i ⎛ Total no. of = ⎜ ⎝ Cmax − Ci = C − C max min households availing banking services in ith CD block Total no. of households in ith CD block ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 5.5.4. Net savings Net savings per household particularly in the small saving scheme gives important insight into the capability of restoration after the extreme event has taken place. It also reflects the material prosperity of the households as savings is directly proportional to the income, assuming that vast change in consumption pattern will not be exhibited across the study area. D = Savings per household in ith CD block i Dˆ i D = D max max − Di − D min 5.5.5. Access to household electricity connection One of the frequently used indicator as proxy to level of material welfare of households is its access to electricity, primarily for the purpose of illumination. Communities with higher level of material welfare is expected to perform better in case of extreme hazardous events – as they have greater resources to restore normalcy back. Number of households having electrical connection at household level has been taken as an indicator of socio-economic vulnerability. ⎛ Total no. of Ei = ⎜ ⎝ ˆ Emax − Ei Ei = E − E max min households with access to electricity in ith CD block Total no. of households in ith CD block ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 5.5.6. Type of cooking fuel used Type of the cooking fuel used directly indicates the level of affluence of the particular household. More importantly it explores the dependence of household activities on the adjoining forest reserves. Frequently issues have been raised regarding the exploitation of the forests for fire wood collection. After the extreme events, the dependence on forests rises for the communities adjoining them leading to rapid deterioration of natural environment – which can have significant repercussions in the long term. Number of households having access to proper cooking fuel (LPG, Biogas, coal and kerosene) has been used as an indicator of socio-economic vulnerability.
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MITI
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Project Team Though the outcome of
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Preamble The State of West Bengal,
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1.2 IMD, in its website (http://www
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1.4 5. Proposals for location of cy
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2.2 region is that which struck the
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2.4 Figure 2-2. Track of the 1970 B
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2.6 The most destructive element as
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2.8 the two regions is rather diffe
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2.10 2.4. The eastern coastal zone
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2.12 velocity is first checked. As
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2.14 Strong winds known as cyclones
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2.16 2.4.6. Soil characteristics Th
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2.18 All rivers have in general sou
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2.20 Another interesting feature of
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2.22 formed does not pose so much o
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2.24 2.4.11. Forest composition The
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2.26 Canning (Bidyadhari Outfall in
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2.28 Administrative information Pop
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2.30 Mangrove plantation beyond the
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2.32 A retired embankment of river
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2.34 The beaches are flattened by s
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2.36 of a doiminant tidalbasin of t
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2.38 primary mode is centered on th
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2.40 Aquaculture ponds located betw
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2.42 All the islands are situated w
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2.44 • Transport the water to the
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2.46 The other type of failure may
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2.48 channel floor, some of the riv
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2.50 embankments. Crops and propert
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2.52 2. To reduce the average dista
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3.2 a storm surge caused by a tropi
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3.4 these merchants may have been t
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3.6 Figure 3-1. Map of India during
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3.8 larger volume of sewage and dra
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3.10 receive, at least during the r
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3.12 3.9. Drainage scheme of Dr. B.
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3.14 3.10. CMPO and KMDA (originall
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3.16 Flows are diverted to the loca
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3.18 the Bhangar region through the
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3.20 the ocean level as a result of
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3.22 Table 3-6. Major pumping stati
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3.24 Table 3-9. Drainage basin area
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3.26 will lead to significant impro
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3.28 locks, one at Chitpur and anot
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3.30 Respectively. The discharge of
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3.32 Figure 3-6. The downstream of
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3.34 Figure 3-10 shows the tail end
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3.36
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3.38
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Page 122 and 123: 4.22 ∂u ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ζ 1
Page 124 and 125: 4.24 Δ p p(r) = p( ∞) − [1+ (r
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Page 128 and 129: 4.28 U-Component of Velocity (Surfa
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Page 132 and 133: 4.32 V-component of Velocity (Surfa
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6.43 project. Such sediment deficit
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6.45 paludosa, Rhizophora apiculata
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6.47 15. Ceriops tagal 0.22 0.40 0.
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6.49 shelterbelt (average 100 m wid
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6.51 (assuming land acquisition cos
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6.53 location are missing reducing
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7.2 resulted in large scale waterlo
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7.4 5. No adverse effect in drainin
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7.6 15 LT Panel L.S. 2,200,000 16 I
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7.8 Bagjola, Kestopur and SWF chann
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Executive Cost Summary of Recommend
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References Kanjilal (2005) “Sunde
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“……………….Designingadis
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