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4.38 V-Component of velocity (Surface currents) INDIA BANGLADESH ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### ####################################################################################################################################################### Country.shp Sort-vc1.txt # -0.505 - -0.29 # -0.29 - -0.209 # -0.209 - -0.151 # -0.151 - -0.102 # -0.102 - -0.062 # -0.062 - -0.021 # -0.021 - 0.025 # 0.025 - 0.078 # 0.078 - 0.15 # 0.15 - 0.31 Figure - 18: V-component of velocity for 1981 Namkhana cyclone
Chapter Five Vulnerability Assessment for Coastal Districts of West Bengal 5.1. Vulnerability Assessment In the last five decades, it has been observed that there was an exponential rise in human and material losses from disaster events. Albeit there is no clear evidence that the frequency or intensity of disastrous events has increased. This clearly points out that the rise in disaster related consequences was related to the vulnerability of the people that has been induced by the human determined path of development. Whatever may be the disasters origin, its consequences will not only depend on the hazard’s intrinsic severity and intensity, but also on the people’s vulnerability and socio-economic resistance to violent and unexpected occurrences. Put into simple words, even which drive the disaster may have an origin beyond the limits of man; its ultimate effect upon the state of welfare will generally depend on man-made physical economic and social infrastructure. A proper understanding of the factors which determines a disaster’s effect, in terms of people’s welfare, is then important both in identifying and evaluating prevention measures aimed at reducing people’s vulnerability, after each disaster, the type and amount of damage experienced by affected population. It has also been observed that in every disaster, it is the communities that are on the receiving end, and those who are the first casualties and are hardest hit - are the poor. Prime reason is that, more and more people in lower socio-economic stratum tend to inhabit in marginal and exposed land. It is poverty which drives this underprivileged people to live in precarious locations and adopt unsustainable means of survival – making them increasingly more vulnerable to the natural and man made disasters. Disaster management plans prepared on the feed back of the vulnerability studies, instead of only concentrating on the hazard assessment studies, will perhaps better address the issues of social equity and justice. This component of the study will focus on the inherent characteristics of the human settlements which make it vulnerable to the tropical cyclones and related risks. Assessing the vulnerability of the CHAPTER 5
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MITI
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Project Team Though the outcome of
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Preamble The State of West Bengal,
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1.2 IMD, in its website (http://www
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1.4 5. Proposals for location of cy
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2.2 region is that which struck the
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2.4 Figure 2-2. Track of the 1970 B
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2.6 The most destructive element as
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2.8 the two regions is rather diffe
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2.10 2.4. The eastern coastal zone
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2.12 velocity is first checked. As
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2.14 Strong winds known as cyclones
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2.16 2.4.6. Soil characteristics Th
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2.18 All rivers have in general sou
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2.20 Another interesting feature of
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2.22 formed does not pose so much o
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2.24 2.4.11. Forest composition The
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2.26 Canning (Bidyadhari Outfall in
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2.28 Administrative information Pop
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2.30 Mangrove plantation beyond the
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2.32 A retired embankment of river
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2.34 The beaches are flattened by s
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2.36 of a doiminant tidalbasin of t
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2.38 primary mode is centered on th
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2.40 Aquaculture ponds located betw
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2.42 All the islands are situated w
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2.44 • Transport the water to the
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2.46 The other type of failure may
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2.48 channel floor, some of the riv
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2.50 embankments. Crops and propert
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2.52 2. To reduce the average dista
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3.2 a storm surge caused by a tropi
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3.4 these merchants may have been t
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3.6 Figure 3-1. Map of India during
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3.8 larger volume of sewage and dra
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3.10 receive, at least during the r
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3.12 3.9. Drainage scheme of Dr. B.
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3.14 3.10. CMPO and KMDA (originall
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3.16 Flows are diverted to the loca
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3.18 the Bhangar region through the
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3.20 the ocean level as a result of
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3.22 Table 3-6. Major pumping stati
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3.24 Table 3-9. Drainage basin area
Page 88 and 89: 3.26 will lead to significant impro
Page 90 and 91: 3.28 locks, one at Chitpur and anot
Page 92 and 93: 3.30 Respectively. The discharge of
Page 94 and 95: 3.32 Figure 3-6. The downstream of
Page 96 and 97: 3.34 Figure 3-10 shows the tail end
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Page 102 and 103: 4.2 In US, there is a steady decrea
Page 104 and 105: 4.4 This shows that Orissa (with 10
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Page 108 and 109: 4.8 Table 3: Return periods of cycl
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Page 112 and 113: 4.12 work station (the Automated Tr
Page 114 and 115: 4.14 through this trough into the d
Page 116 and 117: 4.16 Mean Low water 1.51 1.39 1.34
Page 118 and 119: 4.18 τx,τy : x and y components o
Page 120 and 121: 4.20 formulation. However, the rete
Page 122 and 123: 4.22 ∂u ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ ~ ~ ∂ζ 1
Page 124 and 125: 4.24 Δ p p(r) = p( ∞) − [1+ (r
Page 126 and 127: 4.26 maximum surge for this event w
Page 128 and 129: 4.28 U-Component of Velocity (Surfa
Page 130 and 131: 4.30 ## ## ## #### ### ## ########
Page 132 and 133: 4.32 V-component of Velocity (Surfa
Page 134 and 135: 4.34 U-component of Velocity (Surfa
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Page 142 and 143: 5.4 The Composite Vulnerability Ind
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Page 172 and 173: 6.13 Likewise, in all the embankmen
Page 174 and 175: 6.15 Figure 6 -5 Figure 6 -6 Figure
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Page 180 and 181: 6.21 Swaraupnagar Swaraupnagar 100
Page 182 and 183: 6.23 Gobadia Kakdwip Dk Kasiabad &
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6.29
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6.31
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6.33
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6.35 Figure 6 -11 Figure 6 -12
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6.37 Figure 6 -15 Figure 6 -16
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6.39 Figure 6 -19 6.2.7. Recommenda
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6.41 4. Rajraj Swarup & Ramnagar Ab
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6.43 project. Such sediment deficit
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6.45 paludosa, Rhizophora apiculata
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6.47 15. Ceriops tagal 0.22 0.40 0.
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6.49 shelterbelt (average 100 m wid
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6.51 (assuming land acquisition cos
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6.53 location are missing reducing
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7.2 resulted in large scale waterlo
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7.4 5. No adverse effect in drainin
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7.6 15 LT Panel L.S. 2,200,000 16 I
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7.8 Bagjola, Kestopur and SWF chann
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Executive Cost Summary of Recommend
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References Kanjilal (2005) “Sunde
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“……………….Designingadis
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