What is a coast and its importance - Iczmpwb.org
What is a coast and its importance - Iczmpwb.org What is a coast and its importance - Iczmpwb.org
Rare, endemic and restricted mangrove species in India 1. Acanthus ebracteatus: Restricted to A&N 2. Aegialitis rotundifolia: Confined to W.B., Orissa and AP 3. Aglaia cuculata: Restricted to W.B. and Orissa 4. Brownlowia tersa: Restricted to W.B., Orissa and AP 5. Heritiera fomes: Restricted to W.B. and Orissa 6. Heritiera kanikensis: Endemic to Bhitarkanika 7. Lumnitzera littorea: Restricted to A & N 8. Merope angulata: Confined to W.B. and Orissa 9. Nypa fruticans: Restricted to W.B. and A&N 10. Phoenix paludosa: Restricted to A&N and AP 11. Rhizophora annamalayana: Endemic to Pitchavaram 12. Rhizophora stylosa: Confined to Orissa 13. Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea: Restricted to A&N and AP 14. Sonneratia apetala: Rare in several areas 15. Sonneratia griffithii: Restricted to W.B, Orissa and A&N 16. Tylophora tenuis: Restricted to W.B. and Orissa 17. Urochondra setulosa: Endemic to Gujarat 18. Thespesia pipulneoides: Restricted to West Bengal and Orissa 19. Xylocarpus makongensis: Restricted to W.B., Orissa, A&N 20. Xylocarpus mollucensis: Restricted to A&N
Threats to Mangroves 1. Cattle grazing: Tamil Nadu, Gujarat 2. Exploitation for fire wood and wood: TN, GUJ 3. Urbanization: Mumbai 4. Reclamation for Agriculture: W.B, Orissa, AP, Kerala 5. Aquaculture: WB, AP 6. Construction of bridges: WB, TN, AP, GUJ, MH 7. Port and Harbour development: GUJ, WB, MH 8. Hyper salinity: GUJ, TN, WB 9. Siltation and Sedimentation: River and land run-off 10. Natural calamities: Cyclone, Tidal waves (Tsunami) 11. Pollution: industrial, pesticide, oil
- Page 1 and 2: Coast and its importance Dr. C. Rag
- Page 3 and 4: Top 10 largest coastal cities of th
- Page 5 and 6: Terminology of coastal regions
- Page 7 and 8: Tides Definition: The periodic rise
- Page 9 and 10: Coastal Environment of India - Cont
- Page 11 and 12: Types of Shores • Rocky Shore •
- Page 13 and 14: Rocky shore animals Sea urchin Turb
- Page 15 and 16: Sandy shore Molluscs Oliva Donax De
- Page 17 and 18: Adaptation of animals in sandy shor
- Page 19 and 20: Zonation in Sandy Shore
- Page 21 and 22: Grain size in muddy shore
- Page 23 and 24: Adaptation of animals in muddy shor
- Page 25 and 26: Coastal Ecosystems • Estuarine ec
- Page 27 and 28: Profile of an ideal estuary
- Page 29 and 30: Importance of Estuaries • Provide
- Page 31 and 32: Diversity of seagrass • Global co
- Page 33 and 34: Threats to seagrass ecosystem Natur
- Page 35 and 36: Seaweed resources in Indian Coast S
- Page 37 and 38: Mangrove Ecosystem • Mangroves ar
- Page 39 and 40: Sl. No. State-wise status of mangro
- Page 41 and 42: Mangrove fauna of India (2359 speci
- Page 43: Threatened invertebrates in mangrov
- Page 47 and 48: Acropora monticulosa Coral Reef Eco
- Page 49 and 50: Distribution of Coral Reefs in Indi
- Page 51 and 52: Diversity of Corals in A&N Islands
- Page 53 and 54: TYPES OF CORAL GROWTH FORMS Digitat
- Page 55 and 56: TYPES OF CORALLITES Ceroid: Adjacen
- Page 57 and 58: Location marks of Permanent Monitor
- Page 60 and 61: Percentage Live coral cover(%) in A
- Page 62 and 63: Corals of Great Nicobar Island Acro
- Page 64 and 65: Corals of Rutland Island Seriatopor
- Page 66 and 67: Corals of RJMNP Favia matthaii Plat
- Page 68 and 69: Coral Reef cover in North Reef Isla
- Page 70 and 71: Coral reef cover in RJMNP Rani Jans
- Page 72 and 73: Great Nicobar Island Great Nicobar
- Page 74 and 75: Coral Associate: Echinoderm diversi
- Page 76 and 77: Echinoderms - Holothurians Actinopy
- Page 78 and 79: Echinoderms of RJMNP Prionocidaris
- Page 80 and 81: Coral Associate: Molluscan diversit
- Page 82 and 83: Molluscs of South Andaman Bursa gra
- Page 84 and 85: Molluscs of North Andaman Cypraea (
- Page 86 and 87: Molluscs of RJMNP Cassis cornuta (L
- Page 88 and 89: Nudibranchs - RJMNP Aldisa erwinkoe
- Page 90 and 91: Nudibranchs of Ritchie’s Archipel
- Page 92 and 93: Nudibranchs of Middle Andaman Phyll
Threats to Mangroves<br />
1. Cattle grazing: Tamil Nadu, Gujarat<br />
2. Exploitation for fire wood <strong>and</strong> wood:<br />
TN, GUJ<br />
3. Urbanization: Mumbai<br />
4. Reclamation for Agriculture: W.B,<br />
Or<strong>is</strong>sa, AP, Kerala<br />
5. Aquaculture: WB, AP<br />
6. Construction of bridges: WB, TN, AP,<br />
GUJ, MH<br />
7. Port <strong>and</strong> Harbour development: GUJ,<br />
WB, MH<br />
8. Hyper salinity: GUJ, TN, WB<br />
9. Siltation <strong>and</strong> Sedimentation: River <strong>and</strong><br />
l<strong>and</strong> run-off<br />
10. Natural calamities: Cyclone, Tidal<br />
waves (Tsunami)<br />
11. Pollution: industrial, pesticide, oil
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