The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca
The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca
Index • 325 • Mesolithic 36, 44, 46, 47, 52, 54; Neolithic 60, 62; Bronze Age 91; Iron Age 115; Roman 141, 160; medieval 245 Pontefract (Yorks) 215 Poole Harbour (Dorset) 128 Popham (Hants) 253 population see demography portal dolmens 67 Portchester (Hants) 204, 235 ports: Iron Age 131; early historic period 179, 191, 203; medieval 211–12, 216–18, 224, 225; postmedieval 275, 287, 291; see also trade/exchange systems, wics Post Track (Som) 65 Potterne (Wilts) 101, 231 Potterspury (Northants) 261 pottery: Neolithic 58, 59, 60, 71, 75; Beaker 60, 77, 78, 80–1, 82; Early Bronze Age 80–2, 83–4, 93; Later Bronze Age 96–7, 98, 99–100, 105, 106; Iron Age 114, 124, 127, 128, 131–2; Roman 141, 159, 160, 172, 174; early historic period 181, 182, 183, 186, 191, 205; medieval 243–4, 248, 261; post-medieval 294, 295 pottery making: Bronze Age 105; Iron Age 125, 126, 127–8, 129; Roman 172, 173; Anglo- Scandinavian period 205; medieval 221, 261; post-medieval 284, 294–5 Poundbury (Dorset) 168 power systems 274, 280, 287–9 Powys, kingdom of 176 preceptories 241, 242 preservation see archaeological resource, management of prisons 215 publications 8–9 Quanterness (Orkney) 67 quarrying 65–6, 80, 127, 274 Queenbrough (Kent) 224 querns 113, 125, 126–7 radiocarbon dating 3, 6, 10; Upper Palaeolithic 13– 14, 17–18, 25, 26, 29; Mesolithic 46, 47, 48, 49; Neolithic 60; Bronze Age 82, 96, 97; Iron Age 115 Radley oval barrow (Oxon) 66, 67 railways 275, 291, 292, 293 Ram’s Hill (Berks) 83 raths 113 Raunds (Northants): Anglo-Scandinavian period 199, 201, 206, 231; medieval period 231, 232, 233, 242; project 257–8 Reading (Berks) 225 Red Dell Beck (Cumbria) 287 red ochre 28, 44 Redditch (Worcs), military defences 2 Redwald 185 Reepham (Norfolk) 232 Reformation 276 Regnenses 149 religion: Roman 138, 167–8; medieval 223; see also Christianity religious sites see burials, churches, monasteries, temples/shrines, votive deposits Rennie, John 292 Repton (Derbys) 195, 197–8 Repton, Humphry 272 rescue archaeology 7, 298–9, 306, 313; urban 213, 225, 265, 276 resource management see archaeological resource, management of Rhuddlan (Clwyd): castle 238; pebble, Mesolithic 42, 43 Ribblehead (N Yorks), farmstead 196, 201 Richborough (Kent) 144, 145, 168 ridge and furrow 258, 271 Ring of Brogar (Orkney) 65, 72, 73 ring-ditches 59, 60 ringworks 234, 235–6 Rinyo (Orkney) 65 Ripon (N Yorks) 189, 200 Risby Warren (Humb) 31 Rivenhall (Essex) 231 Riverdale (Kent) 30 roads: Roman 140, 163; medieval 261–2; postmedieval 274, 291, 292; see also trackways Robin Hood Cave (Derbys) 17, 19, 20, 23, 24 rock art 91 Rockbourne (Hants) 164 Rockingham (Northants) 261 Rockley (Yorks) 286 Rollright Stones (Oxon) 92, 311–12 Roman army: evidence 135–41; impact 147–8, 169–71; occupation, perception of 141–7; see also camps, fortlets, fortresses, forts, frontiers, watchtowers Roman camps (temporary) 139, 141, 146, 147 Romanization 147–8, 170–1, 173–4 Romsey (Hants) 43 Rosal (Suth) 252 Rosinish (W Isles) 84, 91 round barrows/cairns: Neolithic 59, 60, 66–8; Bronze Age 86–8, 89, 90, 91; reused 182 roundhouses see buildings, domestic Roxby (N Yorks) 117, 119 Roystone Grange (Derbys) 260 Rudkin, Ethel 250 Rudland Rigg (N Yorks) 285 Rudston (Yorks) 72, 90 Runnymede Bridge (Surrey) 99 Ruthven Barracks (Highland) 269 St Albans (Verulamium, Herts): oppida 122, 123, 124, 130; Roman period 136, 162
• 326 • Index St Andrews (Fife) 277 Salcombe (Devon) 84, 106 Salisbury (Wilts) 212, 213, 215 Salmonsbury (Glos) 121 Salt, Titus, 290, 291 salt industry: Bronze Age 103, 104, 109, 110; Iron Age 113, 125, 126 Sancton (Yorks) 183 Sanctuary, The (Wilts) 74 Sandal (W Yorks) 235, 243 Sandwell (W Mids) 239 Sankey Navigation 275 Saxon Shore forts 145, 153, 154, 155 Saxons 137, 179–80, 184 Scar (Orkney) 199 Scarborough (N Yorks) 278 scheduled monuments 307 Scilly Isles (Corn) 27, 101 Scoti 137, 176, 182 sculpture: Roman 168, 174; early historic period 179, 189; Anglo-Scandinavian 195, 200, 201 sea-levels 35, 36, 37, 44 Seacourt (Oxon) 250 Seamer Carr (N Yorks) 31–2, 44 seaside resorts 278 Selkirk (Scottish Borders) 211 settlement: Neolithic 63, 64, 65; Early Bronze Age 84, 85, 86; Later Bronze Age 96–7, 98–9, 100– 1, 102, 110–11; Iron Age (illus) 113, 115–24, 128–30; Roman (illus) 161–6, 169–71; early historic period 179, 186, 187–8, 194; Anglo- Scandinavian (illus) 194, 196–7, 201–5; medieval, rural (illus) 247–62; post-medieval, rural, 265–6; see also buildings,domestic, towns, villages Severus, Septimus 136–7, 138, 147, 152 shale objects: Mesolithic 42, 43, 54–5; Bronze Age 80, 87, 89, 104, 106; Iron Age 113, 120, 125, 129 Shapwick (Som) 257 Shaugh Moor (Devon) 87 sheepcotes, 254 shell middens see middens shelters see buildings, domestic Sherbourne (Dorset) 24 Shetland 195 shielings 266, 267 Shrewsbury (Shrops) 215, 219, 234 shrines see temples/shrines signal stations, Roman 140 Silbury Hill (Wilts) 60, 74 Silchester (Calleva, Hants) 122, 161–2, 168, 313 silver-working 172 Skaill (Orkney) 206 Skara Brae (Orkney) 60, 65 Smailholm (Borders) 268 Smeaton, John 292 Snettisham (Norfolk) 123, 128 social organization: Mesolithic 54–5; Neolithic 61– 2, 70; Early Bronze Age 89–90; Later Bronze Age 108–9, 111; Iron Age, 128–30 132–3; early historic period 181, 184–6; medieval 222–3, 249 Sockburn (Co Durham) 200 Somerset Levels 61, 64–5 souterrains 117 South Cadbury (Som) 180, 204 South Lodge (Dorset) 86, 90, 100 South Mimms (Herts) 235 South Shields (Tyne & Wear) 141, 312 South Street long barrow (Wilts) 61 South Witham (Lincs) 242 Southampton (Hants) 204, 214, 215 spas 277–8 Speed, John 276 Spong Hill (Norfolk) 182, 183 Springfield Lyons (Essex) 100, 107 Springhead (Kent) 30 Springwood Park (Roxburghs) 253, 255 Sproughton (Suffolk) 30 Sprouston (Scottish Borders) 188 Stackpole Warren (Dyfed) 85 Stafford (Staffs) 205, 215 stalled cairns 68 Stamford (Lincs) 203, 205, 243 standing stones 86, 91 Stanegate 144, 151, 152, 153 Stanion (Northants) 261 Stanley Mill (Glos) 290 Stansted (Essex) 118, 123 Stanwick (N Yorks) 122 Stanydale (Shetland) 84 Staosnaig (Colonsay) 43, 48, 54 Star Carr (Yorks): case study 6, 45–6; economy 43, 52, 54; environmental evidence 36–7; finds from 38, 39, 41–2, 43, 44, 50 steel 286 Stephenson, George 292 Stirling (Stirlingshire) 211, 215 Stoke-on-Trent (Staffs), kilns 294 stone rows and avenues 60, 72, 74, 91 stone and timber circles: Neolithic 59, 60, 72–3, 74; Bronze Age 86, 91–2 Stonea Camp (Cambs) 121 Stonehenge (Wilts): Neolithic period 58, 59, 67, 72, 73–4; Bronze Age period 77, 78, 80, 89, 90, 91–2; managing 302, 306, 312 Stones of Stenness (Orkney) 65, 72, 73 Strabo 130 strategic planning 305–9 Stratford (Warks) 214 Street House (Cleveland) 68, 69 structures see buildings, domestic Studley Royal Park (N Yorks) 306
- Page 289 and 290: • 274 • Ian Whyte The need of i
- Page 291 and 292: • 276 • Ian Whyte TOWNSCAPES Ur
- Page 293 and 294: • 278 • Ian Whyte Buxton, Derby
- Page 295 and 296: Chapter Sixteen The workshop of the
- Page 297 and 298: • 282 • Kate Clark writing duri
- Page 299 and 300: • 284 • Kate Clark Industrial a
- Page 301 and 302: • 286 • Kate Clark Archaeologic
- Page 303 and 304: • 288 • Kate Clark nevertheless
- Page 305 and 306: • 290 • Kate Clark production t
- Page 307 and 308: • 292 • Kate Clark Some rivers
- Page 309 and 310: • 294 • Kate Clark however, can
- Page 311 and 312: • 296 • Kate Clark have the maj
- Page 313 and 314: • 298 • Timothy Darvill never p
- Page 315 and 316: • 300 • Timothy Darvill What un
- Page 317 and 318: • 302 • Timothy Darvill authori
- Page 319 and 320: • 304 • Timothy Darvill methodo
- Page 321 and 322: • 306 • Timothy Darvill Develop
- Page 323 and 324: • 308 • Timothy Darvill • Ass
- Page 325 and 326: • 310 • Timothy Darvill cause t
- Page 327 and 328: • 312 • Timothy Darvill Archaeo
- Page 329 and 330: • 314 • Timothy Darvill its fut
- Page 331 and 332: Index Illustrations are indicated b
- Page 333 and 334: • 318 • Index period 187-8; Ang
- Page 335 and 336: • 320 • Index Doarlish Cashen (
- Page 337 and 338: • 322 • Index Helston (Corn), t
- Page 339: • 324 • Index Mill Hill (Kent)
- Page 343: • 328 • Index waggonways see tr
• 326 • Index<br />
St <strong>An</strong>drews (Fife) 277<br />
Salcombe (Devon) 84, 106<br />
Salisbury (Wilts) 212, 213, 215<br />
Salmonsbury (Glos) 121<br />
Salt, Titus, 290, 291<br />
salt industry: Bronze Age 103, 104, 109, 110; Iron<br />
Age 113, 125, 126<br />
Sancton (Yorks) 183<br />
Sanctuary, <strong>The</strong> (Wilts) 74<br />
Sandal (W Yorks) 235, 243<br />
Sandwell (W Mids) 239<br />
Sankey Navigation 275<br />
Saxon Shore forts 145, 153, 154, 155<br />
Saxons 137, 179–80, 184<br />
S<strong>ca</strong>r (Orkney) 199<br />
S<strong>ca</strong>rborough (N Yorks) 278<br />
scheduled monuments 307<br />
Scilly Isles (Corn) 27, 101<br />
Scoti 137, 176, 182<br />
sculpture: Roman 168, 174; early historic period<br />
179, 189; <strong>An</strong>glo-S<strong>ca</strong>ndinavian 195, 200, 201<br />
sea-levels 35, 36, 37, 44<br />
Seacourt (Oxon) 250<br />
Seamer Carr (N Yorks) 31–2, 44<br />
seaside resorts 278<br />
Selkirk (Scottish Borders) 211<br />
settlement: Neolithic 63, 64, 65; Early Bronze Age<br />
84, 85, 86; Later Bronze Age 96–7, 98–9, 100–<br />
1, 102, 110–11; Iron Age (illus) 113, 115–24,<br />
128–30; Roman (illus) 161–6, 169–71; early<br />
historic period 179, 186, 187–8, 194; <strong>An</strong>glo-<br />
S<strong>ca</strong>ndinavian (illus) 194, 196–7, 201–5;<br />
medieval, rural (illus) 247–62; post-medieval,<br />
rural, 265–6; see also buildings,domestic, towns,<br />
villages<br />
Severus, Septimus 136–7, 138, 147, 152<br />
shale objects: Mesolithic 42, 43, 54–5; Bronze Age<br />
80, 87, 89, 104, 106; Iron Age 113, 120, 125,<br />
129<br />
Shapwick (Som) 257<br />
Shaugh Moor (Devon) 87<br />
sheepcotes, 254<br />
shell middens see middens<br />
shelters see buildings, domestic<br />
Sherbourne (Dorset) 24<br />
Shetland 195<br />
shielings 266, 267<br />
Shrewsbury (Shrops) 215, 219, 234<br />
shrines see temples/shrines<br />
signal stations, Roman 140<br />
Silbury Hill (Wilts) 60, 74<br />
Silchester (Calleva, Hants) 122, 161–2, 168, 313<br />
silver-working 172<br />
Skaill (Orkney) 206<br />
Skara Brae (Orkney) 60, 65<br />
Smailholm (Borders) 268<br />
Smeaton, John 292<br />
Snettisham (Norfolk) 123, 128<br />
social organization: Mesolithic 54–5; Neolithic 61–<br />
2, 70; Early Bronze Age 89–90; Later Bronze<br />
Age 108–9, 111; Iron Age, 128–30 132–3; early<br />
historic period 181, 184–6; medieval 222–3,<br />
249<br />
Sockburn (Co Durham) 200<br />
Somerset Levels 61, 64–5<br />
souterrains 117<br />
South Cadbury (Som) 180, 204<br />
South Lodge (Dorset) 86, 90, 100<br />
South Mimms (Herts) 235<br />
South Shields (Tyne & Wear) 141, 312<br />
South Street long barrow (Wilts) 61<br />
South Witham (Lincs) 242<br />
Southampton (Hants) 204, 214, 215<br />
spas 277–8<br />
Speed, John 276<br />
Spong Hill (Norfolk) 182, 183<br />
Springfield Lyons (Essex) 100, 107<br />
Springhead (Kent) 30<br />
Springwood Park (Roxburghs) 253, 255<br />
Sproughton (Suffolk) 30<br />
Sprouston (Scottish Borders) 188<br />
Stackpole Warren (Dyfed) 85<br />
Stafford (Staffs) 205, 215<br />
stalled <strong>ca</strong>irns 68<br />
Stamford (Lincs) 203, 205, 243<br />
standing stones 86, 91<br />
Stanegate 144, 151, 152, 153<br />
Stanion (Northants) 261<br />
Stanley Mill (Glos) 290<br />
Stansted (Essex) 118, 123<br />
Stanwick (N Yorks) 122<br />
Stanydale (Shetland) 84<br />
Staosnaig (Colonsay) 43, 48, 54<br />
Star Carr (Yorks): <strong>ca</strong>se study 6, 45–6; economy 43,<br />
52, 54; environmental evidence 36–7; finds<br />
<strong>from</strong> 38, 39, 41–2, 43, 44, 50<br />
steel 286<br />
Stephenson, George 292<br />
Stirling (Stirlingshire) 211, 215<br />
Stoke-on-Trent (Staffs), kilns 294<br />
stone rows and avenues 60, 72, 74, 91<br />
stone and timber circles: Neolithic 59, 60, 72–3,<br />
74; Bronze Age 86, 91–2<br />
Stonea Camp (Cambs) 121<br />
Stonehenge (Wilts): Neolithic period 58, 59, 67,<br />
72, 73–4; Bronze Age period 77, 78, 80, 89, 90,<br />
91–2; managing 302, 306, 312<br />
Stones <strong>of</strong> Stenness (Orkney) 65, 72, 73<br />
Strabo 130<br />
strategic planning 305–9<br />
Stratford (Warks) 214<br />
Street House (Cleveland) 68, 69<br />
structures see buildings, domestic<br />
Studley Royal Park (N Yorks) 306
Change language