The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca
The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca The Archaeology of Britain: An introduction from ... - waughfamily.ca
Index • 317 • Banbury (Oxon) 215, 216 Bancroft 116, 119 banjo enclosures 117 barbed points see harpoons Barburgh Mill (Dum & Gall), fortlet 140, 145 Barnack (Cambs) 89, 165, 189 Barnard Castle (Co Durham) 235, 243 Barnhouse (Orkney) 65 barns: Roman 164; medieval 254; post-medieval 293 Barnstaple (Devon) 213, 214 Barrow (Lincs) 232 barrows: Iron Age 123; Scandinavian 198; see also long barrows, round barrows/cairns Barton Bendish (Norfolk) 232 Barton Blount (Derbys) 254, 255 Barton-on-Humber (Humb), church 232, 233, 234 Barvas (W Isles) 84, 85 bastle houses 268 Bath (B&NES): Roman period 168; early historic period 204; post-medieval period 277, 278; World Heritage Site designation 306 bath houses 143, 161, 162 Bathampton Down (B&NES) 120 batons, Upper Palaeolithic 17, 20, 21 battle axes, Bronze Age 80, 89 beads: Upper Palaeolithic 17, 32; Mesolithic 42, 43, 44, 54–5; Bronze Age 80, 89; Iron Age 125, 126; early historic period 182 Beamish Museum (Co Durham) 283 Beckford (Worcs) 166 Bede 178, 179, 184, 185, 188 Bedford (Beds) 211, 235 Beechamwell (Norfolk) 232 Beer (Devon) 19 beetle studies 13, 15, 24, 29 Belgae 114, 115, 130 Belle Tout (Sussex) 85 Belling Law (Northumb) 170 Benedict Biscop, St 189 Benie Hoose (Shetland) 84–5 Beresford, Maurice 250–1 Bersham (Clwyd) 285 Bersu, Gerhard 6, 115 Bertha (Perths) 149 Berwick-on-Tweed (Northumb) 214, 215, 269 Bigbury (Kent) 121 Bignor (W Sussex) 165 Birrens (Dum & Gall) 141 Birsay (Orkney) 202 Bishopstone (Sussex) 117 Black Death 211, 224, 247 Black Patch (E Sussex) 100, 101 Blackpool (Lancs) 278 Blashenwell (Dorset) 49 Blenheim (Oxon) 268, 306 block houses 234 bloodstone 47, 51 boats: Mesolithic 44; Bronze Age 84, 104, 105, 106; Iron Age 131; early historic period 184; Anglo-Scandinavian 198, 199, 202; see also ports, underwater archaeology Bodiam Castle (Sussex) 237 Bodmin Moor (Corn) 91, 101 bog bodies 124 Bolsay Farm (Islay) 48, 50–1 Bonawe (Argyll), ironworks 286 bone-working: Upper Palaeolithic 16–17, 20–1; Mesolithic 50; see also antler-working Book of Durrow 190 Book of Kells 191 Boothby Pagnell (Lincs) 235 Bordesley (Worcs) 241, 260, 288 Boston (Lincs) 211, 225 Boudiccan rebellion 136, 149, 162 Bradford (W Yorks) 290 Brandon (Suffolk) 190 Braughing-Puckeridge (Herts) 121 Brecon (Powys) 211 Brecon Beacons (Powys), tramways 293 Breiddin (Powys) 102, 120 Brewster, Tony 250 bridges: medieval 262, 274; post-medieval 274, 283, 284, 285, 292 Bridgnorth (Shrops) 214 Bridgwater canal 275 Brigantes 136, 149 Brighton (Sussex) 278 Brindley, James 292 briquetage 126 Bristol 212, 214, 215, 225, 233 Brixworth (Northants) 189 brochs 113, 117, 130 Brockhill (Surrey) 25 Broken Cavern (Devon) 25, 26 Brompton (N Yorks) 201 brooches: Iron Age 114, 131, 132; Roman 174; early historic period 182, 184, 186, 196 Brooklands (Surrey) 125 Broom Hill (Hants) 43, 54 Broomend of Crichie (Aberdeen) 90 Brouster (Shetland) 84 Brown, Capability 272 Bruce, Sir William 269 Bruce-Mitford, Rupert 250 Brycheiniog, kingdom of 176 Bryn y Castell (Gwynedd) 125 Bu, house plan 116 building technology 221, 290 buildings, domestic: Mesolithic 43, 49; Neolithic 63, 64, 65, 75; Early Bronze Age 84, 85, 86, 91, 93; Later Bronze Age 99, 100, 101, 102, 105; Iron Age 115, 116, 117, 120–1, 132; Roman, 162, 164, 166, 170; see also villas; early historic
• 318 • Index period 187–8; Anglo-Scandinavian 196, 201–2, 203, 204; medieval (rural 250–1, 252, 253–4, 255, 256; urban 217, 218–20, 221, 224 ); postmedieval (rural 266–7, 268–9; urban 276, 277, 278, 290–1) burhs 194, 203–4, 206, 234, 235 burials: Upper Palaeolithic 21–3, 28; Mesolithic 43–4; Neolithic, 60, 66, 67, 68–9, 70, 71; Early Bronze Age 86–8, 89–90, 91, 93; Later Bronze Age 95, 99, 100, 108; Iron Age 113, 123, 124, 130; Roman 159, 162, 163–4, 168, 174; early historic period 179, 182–4, 185, 186, 188–9, 190; Anglo-Scandinavian 195, 197–8, 199, 200–1, 202; medieval 233–4, 242; post-medieval 233 burnt stone mounds 102–3 Burton Dassett (Warks) 253, 254 Burton Fleming-Rudston (E Yorks) 123 Bury St Edmunds (Suffolk) 31, 218 Bush Barrow (Wilts) 89 butchery: Upper Palaeolithic 20, 28; Mesolithic 45, 46 Butterley Company 292 Buxton (Derbys) 278 Cadbury Castle (Som) 120, 180 Caerleon (Gwent) 140, 147 Caernarvon (Gwynedd) 214 Caldecotte (Herts) 256 Calke Abbey (Derbys) 293 Callanish (Lewis) 60, 73 Camber Castle (Sussex) 269 Camden, William 298 Camelon (Stirling) 149 Campsey Ash (Suffolk) 242 canals, 275, 291, 292 cannabae 147 cannibalism 23 Canterbury (Kent) 306, 307: Iron Age oppidum 121; Anglo-Saxon churches 189; medieval period 213, 214, 215, 216, 218, 244 Carausius 137, 155 Cardiff (Glam) 211, 214 Carlisle (Cumbria) 141 Carmarthen (Carmarth) 211 Carn Brea (Corn) 70 Carn Euny (Corn) 130 Cass Ny Hawin (Isle of Man) 38, 43 Cassington (Oxon) 86 Castle Acre (Norfolk) 235, 236, 243 Castle Combe (Wilts) 212 Castle Rising (Norfolk) 237 castles (illus) 11, 234–8, 243, 244–5: function 229; replacement of 267–9; Welsh 211, 214, 237–8, 306 Castletown Roche (Ireland) 78 Catsgore (Som) 166 Caughley (Shrops) 294 causewayed enclosures 59, 60, 75: ditch deposits 67, 70, 74; interpretation 61–2, 70, 71–2 Causey (Co Durham) 285, 292 Cefn Graeanog (Gwynedd) 254–5 cemeteries: Mesolithic 43–4; Early Bronze Age 90, 91, 93; Later Bronze Age 99, 100; Iron Age 123–4, 130; Roman 162, 163, 168; early historic period (illus) 179, 182–6, 188–9, 190; Anglo-Scandinavian 195, 198, 199, 202; medieval 233–4, 242; see also burials cereal cultivation see agriculture cereal exploitation,? Mesolithic 54 Chalton (Hants), settlement 166, 187–8 chambered tombs 59–60, 66, 67, 68, 90 chapels, nonconformist 269 charcoal 261, 272, 285–6 Charterhouse (Som) 287 Cheddar (Som) 20, 188, 205 Chepstow (Gwent) 235 chert 19, 25, 51 Chester (Ches): Area of Archaeological Importance designation 307; Roman fortress 140; Anglo-Scandinavian period 196, 203–4, 206; medieval period 211, 225 Chichester (W Sussex) 204 chiefdom societies 89 Childe, V.Gordon 5, 77, 304 china clay mining 274 Chingley (Kent) 260, 286 Chisenbury Warren (Wilts) 166 Christianity: Roman 168, 169; early historic period 179, 182, 188–9; see also churches, monasteries chronology 2–3 Church Hole (Derbys) 17, 21, 23 churches: Roman 168, 174; early historic period 188–9, 228; Anglo-Scandinavian 206–7; medieval (illus) 228–9, 230–4, 242–3, 244–5, 249; post-medieval period 269; see also Christianity, monasteries Chysauster (Corn) 119 Cill Donnain (W Isles) 84, 85 cists: Bronze Age 87, 91; Iron Age 124; early historic period 182; Anglo-Scandinavian 199 civitas-capitals 161, 162 clachans 266 Clandon barrow (Dorset) 89 Clark, Grahame 6, 45, 61 Clarke, David, L. 6 Claudius 155, 167 Clava cairns (Highland) 72 Claydon Pike (Glos) 166 Cleaven Dyke (Perths) 72 Clee Hills (Shrops) 285 clothing, Bronze Age 80
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Index<br />
• 317 •<br />
Banbury (Oxon) 215, 216<br />
Bancr<strong>of</strong>t 116, 119<br />
banjo enclosures 117<br />
barbed points see harpoons<br />
Barburgh Mill (Dum & Gall), fortlet 140, 145<br />
Barnack (Cambs) 89, 165, 189<br />
Barnard Castle (Co Durham) 235, 243<br />
Barnhouse (Orkney) 65<br />
barns: Roman 164; medieval 254; post-medieval<br />
293<br />
Barnstaple (Devon) 213, 214<br />
Barrow (Lincs) 232<br />
barrows: Iron Age 123; S<strong>ca</strong>ndinavian 198; see also<br />
long barrows, round barrows/<strong>ca</strong>irns<br />
Barton Bendish (Norfolk) 232<br />
Barton Blount (Derbys) 254, 255<br />
Barton-on-Humber (Humb), church 232, 233, 234<br />
Barvas (W Isles) 84, 85<br />
bastle houses 268<br />
Bath (B&NES): Roman period 168; early historic<br />
period 204; post-medieval period 277, 278;<br />
World Heritage Site designation 306<br />
bath houses 143, 161, 162<br />
Bathampton Down (B&NES) 120<br />
batons, Upper Palaeolithic 17, 20, 21<br />
battle axes, Bronze Age 80, 89<br />
beads: Upper Palaeolithic 17, 32; Mesolithic 42,<br />
43, 44, 54–5; Bronze Age 80, 89; Iron Age 125,<br />
126; early historic period 182<br />
Beamish Museum (Co Durham) 283<br />
Beckford (Worcs) 166<br />
Bede 178, 179, 184, 185, 188<br />
Bedford (Beds) 211, 235<br />
Beechamwell (Norfolk) 232<br />
Beer (Devon) 19<br />
beetle studies 13, 15, 24, 29<br />
Belgae 114, 115, 130<br />
Belle Tout (Sussex) 85<br />
Belling Law (Northumb) 170<br />
Benedict Biscop, St 189<br />
Benie Hoose (Shetland) 84–5<br />
Beresford, Maurice 250–1<br />
Bersham (Clwyd) 285<br />
Bersu, Gerhard 6, 115<br />
Bertha (Perths) 149<br />
Berwick-on-Tweed (Northumb) 214, 215, 269<br />
Bigbury (Kent) 121<br />
Bignor (W Sussex) 165<br />
Birrens (Dum & Gall) 141<br />
Birsay (Orkney) 202<br />
Bishopstone (Sussex) 117<br />
Black Death 211, 224, 247<br />
Black Patch (E Sussex) 100, 101<br />
Blackpool (Lancs) 278<br />
Blashenwell (Dorset) 49<br />
Blenheim (Oxon) 268, 306<br />
block houses 234<br />
bloodstone 47, 51<br />
boats: Mesolithic 44; Bronze Age 84, 104, 105,<br />
106; Iron Age 131; early historic period 184;<br />
<strong>An</strong>glo-S<strong>ca</strong>ndinavian 198, 199, 202; see also ports,<br />
underwater archaeology<br />
Bodiam Castle (Sussex) 237<br />
Bodmin Moor (Corn) 91, 101<br />
bog bodies 124<br />
Bolsay Farm (Islay) 48, 50–1<br />
Bonawe (Argyll), ironworks 286<br />
bone-working: Upper Palaeolithic 16–17, 20–1;<br />
Mesolithic 50; see also antler-working<br />
Book <strong>of</strong> Durrow 190<br />
Book <strong>of</strong> Kells 191<br />
Boothby Pagnell (Lincs) 235<br />
Bordesley (Worcs) 241, 260, 288<br />
Boston (Lincs) 211, 225<br />
Boudic<strong>ca</strong>n rebellion 136, 149, 162<br />
Bradford (W Yorks) 290<br />
Brandon (Suffolk) 190<br />
Braughing-Puckeridge (Herts) 121<br />
Brecon (Powys) 211<br />
Brecon Beacons (Powys), tramways 293<br />
Breiddin (Powys) 102, 120<br />
Brewster, Tony 250<br />
bridges: medieval 262, 274; post-medieval 274,<br />
283, 284, 285, 292<br />
Bridgnorth (Shrops) 214<br />
Bridgwater <strong>ca</strong>nal 275<br />
Brigantes 136, 149<br />
Brighton (Sussex) 278<br />
Brindley, James 292<br />
briquetage 126<br />
Bristol 212, 214, 215, 225, 233<br />
Brixworth (Northants) 189<br />
brochs 113, 117, 130<br />
Brockhill (Surrey) 25<br />
Broken Cavern (Devon) 25, 26<br />
Brompton (N Yorks) 201<br />
brooches: Iron Age 114, 131, 132; Roman 174;<br />
early historic period 182, 184, 186, 196<br />
Brooklands (Surrey) 125<br />
Broom Hill (Hants) 43, 54<br />
Broomend <strong>of</strong> Crichie (Aberdeen) 90<br />
Brouster (Shetland) 84<br />
Brown, Capability 272<br />
Bruce, Sir William 269<br />
Bruce-Mitford, Rupert 250<br />
Brycheiniog, kingdom <strong>of</strong> 176<br />
Bryn y Castell (Gwynedd) 125<br />
Bu, house plan 116<br />
building technology 221, 290<br />
buildings, domestic: Mesolithic 43, 49; Neolithic<br />
63, 64, 65, 75; Early Bronze Age 84, 85, 86, 91,<br />
93; Later Bronze Age 99, 100, 101, 102, 105;<br />
Iron Age 115, 116, 117, 120–1, 132; Roman,<br />
162, 164, 166, 170; see also villas; early historic
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