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Buddhist-Meditation-Systematic-and-Practical

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are the Buddha's personal teachings. While they teach<br />

mainly the Hinayana doctrines, they are also the basis<br />

for all the schools of every vehicle. These extensive <strong>and</strong><br />

important scriptures have been completely translated<br />

into Chinese <strong>and</strong> also into English, for in your country,<br />

Engl<strong>and</strong>, the Pali Text Society has long been established.<br />

This is a good foundation for all <strong>Buddhist</strong> endeavors in<br />

the West. Besides this, we must recognize that the aims<br />

of all Hinayana meditation are based on these sutras.<br />

We should revere these personal teachings of the<br />

Buddha by practice of their good advice.<br />

The five hundred Arhats attending the first <strong>Buddhist</strong><br />

Council at Rajagrha were the guardians of the<br />

Enlightened One's personal teachings. Due to their great<br />

care <strong>and</strong> devotion, we have these records preserved. We<br />

should, from gratitude, make our deep obeisance to<br />

these ancient worthy ones; they are, as it were, our<br />

"schoolmates," for we have the same Teacher,<br />

Sakyamuni, <strong>and</strong> they all attained wonderful powers<br />

before they died. They are indeed a good example of the<br />

arya Sangha which we should make all efforts to follow.<br />

Why do we honor them in this order? We see<br />

Tsong-khapa as not only a scholar <strong>and</strong> disciplinarian,<br />

but also as a great Tantric guru. In the esoteric tradition<br />

of Tantra, the exoteric instruction of the Four Reliances<br />

(see Ch. VI, B, 1, a, ii) is reversed: to place reliance<br />

upon a person (the guru) but not upon principles<br />

(abstract formulation in books, etc.). As all our<br />

235

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