Who Owns Pakistan - Yimg

The geographic location of the companies listed on the stock exchange also
confirms the trend of shift of manufacturing industries from Karachi to Punjab,
specifically to Lahore and Faisalabad. On January 1,1997, only 184 if the 550
listed companies engaged in manufacturing activities were located in Karachi
and Sindh, of which 91 were incorporated before Bhutto era. On the other hand,
only 44 of the 250 listed companies engaged in manufacturing in Punjab
belonged to the pre-Bhutto era.
Memons - the Sailor Businessmen of India
History books have often described Memons as " the sailor businessmen of
India" who had fanned out of native Gujrat in the 18th century, making abodes
and setting business in Indian cities adn far-off places in the Asian and African
continents. By the end of 19th century, a sizeable Memon community was
reported to have entrenched itself in Burma, Sri Lanka, Far East and countries in
East and South Africa.
The origin of Memons can be traced to 14-15 century when a follower of Syed
Abdul Qadir Jilani namely Syed Yusufuddin alias Yusuf Sindhi visited India and
converted several thousand Hindu families in Kathiawar, Kutch and Thatta in
Southern Sindh to Islam. The new converts of Thatta, mostly Hindu Lohanas
were forced to migrate because of the persecution by the native Hidus. One
group of the migrants went to Harar in Saurashtar and came to be known as Hali
Memons while another group settled at Kutch in Gujrat and was designated as
Kutchi Memons. It is said that Yusuf Sindhi called the new converts " the Momis"
(The examplary Muslims) which over the years became Memons.
A mass settlement of Memons and other Muslim business communities of Gujrat
throughout India started towards the end of 18th century and it was perhaps
during this period that ancestors of Haroons, Dadas and Hashwanis migrated
from Gujrat to settle in Karachi, entrenching themselves in the local business.
In 1960, the Memons had a population of 150,000 living in Pakistan and an equal
number in India where they had set up All India Memon Foundation in 1984.
They have associations in Pakistan, Mauritius and Tanzania and according to the
United Memon Jamaat of Pakistan, their current population in Pakistan and
abroad stands at 4 million.
Being a minority and saddled with apprehensions of persecution, the Muslim
business communities of Gujrat felt protected under British rule and had strong
business ties with them, as is evident from number of title holders among the
Memons like Sir Abdullah Haroon, Sir Dawood Adamjee and Sir Sultan Chinoy.
Adamjees, Haroons, Jaffers, Abu Bakr, Tabanis, Karims and Dadas had
developed business arrangements with several leading English monopolies
much before partition of India. Karims had set up their offices in Hong Kong,
Japan and countries of the Near East while Abdul Sattar Ahmad, a member of
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