sustainable development 20 years on from the ... - JosÃ© Eli da Veiga

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149 Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (<strong>20</strong>11), Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits arising from Their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Text and annex, Montreal [online] http://www.cbd.int/ abs/doc/protocol/nagoya-protocol-en.pdf. (<strong>20</strong>10), Global Biodiversity Outlook 3, Montreal. Sherman, K. and G. Hempel (eds.) (<strong>20</strong>09), “The UNEP large marine ecosystem report: a perspective of changing conditions in LMEs of the world´s regional seas”, UNEP Regional Seas Report and Studies, No. 182, Nairobi. TEEB (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity) (<strong>20</strong>10), The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature. A Synthesis of the Approach, Conclusions and Recommendations of TEEB, Malta, Progress Press. UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) (<strong>20</strong>11), UNDP Montreal Protocol Unit’s Contribution to Sustainable Development in Latin America and the Caribbean Region Since 1992: Achievements, Gaps and Way Forward to Sustainability. UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (<strong>20</strong>10a), Latin America and the Caribbean: Environment Outlook, Panama City. (<strong>20</strong>10b), “UNEP Emerging Issues: Environmental Consequences of Ocean Acidification: a Threat to Food Security” [online] http://www.grid.unep.ch/product/publication/download/ Environmental_Consequences_of_Ocean_Acidification.pdf. (<strong>20</strong>10c), “The greening of water law: managing freshwater resources for people and the environment” [online] http://www.unep.org/dec/PDF/UNEP_Greening_water_law.pdf. (<strong>20</strong>08a), “Supporting the Implementation of the Global Monitoring Plan of POPs in Latin America and Caribbean States (LAC)”, Project Document [online] http://www.chem.unep.ch/pops/GMP/LAC/Annex_1_prodoc_GRULAC.pdf. (<strong>20</strong>08b), Report on the Major Mercury-containing Products and Processes, Their Substitutes and Experience in Switching to Mercury-free Products and Processes (UNEP(DTIE)/Hg/OEWG.2/7), Nairobi. (<strong>20</strong>07), “Global Environmental Outlook. Environment for <strong>development</strong>” [online] http://www.unep.org/geo/geo4.asp. UNEP/ECLAC (United Nations Environment Programme/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) (<strong>20</strong>10), “Gráficos vitales del cambio climático para América Latina y el Caribe” [online] http://www.pnuma.org/informacion/comunicados/<strong>20</strong>10/6Diciembre<strong>20</strong>10/LAC_Web_ esp_<strong>20</strong>10-12-07.pdf. UNEP/CATHALAC (United Nations Environment Programme/Water Centre for the Humid Tropics of Latin America and the Caribbean) (<strong>20</strong>10), Latin America and the Caribbean: Atlas of Our Changing Environment [online] http://www.cathalac.org/lac_atlas/image_full/Top10_LAC-Atlas.pdf. UNEP/ILO (United Nations Environment Programme/International Labour Organization) (<strong>20</strong>08), Green Jobs: Towards Decent Work in a Sustainable, Low-Carbon World, Washington, D.C. UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) (1997), Introducing New Technologies for Abatement of Global Mercury Pollution, Phase II: Latin America, Vienna. United Nations (<strong>20</strong>10), Millennium Development Goals: Advances in Environmentally Sustainable Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (LC/G.2428-P), Santiago, Chile, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). Urquiza, E.G. (<strong>20</strong>09), “Análisis de capacidades nacionales para la conservación in situ”, México: capacidades para la conservación y el uso sustentable de la biodiversidad, Mexico City, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/Nacional Commission for Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) [online] http://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/pais/MexCapacidades.html. Viana, V. (<strong>20</strong>08), “Bolsa Floresta (Forest Conservation Allowance): an innovative mechanism to promote health in traditional communities in the Amazon”, Estudos avançados, vol. 22, No. 64, São Paulo, Instituto de Estudos Avançados, Universidade de São Paulo.
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 20<
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Alicia Bárcena Executive Secretary
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4 8. Protection of fishery resource
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6 Table II.1 Ratification of multil
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8 Figure V.7 Figure V.8 Figure V.9
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11 FOREWORD In December 20<
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13 INTRODUCTION The United Nations
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15 The Rio Declaration contains 27
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17 Box 2 (concluded) 24 Warfare is
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19 this regard, the International C
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21 The dynamic on which these data
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23 Bibliography Acquatella, J. and
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26 inequality, access to basic serv
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28 Figure I.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE
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30 air (see the section on health),
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36 The problem of unreliable servic
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38 Figure I.11 LATIN AMERICA AND TH
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40 Concerning tenure, certain struc
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42 Thanks to the improvements in wa
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44 One of the greatest health risks
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46 In Latin America and the Caribbe
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48 Figure I.14 UNDERNUTRITION AND O
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50 Generally speaking, national hea
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52 covered by existing retirement s
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54 Box I.3 MAINSTREAMING DISASTER-R
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56 patterns in Latin America, with
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58 In fact, despite achievements ma
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60 The second productivity feature
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62 for groups that are usually bypa
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64 Figure I.18 LATIN AMERICA AND TH
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66 2009). In addit
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68 production will, however, height
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70 Lastly, climate factors are also
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72 C. ENERGY: ENERGY INTENSITY, EFF
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74 Fuel subsidies for private vehic
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76 Table I.9 LAWS FOR THE PROMOTION
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78 reduction must also be mainstrea
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80 Box I.7 URBAN SUSTAINABILITY IN
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82 Box I.8 THE ECO-EFFICIENCY OF UR
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84 Figure I.21 SELECTED COUNTRIES:
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86 E. STRENGTHENING THE STATE AND A
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88 Bibliography Acquatella, Jean (<
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90 Fresco, Louise (20</stro
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92 Perroti, D.E. and R. Sánchez (<
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94 (2010b), Achiev
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96 Table II.1 RATIFICATION OF MULTI
Page 99 and 100: 98 Box II.1 (concluded) Union of So
Page 101 and 102: 100 Table II.3 LATIN AMERICA AND TH
Page 103 and 104: 102 The same applies to the incenti
Page 105 and 106: 104 Figure II.1 LATIN AMERICA AND T
Page 107 and 108: 106 Box II.2 LATIN AMERICA AND THE
Page 109 and 110: 108 Figure II.3 SHARE OF GLOBAL GRE
Page 111 and 112: 110 Figure II.7 PER CAPITA CO 2 EMI
Page 113 and 114: 112 Figure II.10 CARBON INTENSITY O
Page 115 and 116: 114 Table II.4 LATIN AMERICA AND TH
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Page 119 and 120: 118 Box II.4 CENTRAL AMERICA: BIODI
Page 121 and 122: 120 25 Figure II.1
Page 123 and 124: 122 The valuable assets related to
Page 125 and 126: 124 monitoring have been instrument
Page 127 and 128: 126 Box II.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE
Page 129 and 130: 128 technology transfer is successf
Page 131 and 132: 130 Table II.6 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
Page 133 and 134: 132 (a) Integrated water resources
Page 135 and 136: 134 concessions, authorizations and
Page 137 and 138: 136 water flows caused by land-use
Page 139 and 140: 138 Climate change will exacerbate
Page 141 and 142: 140 With regard to the safe recover
Page 143 and 144: 142 MERCOSUR countries are implemen
Page 145 and 146: 144 Unlike in the early 1990s, all
Page 147 and 148: 146 Bibliography Acquatella, J. (<s
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Page 153 and 154: 152 1. Statistics and indicators Si
Page 155 and 156: 154 3. Technology and environmental
Page 157 and 158: 156 2. Citizen participation in env
Page 159 and 160: 158 Reforms that would improve acce
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Page 163 and 164: 162 Box III.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE
Page 165 and 166: 164 Box III.4 LATIN AMERICA AND THE
Page 167 and 168: 166 Many countries have created ins
Page 169 and 170: 168 Since 1992, municipalities in L
Page 171 and 172: 170 requirements of legislation; 14
Page 173 and 174: 172 8. The science and technology c
Page 175 and 176: 174 9. Farmers Rural households, in
Page 177 and 178: 176 Bibliography Acuña, G. (<stron
Page 179 and 180: 178 Tréllez, E. (20</stron
Page 181 and 182: 180 A. IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIO
Page 183 and 184: 182 strategies, develop mechanisms
Page 185 and 186: 184 participatory process; and nati
Page 187 and 188: 186 issues, which have been incorpo
Page 189 and 190: 188 Furthermore, at the internation
Page 191 and 192: 190 4. Freshwater resources, water
Page 193 and 194: 192 With respect to coastal and mar
Page 195 and 196: 194 Further to the issues identifie
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200 As for financi
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202 This assistanc
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204 Regions Table
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206 In addition to
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208 Figure V.5 LAT
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210 Innovative financing mechanisms
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212 8.8 Agricultural support estima
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214 2. Agricultural subsidies Most
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216 (18.9%). 11 Fishery subsidies h
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218 Figure V.9 LATIN AMERICA AND TH
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220 1. Science and
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222 Figure V.10 LATIN AMERICA AND T
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224 2. Scientific capacities and te
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226 4. Knowledge plurality Rural po
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228 IDB (Inter-American Development
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231 Chapter VI GUIDELINES FOR ACHIE
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233 B. GUIDELINES FOR THE INTEGRATI
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235 (b) Strengthen policies designe
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237 from these sectors could suffer
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239 (f) Send proper signals to esse
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241 The following actions are sugge
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243 As part of the preparatory proc
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245 Indicators can help to raise aw
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247 All of these initiatives seek t
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249 (a) Reform curricula to include
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251 (ii) Support initiatives to for
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253 (b) For Latin America and the C
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255 initiatives, are intended to no
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This report describes the progress
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