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Under the Euro Medium Term Note Programme ... - Finance - EDF

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Risk Factors<br />

managed pension funds and, to a lesser extent, in connection with its cash<br />

assets and investments held directly by <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group.<br />

(d)<br />

Interest rate risk: <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group’s exposure to changes in interest rates<br />

involves two types of risks: (i) <strong>the</strong> risk of changes in <strong>the</strong> value of fixed-rate<br />

financial assets and liabilities and (ii) <strong>the</strong> risk of changes in cash flows<br />

associated with variable-rate financial assets and liabilities. Interest rate risk<br />

is also associated with debt securities held in connection with <strong>the</strong><br />

management of dedicated assets constituted to cover <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group’s longterm<br />

commitments in relation with <strong>the</strong> nuclear business and its commitments<br />

with respect to pensions and o<strong>the</strong>r specific employee benefits.<br />

The <strong>EDF</strong> Group cannot guarantee that it is totally protected, in particular in <strong>the</strong> event of<br />

significant fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and <strong>the</strong> equities markets.<br />

A default by <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group’s counterparties (partners, subcontractors, service<br />

providers, suppliers or customers) may have an impact on its activities and results<br />

Like all economic operators, <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group is exposed to a possible default by certain<br />

counterparties (partners, subcontractors, service providers, suppliers or customers), in<br />

particular in <strong>the</strong> event <strong>the</strong>y experience occasional financial difficulties or if bankruptcy<br />

proceedings are initiated against <strong>the</strong>m. A default by <strong>the</strong>se counterparties may impact <strong>the</strong><br />

cost of projects carried out by <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group, <strong>the</strong> quality of work performed, completion<br />

deadlines or <strong>the</strong> procurement of certain critical products or services, and exposes <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong><br />

Group to reputational risk, business continuity risk for certain projects or <strong>the</strong> loss of<br />

contracts, as well as significant additional costs, in particular if <strong>EDF</strong> is required to find<br />

satisfactory alternatives or take over <strong>the</strong> relevant activates and/or pay contractual penalties,<br />

which would have a negative impact on its activities and financial results.<br />

The <strong>EDF</strong> Group could be held liable for <strong>the</strong> occurrence of occupational illnesses or<br />

accidents<br />

Although <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group takes <strong>the</strong> steps necessary to comply with <strong>the</strong> health and safety<br />

laws and regulations in <strong>the</strong> various countries in which it operates, and considers that it has<br />

taken <strong>the</strong> measures required to ensure <strong>the</strong> health and safety of its employees and of its<br />

subcontractors’ employees, <strong>the</strong> risk of occupational illnesses or accidents cannot be<br />

excluded. The occurrence of such events may lead to lawsuits against <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group and<br />

may result in <strong>the</strong> payment of damages, which could be significant.<br />

Regarding asbestos, <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group has taken measures to treat materials, as well as<br />

information and protection measures.<br />

Specific risks related to <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group’s nuclear activities<br />

The <strong>EDF</strong> Group is <strong>the</strong> world’s leading nuclear operator 9 . Nuclear-generated electricity<br />

accounts for approximately 91.6% of <strong>the</strong> power it generates in France. Since 2009, <strong>EDF</strong> has<br />

operated nuclear assets in <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom and <strong>the</strong> United Sates (through CENG). The<br />

share of nuclear energy in <strong>the</strong> <strong>EDF</strong> Group’s electricity mix is thus a major competitive<br />

9 Source: Nuclear Power Reactors in <strong>the</strong> World, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2010 edition.<br />

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