Multivariate Calculus - Bruce E. Shapiro
Multivariate Calculus - Bruce E. Shapiro Multivariate Calculus - Bruce E. Shapiro
ii CONTENTS 20 Triple Integrals 161 21 Vector Fields 169 22 Line Integrals 175 23 Green’s Theorem 191 24 Flux Integrals & Gauss’ Divergence Theorem 195 25 Stokes’ Theorem 201 Revised December 6, 2006. Math 250, Fall 2006
Preface: A note to the Student These lecture notes are meant to accompany the textbook, not to replace it. It has been my experience that students who attempt to use lecture notes (even mine, which I have to admit, are practically perfect) in lieu of the textbook receive abysmally poor final term grades. However, properly using the lecture notes can help you. Here is how I would suggest you study in this class. • Read the pertinent sections in the textbook prior to attending the class lecture. • Come to class. • Pay attention. Although I use the notes during class, I will not follow the notes verbatum, and I will most certainly not stand in front of the class and read the notes out loud to you. I will frequently also include additional material so you need to keep sharp. • Take notes in class. Some students find it helpful to have a copy of these lecture notes in front of them, but others do not. It is a personal style, and you will have to decide what is right for you. • Review your notes after class, before you try to do the homework. Compare your notes with the lecture notes; you can use the lecture notes to check to see if you copied the formulas correctly, or if you don’t understand something in your notes. • Reread or at least skim back over the chapter after reviewing your notes. • Do the exercises at the end of the chapter. Note that this step comes AFTER you have read the chapter, not before. • If you don’t understand something, go back over the chapter, your class notes, and the lecture notes, in that order. If that doesn’t help, ask me during office hours, during class, or via email for help. Sometimes you will run into something in either the notes or the text that just plain does not make sense. If you can manage it, skip over the problem, or go on with the next step or sentence in what you are reading. Come back to it later, iii
- Page 1 and 2: Multivariate Calculus in 25 Easy Le
- Page 3: Contents 1 Cartesian Coordinates 1
- Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS v The order in which the m
- Page 9 and 10: Examples of Typical Symbols Used Sy
- Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS ix Table 1: Symbols Used i
- Page 13 and 14: Lecture 1 Cartesian Coordinates We
- Page 15 and 16: LECTURE 1. CARTESIAN COORDINATES 3
- Page 17 and 18: LECTURE 1. CARTESIAN COORDINATES 5
- Page 19 and 20: LECTURE 1. CARTESIAN COORDINATES 7
- Page 21 and 22: Lecture 2 Vectors in 3D Properties
- Page 23 and 24: LECTURE 2. VECTORS IN 3D 11 Figure
- Page 25 and 26: LECTURE 2. VECTORS IN 3D 13 Definit
- Page 27 and 28: LECTURE 2. VECTORS IN 3D 15 Hence u
- Page 29 and 30: LECTURE 2. VECTORS IN 3D 17 and the
- Page 31 and 32: LECTURE 2. VECTORS IN 3D 19 The Equ
- Page 33 and 34: Lecture 3 The Cross Product Definit
- Page 35 and 36: LECTURE 3. THE CROSS PRODUCT 23 Pro
- Page 37 and 38: LECTURE 3. THE CROSS PRODUCT 25 Exa
- Page 39 and 40: LECTURE 3. THE CROSS PRODUCT 27 5.
- Page 41 and 42: Lecture 4 Lines and Curves in 3D We
- Page 43 and 44: LECTURE 4. LINES AND CURVES IN 3D 3
- Page 45 and 46: LECTURE 4. LINES AND CURVES IN 3D 3
- Page 47 and 48: LECTURE 4. LINES AND CURVES IN 3D 3
- Page 49 and 50: Lecture 5 Velocity, Acceleration, a
- Page 51 and 52: LECTURE 5. VELOCITY, ACCELERATION,
- Page 53 and 54: LECTURE 5. VELOCITY, ACCELERATION,
Preface: A note to the Student<br />
These lecture notes are meant to accompany the textbook, not to replace it.<br />
It has been my experience that students who attempt to use lecture notes (even<br />
mine, which I have to admit, are practically perfect) in lieu of the textbook receive<br />
abysmally poor final term grades. However, properly using the lecture notes can<br />
help you.<br />
Here is how I would suggest you study in this class.<br />
• Read the pertinent sections in the textbook prior to attending the class lecture.<br />
• Come to class.<br />
• Pay attention. Although I use the notes during class, I will not follow the notes<br />
verbatum, and I will most certainly not stand in front of the class and read<br />
the notes out loud to you. I will frequently also include additional material so<br />
you need to keep sharp.<br />
• Take notes in class. Some students find it helpful to have a copy of these<br />
lecture notes in front of them, but others do not. It is a personal style, and<br />
you will have to decide what is right for you.<br />
• Review your notes after class, before you try to do the homework. Compare<br />
your notes with the lecture notes; you can use the lecture notes to check to<br />
see if you copied the formulas correctly, or if you don’t understand something<br />
in your notes.<br />
• Reread or at least skim back over the chapter after reviewing your notes.<br />
• Do the exercises at the end of the chapter. Note that this step comes AFTER<br />
you have read the chapter, not before.<br />
• If you don’t understand something, go back over the chapter, your class notes,<br />
and the lecture notes, in that order. If that doesn’t help, ask me during office<br />
hours, during class, or via email for help.<br />
Sometimes you will run into something in either the notes or the text that just<br />
plain does not make sense. If you can manage it, skip over the problem, or go on<br />
with the next step or sentence in what you are reading. Come back to it later,<br />
iii