number 1 - Centre d'études et de recherches européennes Robert ...

The Court of Justice and its Role as a driving Force in European Integration 127
"The executive force of Community law cannot vary from one State to another in
deference to subsequent domestic laws. (...) the law stemming from the Treaty, an
independent source of law, cannot, because of its special and original nature, be
overridden by domestic legal provisions, however framed, without being deprived of
its character as Community law and without the legal basis of the Community itself
being called into question. The transfer by the States from their domestic legal
system to the Community legal system of the rights and obligations arising under the
Treaty carries with it a permanent limitation of their sovereign rights, against which
a subsequent unilateral act incompatible with the concept of the Community cannot
prevail.
Consequently Article 177 is to be applied regardless of any domestic law, whenever
questions relating to the interpretation of the Treaty arise." 41
In this way, the primacy of Community law was expressed in a form of words
which dissipated any doubts which may have persisted among the Member States
in their reading of the judgment Van Gend & Loos.
A few years after assuming office the seven judges of the Court of Justice of the
European Communities had laid down an interpretation which must have surprised
more than one of the negotiators of the Rome treaties.
The "control body" mentioned by Robert Schuman on 9 May 1950 had turned,
to the great discomfiture of certain commentators 42 , into a powerful driving force
for European integration.
Christian Pennera
41. Case 6/64, 15 July 1964, [1964] ECR 585.
42. See, for example, J.P. COLIN, Le gouvernement des juges dans les Communautés européennes,
Paris 1966, 544 pp.