best available technologies for manure treatment - Baltic Green Belt

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Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020 Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020 ANNEX E: TABLES WITH SHORT DESPRIPTION OF LIVESTOCK MANURE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES Ref No. 56 Aeration Brief description Description of the effect on leaching (positive or negative) of N and P The term “aerobic treatment” refers to biological treatment processes that occur in the presence of oxygen. In these processes, aerobic microorganisms oxidize bio-available organic and nitrogenous compounds. Removal of these oxygen demanding compounds provides a means to reduce odor emission and to reduce ammonia emissions. Aerobic treatment has not been used much in treatment of liquid or slurry manure primarily due to the relation between the benefits and the extra costs associated with operating the motors, compressors or fans required to supply enough oxygen to support aerobic bacteria. Several types of aeration of slurry were tested. Aeration may be partly to convert ammonia to nitrate, which can subsequently be transformed into free N by denitrification, partly to reduce levels of organic matter in the liquid fraction. Nitrification (conversion of ammonia to nitrate) is very energyintensive in terms of power consumption for aeration, stirring, etc. If nitrate subsequently is converted into free N by denitrification a portion of the organic material in the slurry will be consumed. N and organic matter is lost in the process, and at the same time significant amounts of energy are consumed. The amount of aeration needed (in increasing order) depends on whether it is desired to just reduce odour, or completely remove the oxygen demand of the organic matter, or to supply enough oxygen for oxidation of ammonium to nitrate. See comments under composting – reference numbers 41 and 41A. Innovation stage Investment price, Basic Variable Operational costs, per tonnes per kg saved N or P leaching Complexity of implementation Research Pilot Practice Low – can be performed without existing pumps, equipment and machinery on the farm Probably < 1 per ton Major references Condition for leaching reduction effect Certainty of information Foged, 2009 Scenarios II - V Prices High Effect on leaching High Depends on the situation of the individual farm. Low. 74 74
Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020 Best Available Technologies for manure treatment baltic sea 2020 ANNEX E: TABLES WITH SHORT DESPRIPTION OF LIVESTOCK MANURE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES Best Available Techniques for manure treatment - for intensive rearing of pigs in Baltic Sea Region EU Member States Technical Report "Best Practice Manure Handling, Phase 2" Ref No. 56A Ozonation Brief description Description of the effect on leaching (positive or negative) of N and P Ozone is a very powerful oxidising agent and reacts very rapidly with almost anything. Ozone must be produced locally because it is unstable and cannot be stored. Ozone is used as flocculant for the separation of manure by flotation. Methods for ozone treatment and separation of manure are being developed, and there are great expectations to the technology. Ozone treatment combined with the flotation of the suspended material in the slurry forms a clear liquid and a concentrated sludge. The fluid can then be further processed to a very high quality, while the sludge fraction should be handled as flotation sludge. Unidentified. The use of ozone can be applied for the remediation of nuisance odorous chemicals in liquid manures. Gaseous ozone is bubbled directly into liquid manure in a continuously stirred batch reactor. Olfactometry determinations demonstrate a significant reduction in odours in ozonized samples as compared to raw and oxygenated samples, however, with big variation among technology suppliers. Volatile fatty acids, nitrate, phosphate and ammonia concentrations were unchanged by ozonation. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) is essentially unaffected by ozonation, with the ozone concentrations tried. Ozone can be generated from oxygen in the atmosphere or by pure oxygen. Operating costs for the production of ozone is relatively high. Although it is theoretically possible to oxidize a very large portion of the organic matter in the slurry with ozone is not technically and economically feasible. Innovation stage Investment price, Basic Variable Operational costs, per tonnes per kg saved N or P leaching Complexity of implementation Research Pilot No data No data No data Practice Major references Condition for leaching reduction effect Certainty of information N/A Low – can be installed at every farm CBMI N/A Prices High Effect on leaching High 75 Page 77 75
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